Addiction Biology最新文献

{"title":"Modelling Incentive Salience in Adolescent Substance Use: The Influence of Substance Cues, Alcohol Expectancies and Socio-Environmental Factors","authors":"Tommy Gunawan,&nbsp;Michael L. Thomas,&nbsp;Ty Brumback,&nbsp;Duncan B. Clark,&nbsp;David B. Goldston,&nbsp;Kate B. Nooner,&nbsp;Vijay A. Ramchandani,&nbsp;Alejandro D. Meruelo","doi":"10.1111/adb.70106","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adb.70106","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alcohol urge regulation, drug urge regulation, motivational attitudes and alcohol expectancies have been linked to substance use, but their combined influence on reward sensitivity and behaviour remains underexplored. This is particularly critical during adolescence and young adulthood, a period of heightened susceptibility to alcohol use and risky behaviours. Using data from the National Consortium on Alcohol and Neurodevelopment in Adolescence (NCANDA), an accelerated longitudinal design that includes all age groups at each time point, this study examined how these factors interact to shape substance use behaviours, including the onset of regular drinking, binge drinking, drug use and sexual intercourse. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses (EFA/CFA) utilized data from Years 7 to 9, comprising 430 participants across all age groups, to identify latent incentive-salience constructs related to urge regulation, motivational attitudes and alcohol expectancies, with a split-sample approach used to validate the factor structure in a mature cohort. Structural equation modelling (SEM) employed longitudinal data from Year 5 predictors and demographic controls to examine outcomes assessed in Year 6, leveraging the developmental focus of this age range. Covariates included age, sex and socio-economic status. EFA/CFA confirmed a robust latent structure, and SEM revealed that alcohol urge regulation significantly predicted past-year binge drinking, while drug urge regulation was negatively associated with total drug use but had no significant effect on alcohol-related behaviours. Alcohol expectancies and demographic factors, such as older age and male sex, were significantly associated with increased substance use, while socio-economic status further influenced these outcomes. Findings highlight the critical role of incentive salience in youth substance use and suggest that prevention strategies should target individual risk factors and demographic influences. Early education and supportive policies may reduce early substance use and its associated harms.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12664821/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145641692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Functional Connectivity Disruptions in Grey Matter Volume-Altered Brain Regions Among Male Smokers: A Neuroimaging Study","authors":"Hui Zhang,&nbsp;Jiawen Tian,&nbsp;Xinyu Wang,&nbsp;Hongyu Zhang,&nbsp;Longyao Ma,&nbsp;Bohui Mei,&nbsp;Mengzhe Zhang,&nbsp;Qingqing Lv,&nbsp;Yarui Wei,&nbsp;Shaoqiang Han,&nbsp;Yong Zhang","doi":"10.1111/adb.70096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aimed to investigate whether structural brain alterations in smokers are accompanied by synchronized changes in functional connectivity, with a focus on understanding the neural mechanisms underlying smoking addiction. We conducted a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies using the Seed Mapping software package to identify consistent grey matter changes in smokers' brains, which were subsequently defined as regions of interest (ROIs). Resting-state functional connectivity between these ROIs and whole-brain voxels was analysed in 53 male smokers and 38 non-smokers. Additional correlation analyses were performed to assess relationships with clinical features. Smokers exhibited reduced functional connectivity between the right lingual gyrus (which showed increased grey matter volume) and the left calcarine sulcus. The right superior frontal gyrus (with decreased grey matter volume) suggested diminished functional connectivity with multiple regions, including the bilateral precentral and postcentral gyrus, left rolandic operculum, left inferior frontal gyrus (opercular part), left midcingulate cortex, bilateral supplementary motor area, left paracentral lobule, right inferior frontal gyrus (triangular part) and right middle frontal gyrus (GRF corrected, voxel-level <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, cluster-level <i>p</i> &lt; 0.05). Notably, reduced connectivity