{"title":"Duality between Chiral Symmetry Breaking and Charged Pion Condensation Phenomena in PNJL Model","authors":"K. G. Klimenko, R. N. Zhokhov","doi":"10.1134/S1063779625700285","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper explores the duality between chiral symmetry breaking and charged pion condensation within the Polyakov extended Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model, which incorporates confinement phenomena absent in the traditional NJL model framework that describes only chiral dynamics. The PNJL model in addition incorporates the Polyakov loop to include confinement and the confinement-deconfinement transition, enabling a more comprehensive exploration of QCD phase structure under conditions of finite temperature and baryon density. The thermodynamic potential of dense quark matter with isospin and chiral imbalances obtained in PNJL model is analyzed. It is shown analytically that the duality between chiral symmetry breaking and charged pion condensation remains intact and persists in PNJL model across both confined and deconfined phases, i.e., regardless of the value of the Polyakov loop.</p>","PeriodicalId":729,"journal":{"name":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","volume":"56 5","pages":"1179 - 1185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5000,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S1063779625700285.pdf","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Physics of Particles and Nuclei","FirstCategoryId":"101","ListUrlMain":"https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/S1063779625700285","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q4","JCRName":"PHYSICS, PARTICLES & FIELDS","Score":null,"Total":0}
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Abstract
This paper explores the duality between chiral symmetry breaking and charged pion condensation within the Polyakov extended Nambu–Jona-Lasinio (PNJL) model, which incorporates confinement phenomena absent in the traditional NJL model framework that describes only chiral dynamics. The PNJL model in addition incorporates the Polyakov loop to include confinement and the confinement-deconfinement transition, enabling a more comprehensive exploration of QCD phase structure under conditions of finite temperature and baryon density. The thermodynamic potential of dense quark matter with isospin and chiral imbalances obtained in PNJL model is analyzed. It is shown analytically that the duality between chiral symmetry breaking and charged pion condensation remains intact and persists in PNJL model across both confined and deconfined phases, i.e., regardless of the value of the Polyakov loop.
期刊介绍：
The journal Fizika Elementarnykh Chastits i Atomnogo Yadr of the Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR, Dubna) was founded by Academician N.N. Bogolyubov in August 1969. The Editors-in-chief of the journal were Academician N.N. Bogolyubov (1970–1992) and Academician A.M. Baldin (1992–2001). Its English translation, Physics of Particles and Nuclei, appears simultaneously with the original Russian-language edition. Published by leading physicists from the JINR member states, as well as by scientists from other countries, review articles in this journal examine problems of elementary particle physics, nuclear physics, condensed matter physics, experimental data processing, accelerators and related instrumentation ecology and radiology.
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