A. Fedosimova, S. Ibraimova, I. Lebedev, E. Bondar, N. Yerezhep
{"title":"Application of Universality in the Development of Cascade Processes for the Study of High-Energy Cosmic Particles","authors":"A. Fedosimova, S. Ibraimova, I. Lebedev, E. Bondar, N. Yerezhep","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701151","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701151","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, the problems of determining the primary energy of cosmic rays caused by large fluctuations in the development of showers are considered in detail. A solution to these problems is proposed based on the method of fluctuation reduction (MFR). This method assumes the universality of the development of cascades formed by particles of the same energy and charge. It is shown that the correlation curves used in MFR fluctuate significantly less than the cascade curves. In this regard, the use of correlation curves allows one to significantly increase the accuracy of determining energy in individual events. The proposed technique is universal for various energies and nuclei.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"207 - 211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structure of 9,10Be and 10,11B Nuclei in the Shell Model of Strongly Deformed Nuclei","authors":"V. V. Samarin","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701175","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701175","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The structure of the <sup>9,10</sup>Be and <sup>10,11</sup>B nuclei is calculated using the shell model of strongly deformed nuclei. The Schrödinger equation is solved by considering the spin-orbit interaction using an expansion in Bessel series. Close agreement of the calculated radial charge densities and root-mean-square charge radii with experimental data is obtained for the shell-model mean-field potential corresponding to the alpha-cluster model.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"217 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Wave Structure Near an Elementary Charge in the Theory of Space-Time Film","authors":"A. A. Chernitskii","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701308","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701308","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Within the framework of the nonlinear field model of the extreme space-time film, its linearization is considered on the background of a spheroidal soliton or spheron, representing an elementary electric charge. The representation of the system of first-order equations for the space-time film in the form of a single equation in hypercomplex form and its linearization on the background of a spheron are obtained. The problem of finding weak wave modes against the background of a spheron is reduced to solving a second-order differential equation. The solution is sought by expanding into an asymptotic series in inverse powers of the radius in a spherical coordinate system. A recurrent formula for the series is obtained. The possibility of the existence of a discrete frequency spectrum of wave modes is shown by means of numerical experiments with partial sums of the series. The possibility of representation of charge elementary particles by soliton solutions containing an elementary charge and wave modes is discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"293 - 296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Neural Network Domain Adaptation for Addressing the Generator-Dependence Problem in Impact Parameter Estimation","authors":"K. A. Galaktionov, V. A. Roudnev, F. F. Valiev","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701242","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701242","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This work addresses the estimation of the impact parameter in heavy-ion collisions using simulated data from microchannel plate (MCP) detectors planned for future NICA experiments [1]. Neural networks can reconstruct the impact parameter accurately, but their performance depends strongly on the chosen event generator. We compared several approaches: principal component analysis, autoencoders, and naive mixed-dataset training did not yield generator-independent features. We then applied domain-adaptation methods, including domain-adversarial and deep reconstruction neural networks (DRNN). DRNN delivered the best performance, reducing generator bias while preserving sensitivity to the impact parameter, especially for central collisions. This may be a promising way toward generalized algorithms that can be reliably applied to forthcoming experimental data.