of some brain regions to the right superior frontal gyrus was negatively correlated with the Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Our findings demonstrate that structural brain alterations in smokers are associated with specific disruptions in functional connectivity, particularly within visual attention, executive control and sensorimotor networks. These results provide additional evidence of the neuropathophysiological mechanisms underlying smoking addiction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145619149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Escalation of Ethanol Drinking in Mice Is Associated With Neurochemical Changes in the Dorsal Striatum","authors":"Eric Baetscher,&nbsp;Timothy L. Carlson,&nbsp;Connor Hilts,&nbsp;Jade L. Thomas,&nbsp;Patrick N. Reardon,&nbsp;Verginia C. Cuzon Carlson,&nbsp;Christopher D. Kroenke","doi":"10.1111/adb.70101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70101","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Prior studies indicate that a bias towards excitation in the excitatory/inhibitory balance occurs in the dorsal striatum as a result of chronic heavy alcohol use. However, investigations of the dorsal striatum by noninvasive means, such as magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) in vivo, have been lacking. In this study, 49 mice (27 female) on a C57BL/6J genetic background were subject to a chronic intermittent ethanol and forced swim stress (CIE-FSS) procedure. For each mouse, MRS data were acquired at two timepoints from a single voxel covering the dorsal striatum bilaterally. The baseline MRS timepoint occurred in an ethanol naïve state. Ethanol drinking for all mice consisted of 1-h/day access to one bottle of 15% ethanol, for 5 days/week. After a 6-week ethanol drinking acclimation period, mice were assigned to four experimental groups: air and no stress, air and stress, EtOH&lt;sub&gt;vapour&lt;/sub&gt; and no stress, and EtOH&lt;sub&gt;vapour&lt;/sub&gt; and stress. Mice then underwent four cycles of CIE-FSS, each cycle consisted of 1 week of vapour (air or ethanol) followed by 1 week of either 10 min of FSS swim stress or no swim stress, and 1-h access to 15% ethanol. A follow-up MRS timepoint occurred at the conclusion of the 14-week CIE-FSS protocol, after at least 43 h of abstinence from ethanol. Whole-cohort ethanol drinking increased from a mean ± SEM of 1.51 ± 0.11 g/kg at Week 1, to a mean of 3.15 ± 0.13 g/kg at Week 14. Robust increases in several neurochemicals were observed between baseline and follow up, with the largest increases found for glutamate, glutamine, taurine, and creatine. Two sets of analysis on MRS data were performed: (1) assessing effects of experimental group (CIE, FSS and/or sex) on striatal neurochemistry and (2) investigating correlations between longitudinal changes in ethanol drinking and changes in neurochemical concentrations. Striatal neurochemical concentrations exhibited CIE-FSS group effects (1), notably EtOH&lt;sub&gt;vapour&lt;/sub&gt; exposure significantly reduced lactate concentrations at follow up. The change in glutamate between baseline and follow up was significantly lower in EtOH&lt;sub&gt;vapour&lt;/sub&gt; exposed mice. Changes in the glutamate/glutamine ratio were markedly reduced in the EtOH&lt;sub&gt;vapour&lt;/sub&gt; condition. In our correlational analysis (2) of changes in drinking versus changes in neurochemical concentrations from baseline to follow up, we found that female mice have strong positive linear correlations between the change in ethanol drinking and the changes in concentration of glutamate, glutamine, taurine, myo-inositol and creatine. In male mice, inverse correlations were found between changes in drinking and changes in glutamate, taurine and creatine concentrations. Additionally, the change in cerebral ventricle volume was found to correlate with the change in ethanol drinking, but ventricular volume change was not significantly affected by CIE or FSS. Together, the observed effects of CIE on MRS outcomes in dorsal stri","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145595382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal Associations Between Smoking, Brain Structural Alterations and Psychiatric Disorders: Evidence From a Mediation Analysis","authors":"Yang Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoying Ma,&nbsp;Yubing Yin,&nbsp;Yulu Wu,&nbsp;Yunqi Huang,&nbsp;Yiguo Tang,&nbsp;Siyi Liu,&nbsp;Qianshu Ma,&nbsp;Menghan Wei,&nbsp;Mengting Zhang,&nbsp;Shiwan Tao,&nbsp;Min Xie,&nbsp;Renhao Deng,&nbsp;Mingli Li,&nbsp;Qiang Wang","doi":"10.1111/adb.70102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Both epidemiological and Mendelian randomization (MR) studies have confirmed the association between smoking and psychiatric disorders, yet the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. To address this gap, this study aimed to evaluate causal relationships between smoking, brain structural alterations, and psychiatric disorders and to identify genetic and neuroimaging mediators. We analysed summary data from the genome-wide association study (GWAS) and multimodal neuroimaging data, using linkage disequilibrium score regression (LDSC) to quantify genetic correlations and two-sample bidirectional MR to assess causality between smoking and three psychiatric disorders: schizophrenia (SCZ), major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD). Additionally, we conducted mediation analysis to identify brain structural mediators and colocalization and pathway analyses to elucidate shared genetic architecture. LDSC analysis revealed significant genetic correlations between smoking and MDD (<i>r</i>_<i>g</i> = 0.41), SCZ (<i>r</i>_<i>g</i> = 0.16) and BD (<i>r</i>_<i>g</i> = 0.15). Consistently, bidirectional MR confirmed a bidirectional causal relationship between smoking and SCZ/MDD and a unidirectional causal effect of smoking on BD. Mediation analysis further revealed that microstructural disorganization in the left uncinate fasciculus mediated 19.6% (95% CI: 3.36%-35.8%) of the effect of smoking on MDD risk. Moreover, colocalization analysis implicated SH2B2 as a pleiotropic locus linking UF orientation dispersion (OD) to prefrontal–amygdala gene expression, suggesting that smoking may exacerbate corticolimbic dysfunction by inducing SH2B2 hypermethylation. Taken together, our findings establish smoking as a causal risk factor for SCZ, MDD and BD, with corticolimbic white matter degeneration serving as a key mediator, and they highlight the SH2B2-TrkB axis as a mechanistic conduit for genetic and environmental risk, pointing to therapeutic targets to disrupt smoking related psychiatric disorders.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145595381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No Effects of rTMS on Performance Monitoring and Attentional Bias in Patients With Alcohol Use Disorder: A Pilot Study","authors":"Maarten Belgers,&nbsp;Wiebren Markus,&nbsp;Federico Grasso,&nbsp;Martijn Arns,&nbsp;Philip Van Eijndhoven,&nbsp;Arnt Schellekens","doi":"10.1111/adb.70100","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adb.70100","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) presents a promising approach for treating patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD). However, its neuropsychological working mechanisms are to be elucidated. Therefore, we investigated the effect of rTMS treatment on event-related potentials (ERPs) evoked by a flanker task and a passive picture task using electro-encephalography, in 30 recently detoxified patients. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either 10 sessions of rTMS or sham rTMS. Measurements were made at baseline, and after 5 and 10 treatments. The results revealed no significant effect of rTMS on any of the assessed ERPs (N100, N200, and P300). These findings suggest that high-frequency rTMS applied over the right dlPFC, in addition to treatment as usual (TAU), does not impact performance monitoring or attentional bias in recently detoxified patients with AUD. Bayesian analyses did suggest a potential effect of rTMS on N100 amplitude at frontal electrode FZ. These preliminary findings warrant further study of the effects of rTMS on ERP outcomes in AUD patients, and exploration of ERPs related to performance monitoring and attentional bias as potential neuropsychological markers for the clinical effects of rTMS. However, other neuropsychological markers, like brain network connectivity, should also be explored.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Clinical Trial Registration</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Registered in a trial Register (ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT01973127)f.