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"261 - 265"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Empirical Systematics of Long-Range Alpha-Particle Emission Probabilities in Spontaneous Fission of Heavy and Superheavy Nuclei","authors":"N. S. Moiseev, N. V. Antonenko, G. G. Adamian","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701102","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The empirical systematics of the probabilities <span>({{P}_{{{text{LRA}}}}})</span> of long-range alpha-particle emission in spontaneous fission of heavy and superheavy nuclei is investigated. Known correlations of <span>({{P}_{{{text{LRA}}}}})</span> with various parameters are analyzed. A new empirical formula for <span>({{P}_{{{text{LRA}}}}})</span> as a linear function of the energy release <span>({{Q}_{alpha }})</span> of alpha decay is proposed. It is shown that consideration of <span>({{Q}_{alpha }})</span> reveals shell effects. All the considered models predict an increase in <span>({{P}_{{{text{LRA}}}}})</span> up to 1% for neutron-deficient nuclei, highlighting the importance of this decay channel.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"179 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Yu. Rozhdestvenskij, A. A. Vasilyev, M. E. Vznuzdaev, L. M. Kochenda, P. A. Kravtsov, P. V. Kravchenko, V. E. Larionov, V. A. Trofimov, V. D. Fotyev
{"title":"Development of a System of Scintillation Detectors for Space Radiation Suppression in the Framework of the Experiment Aimed to Study dd-Fusion Reactions at Low Beam Energy (PolFusion)","authors":"A. Yu. Rozhdestvenskij, A. A. Vasilyev, M. E. Vznuzdaev, L. M. Kochenda, P. A. Kravtsov, P. V. Kravchenko, V. E. Larionov, V. A. Trofimov, V. D. Fotyev","doi":"10.1134/S106377962570128X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106377962570128X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of a system of scintillation detectors is presented for cosmic-ray suppression in the experiment aimed to study <i>dd</i>-fusion reactions at low beam energy (PolFusion). The goal of the PolFusion experiment, which is conducted at the Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute (Gatchina), is to study the fusion reactions <sup>2</sup>H(<i>d</i>, <i>p</i>)<sup>3</sup>H and <sup>2</sup>H(<i>d</i>, <i>n</i>)<sup>3</sup>He with polarized initial particles at low energies in the range of 10–100 keV. The presented work includes the following stages: simulation of the central detector system of the experiment and the scintillation detector system, design and development of the scintillation detector system, and the results of test measurements on cosmic rays.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"283 - 287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Development of a Method for Identifying the Type of Recoil Particles in an Ionization Chamber","authors":"A. H. Alamouri, A. A. Dzyuba","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701229","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701229","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method of active target can be used to measure the particle (proton, deuteron, and helium nuclei) electron-knocking out cross sections for various gas nuclei. To conduct measurements, a method for identifying the type of recoil particle has been developed, based on the correlation between the particle’s range and the energy released in the detector. The particle emission angle is also considered. A Monte-Carlo model has been developed to refine this method, incorporating the transport of ionizing radiation, electronic response functions and noise, as well as the background from beam electrons. This model will be used for experiment planning and data processing.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"249 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Prompt Fission Neutron Spectra of 235U(n, F), 239Pu(n, F), and 240Pu(n, F)","authors":"V. M. Maslov","doi":"10.1134/S106377962570131X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106377962570131X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Prompt fission neutron spectra (PFNS) of <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>) and <sup>240</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>) for the incident neutron energy range <i>Е</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> ≲ 20 MeV are suitable for investigating how fissility of <i>N</i>-odd/<i>N</i>-even, <i>Z</i>-even target nuclides <i>A</i> and residual nuclides <i>A</i> + 1 <i>− x</i> affect the emission <i>x</i> of pre-fission and post-fission neutrons. Pre-fission neutrons may amount to ~15% of the average number of prompt fission neutrons, but they produce a stronger effect on the share of the fission reaction energy between the excitation and kinetic energies of the fission fragments. The PFNS shape appreciably depends on the contribution of pre-fission neutrons to the PFNS, (<i>n</i>, <i>xnf</i>)<sup>1,…,<i>x</i></sup> and (<i>n</i>, <i>xn</i>)<sup>1,…,<i>x</i></sup> reaction competition, and fissilities of the <i>N</i>-odd and <i>N</i>-even compound and residual nuclides. Exclusive neutron spectra of <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>xn</i>)<sup>1,..., <i>x</i></sup> reactions are calculated simultaneously with the cross sections for the <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>234</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>233</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), and <sup>232</sup>U(<i>n, F</i>) reactions and the <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n,</i> 