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70100","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145551463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dopamine D2S/D2L Receptor Regulation of Alcohol-Induced Reward and Signalling","authors":"Mohd Tayyab,&nbsp;Toshikuni Sasaoka,&nbsp;Manabu Abe,&nbsp;Nae Saito,&nbsp;Kenji Sakimura,&nbsp;Anetta Ninan,&nbsp;YanYan Wang","doi":"10.1111/adb.70093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70093","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Dopamine D2 receptor (D2R)-mediated signalling is involved in reward, motivation and alcohol use disorder. Perturbation of the D2R system may influence an individual's response to alcohol. Alternative splicing of the D2R gene generates two isoforms: D2 long form (D2L) and D2 short form (D2S). It is unclear whether differences in the expression of D2L and D2S influence alcohol's effects. Here we examined if altered expression levels of either D2R isoform would influence alcohol effects on reward-related behaviour and relevant signalling pathways using knockout (KO) mice expressing either D2R isoform. We found that D2L KO mice (expressing only D2S) displayed a strong alcohol conditioned place preference (CPP) compared to WT mice and D2S KO mice (expressing only D2L). Alcohol exposure caused a downregulation of cannabinoid 1 receptors (CB1R) expression but an upregulation of cannabinoid 2 receptors (CB2R) expression in the striatum of D2L KO mice but not in WT and D2S KO mice. In addition, alcohol exposure resulted in decreased Akt phosphorylation selectively in D2L KO mice. Furthermore, the gene expressions of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), Arc and RETN were also selectively downregulated in D2L KO mice following chronic alcohol exposure. Our results indicated that an alteration in the expression of D2S vs. D2L had significant impacts on alcohol-induced reward and gene expression changes in the striatum. These findings suggest that the increased expression level of D2S to D2L may be a pathophysiological mechanism for developing alcoholism, possibly through triggering a cascade of changes in the cannabinoid-Akt signalling pathway and relevant signalling network.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70093","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145522207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Effect of Serotonin 5-HT2C Receptor Modulation on Binge Drinking and Alcohol-Seeking in Female Mice","authors":"Roberta G. Anversa,&nbsp;Linh Tran,&nbsp;Andrew A. Bolinger,&nbsp;Jia Zhou,&nbsp;Kathryn A. Cunningham,&nbsp;Andrew J. Lawrence,&nbsp;Erin J. Campbell","doi":"10.1111/adb.70099","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adb.70099","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Alcohol misuse remains a leading cause of preventable death worldwide, prompting research into novel pharmacotherapies for alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study investigated the therapeutic potential of full agonism or positive allosteric modulation of the serotonin 2C receptor (5-HT_2CR) in addressing alcohol binge drinking and seeking behaviours in mice. Using a drinking-in-the-dark paradigm and a context-induced reinstatement model following punishment-imposed abstinence, we assessed the acute effects of 5-HT_2CR ligands lorcaserin, CYD-1-79, VA012 and CTW0415 on alcohol intake and seeking behaviours in mice. Results showed that while lorcaserin effectively reduced both alcohol consumption and seeking behaviours, the 5-HT_2CR positive allosteric modulators (PAMs) did not significantly alter these behaviours over the range of doses examined. These findings suggest that 5-HT_2CR PAMs, at the tested doses, may lack intrinsic efficacy in modulating alcohol use. However, our lorcaserin data demonstrate that targeting 5-HT_2CR remains a valid approach to reduce behaviours associated with AUD.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12602058/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145490782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Insights on ‘Problematic Use of Short Video’: A Comprehensive Review Exploration in Psychological Context","authors":"Tongshu Li,&nbsp;Huafang Liu,&nbsp;Run Hu,&nbsp;Xiaolong Liu","doi":"10.1111/adb.70082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70082","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Problematic use of short video (PUSV) refers to a psychological dependency on short-video applications, characterized by an intense attachment and inability to control usage, resulting in typical addiction symptoms. Although PUSV shares similarities with substance addiction, its clinical presentation exhibits significant differences. Notably, the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5), and the International Classification of Diseases, 11th Revision (ICD-11), have not yet officially classified PUSV as an addiction disorder. However, the profound impact of short-video platforms on individuals' physical, mental and daily lives necessitates attention to PUSV. To enable more in-depth and standardized research on this issue, synthesizing and organizing existing studies on its theoretical foundations and mechanisms is crucial. This paper aims to integrate and evaluate existing research on PUSV from four perspectives: qualitative analysis, underlying mechanisms, negative effects and measurement tools, providing a more systematic understanding and approach to this emerging issue.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70082","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145443001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dysregulation of Central–Medial Amygdala Histone Modifiers in Preclinical Models of Ethanol Exposure","authors":"Kara A. Lamb,&nbsp;Alexander V. Margetts,&nbsp;Claude-Henry Volmar,&nbsp;Florence Bourgain-Guglielmetti,&nbsp;Claes Wahlestedt,&nbsp;Luis M. Tuesta","doi":"10.1111/adb.70095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/adb.70095","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This narrative review examines recent advances in understanding the epigenetic and transcriptional dynamics of the central–medial amygdala across different stages of ethanol use. It covers the various models and protocols of ethanol administration, emphasizing their strengths and limitations in helping understand ethanol-induced changes in brain and behaviour. The findings from protocols utilizing acute, chronic-intermittent ethanol (CIE) and chronic-continuous ethanol (CCE) exposure are summarized into a proposed mechanism of epigenetic dysregulation and neuroadaptation, spanning from initial ethanol exposure to withdrawal and its influence on gene expression and neuronal activity. This review also explores potential epigenetic targets for therapeutic intervention. Understanding the mechanisms that underlie histone remodelling during initial ethanol exposure, chronic exposure, and withdrawal has the potential to elucidate novel cessation strategies tailored to specific stages of alcohol use disorder (AUD).</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/adb.70095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145443000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extinction of Heroin Seeking Does Not Require the Infralimbic Cortex or Its Projections to the Nucleus Accumbens Shell or Amygdala","authors":"Matthew S. McGregor,&nbsp;Kelle E. Nett,&nbsp;Subhash C. Gupta,&nbsp;John A. Wemmie,&nbsp;Ryan T. LaLumiere","doi":"10.1111/adb.70092","DOIUrl":"10.1111/adb.70092","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Evidence indicates that the activity of the infralimbic cortex (IL), as well as its projections to the nucleus accumbens shell (NAshell) and amygdala, following an unreinforced lever press is critical for cocaine extinction learning and retention. It is unclear whether the same neural circuitry is involved in extinction encoding for other classes of addictive drugs, including opioids. In this study, we used a behaviour-controlled optogenetic approach in female and male Sprague–Dawley rats to examine the role of the IL and its projections in the extinction of heroin seeking. Rats first underwent 12+ days of 6- or 3-h heroin self-administration sessions, followed by 12 days of extinction training. Optogenetic inhibition of the IL, IL-NAshell or IL-amygdala pathway was given for 20 s immediately following an unreinforced lever press during the first 5 days of extinction. Unlike cocaine extinction, these manipulations had no effect on lever pressing during extinction training, nor on the retention of extinction learning, as assessed during the subsequent 7 days of extinction without optogenetic inhibition. These results suggest that the extinction of heroin seeking does not involve the same infralimbic mechanisms that are critical for the extinction of cocaine seeking. Although extinction learning did not differ by sex, analyses of self-administration data revealed that females self-administered more heroin than males in 3 h, but not 6 h, self-administration sessions, indicating session length-dependent sex differences in heroin taking.</p>","PeriodicalId":7289,"journal":{"name":"Addiction Biology","volume":"30 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-10-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12538630/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145337916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}