2<i>n</i>) reaction, <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n, nX</i>) neutron emission spectra at <i>Е</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> ~14 MeV, and inelastic neutron scattering cross sections. Exclusive pre-fission neutron spectra of the <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>xnf</i>)<sup>1,…,<i>x</i></sup> and <sup>240</sup>Pu(<i>n, xnf</i>)<sup>1,…,<i>x</i></sup> reactions are calculated simultaneously with the cross sections for the <sup>240</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>238</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>237</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), and <sup>236</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>) reactions and the <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>nX</i>) neutron emission spectra at <i>Е</i><sub><i>n</i></sub> ~14 MeV. Initial model parameters are defined by fitting the <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n</i><sub>th</sub>, <i>f</i>) and <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i><sub>th</sub>, <i>f</i>) PFNS data. Initial model parameters for the <sup>240</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>) PFNS are fixed by description of spontaneous fission neutron spectra (PSFNS) of <sup>240</sup>Pu(<i>sf</i>). Considering the <sup>240</sup>Pu (<i>n</i>, <i>xnf</i>)<sup>1,..., <i>x</i></sup> exclusive pre-fission neutron spectra, the prompt fission neutron spectra, total kinetic energy of fission fragments TKE (total kinetic energy), and average number of prompt fission neutrons (PFNs) are predicted and interpreted for <sup>240</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>). The measured <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>)/<sup>235</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), <sup>239</sup>Pu(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>)/<sup>238</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>), and <sup>235</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i>)/<sup>238</sup>U(<i>n</i>, <i>F</i","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"297 - 321"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Results of Measuring the Differential Cross Sections of Prompt Gamma-Ray Production in Reactions of Fast Neutrons with Iron Nuclei","authors":"V. V. Gaganov","doi":"10.1134/S106377962570114X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106377962570114X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To test the evaluated nuclear data, the differential cross sections for prompt gamma-ray production in inelastic interactions of 14.5 MeV neutrons with iron nuclei have been measured. The measurements have been carried out by the time-of-flight method using the geometry of integral experiment with the NG-150M neutron generator operating in pulsed mode, and using a single-crystal gamma spectrometer with a NaI(Tl) scintillator of 15 cm in diameter and a height of 10 cm. The new data are in satisfactory agreement with the results of similar experiments. The evaluated cross sections from the ENDF/B-V, ENDF/B-VI.8, ENDF/B-VII.1, ENDF/B-VIII.0 libraries are compared with the experimental results.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"199 - 206"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
K. N. Basirov, I. I. Borisov, E. V. Bannikov, Ya. A. Berdnikov
{"title":"Azimuthal Dependence of the Fractional Parton Energy Loss in Cu + Au Collisions at (sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} ) = 200 GeV","authors":"K. N. Basirov, I. I. Borisov, E. V. Bannikov, Ya. A. Berdnikov","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625701230","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1063779625701230","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The properties of the quark-gluon medium formed in Cu + Au collisions at an energy of <span>(sqrt {{{s}_{{NN}}}} )</span> = 200 GeV can be investigated using information on the energy loss of high-energy partons (<span>({{p}_{{text{T}}}} gg {{Lambda }_{{{text{QCD}}}}})</span>). One of the quantities that can be estimated experimentally is the fractional parton energy loss <span>({{S}_{{{text{loss}}}}})</span>. On the basis of the data on the elliptic flow <span>({{v}_{2}})</span> of <span>({{pi }^{0}})</span> mesons at high <span>({{p}_{{text{T}}}})</span>, azimuthal dependences of the fractional parton energy loss <span>({{S}_{{{text{loss}}}}}(Delta varphi ))</span> are obtained, and dependences of the energy loss on the effective parton path length <span>({{S}_{{{text{loss}}}}}({{L}_{{{text{eff}}}}}))</span> are constructed by considering the azimuthal distribution of the color charge density. Estimates of the effective medium stopping power as a function of the azimuthal angle of <span>({{pi }^{0}})</span>-meson emission relative to the reaction plane <span>({{Delta E} mathord{left/ {vphantom {{Delta E} {{{L}_{{{text{eff}}}}}(Delta varphi )}}} right. kern-0em} {{{L}_{{{text{eff}}}}}(Delta varphi )}})</span> are also presented.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"57 2","pages":"256 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}