Diabetology最新文献

{"title":"Recent Advances in Psychotherapeutic Treatment and Understanding of Alexithymia in Patients with Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus Type 2","authors":"Filip Mustač, Tin Galijašević, Eva Podolski, Andrej Belančić, Martina Matovinović, Darko Marčinko","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040041","url":null,"abstract":"Alexithymia is the inability to describe one’s own feelings and is being increasingly researched. According to contemporary psychodynamic theories, negative emotions cannot be adequately named and externalized, but remain trapped in the body. Recent research shows the connection of alexithymia with numerous somatic diseases. Diabetes mellitus type 2 and obesity represent great challenges in treatment, and the psychological profiles in these diseases are being studied more and more often. Therefore, alexithymia enters the focus of some research as a factor that could play a significant role in these diseases, namely as the one that makes a difference. The aim of this paper is a review of the literature with the purpose of understanding the current knowledge about the interconnection between alexithymia, obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"124 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135810399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diabetes Mellitus—Digital Solutions to Improve Medication Adherence: Scoping Review","authors":"Nikol Georgieva, Viktor Tenev, Maria Kamusheva, Guenka Petrova","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040040","url":null,"abstract":"Medication adherence (MA) is a major problem. On average 50% of chronic disease management medications are not taken as prescribed While digital healthcare tools like mobile apps offer benefits such as informative messages and prescription management, they must be personalized and offer support across all medication phases to effectively address individual patient factors and optimize adherence, with room for further improvements. This scoping review examined the impact of digital health technologies on MA in adults with diabetes as well as their benefits and barriers. Using PubMed and Scopus databases, 11 out of 385 studies (2.86%) from January 2017 to August 2023 met the criteria for digital health interventions in diabetes MA, assessed through the Chronic Care Model. The Chronic Care Model (CCM) is a patient-centered, evidence-based framework designed to improve the care and outcomes for chronic illness patients, consisting of six core elements and enhanced by eHealth tools that facilitate self-management and support through digital innovations. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of digital health technology in improving medication adherence among adults with diabetes. Specific digital interventions, including mobile apps like Gather and Medisafe, SMS text messaging, telemonitoring, and tailored care management have demonstrated effectiveness in enhancing MA. These interventions have shown positive outcomes, including enhanced glycemic control and increased patient engagement. Some of the limitations, which these technologies face, are the poor usability, digital illiteracy among the patients, low rates of sustainability and low accessibility among the elderly population. Digital health technology shows promise in enhancing medication adherence among adults with diabetes, as revealed in this scoping review. However, ongoing research is necessary to fine-tune these interventions for improved outcomes and the overall well-being of individuals with diabetes. Additional improvement of the technologies and adaptation to the diverse population might be a good field for exploration.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135780031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Best Practices in the Use of Sodium–Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease for Primary Care","authors":"Jay H. Shubrook, Joshua J. Neumiller, Radica Z. Alicic, Tom Manley, Katherine R. Tuttle","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040039","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is the leading cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD), with nearly half of all cases of kidney failure requiring kidney replacement therapy. While attention is often focused on the profound effects kidney failure has on the quality of life, the principal cause of complications and death among patients with diabetes and CKD is cardiovascular disease (CVD). These risks are often underappreciated by both healthcare professionals and patients. Sodium–glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT-2) inhibitors were originally developed and approved as glucose-lowering agents for treating type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, agents within the SGLT-2 inhibitor class have since demonstrated robust benefits for CKD, atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), and heart failure (HF) outcomes. Specifically, dedicated kidney disease and HF outcome trials have shown markedly reduced rates of kidney failure, CVD and HF events, and death among people (with and without diabetes) with CKD. SGLT-2 inhibitors will be used by primary care clinicians, nephrologists, and cardiologists across a range of cardiovascular and kidney conditions and diabetes. Knowledge and awareness of the benefits and key safety considerations, and risk mitigation strategies for these medications is imperative for clinicians to optimize the use of these life-saving therapies.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135729819","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of Economic Evaluations of Insulin for the Management of Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Elvira Meni Maria Gkrinia, Andrea Katrin Faour, Andrej Belančić, Jacques Bazile, Emma Marland, Dinko Vitezić","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040038","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes is a chronic, metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia, which occurs as a result of inadequate production or utilization of insulin. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is the most common type of diabetes with estimates projecting a prevalence of more than 1 billion people living with T2DM by 2050. Hence, it was decided to conduct a systematic literature review of health economic evaluations of insulin, the most common medication used for the treatment of the disease, to inform policy. Pharmacoeconomic analyses, written in English and published after 2016, were considered for inclusion. PubMed/Medline, Global Health, Embase and Health Management Consortium were searched separately between 5 July 2023 and 17 July 2023. Grey literature articles were searched on ISPOR and the Cost-Effectiveness Analysis Registry during the same period. After the exclusion criteria were applied, 21 studies were included. Using the BMJ checklist, a quality appraisal was performed on all included studies. Data extraction was performed manually. Regarding evidence synthesis, data were heterogenous and are presented based on study type. The results showed a variety of treatment combinations being available for the treatment of diabetes, with insulin degludec/DegLira and semaglutide being cost-effective despite their high cost, due to the effectiveness of managing the disease. Research around the cost-effectiveness or cost-utility of insulin has potential to progress further, to ensure informed policy-making in the future.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"37 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135917803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Quality of Life of Caregivers of People with Type 2 Diabetes Estimated Using the WHOQOL-BREF Questionnaire","authors":"Vilma Kolarić, Valentina Rahelić, Zrinka Šakić","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040037","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes (T2D) poses a growing global health challenge, impacting patients’ and their caregivers’ well-being. This study investigates the influence of T2D complications on caregivers’ quality of life (QoL) using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire, accounting for factors like age, disease duration, and control. The research involved 382 T2D patients and 300 caregivers from Vuk Vrhovac University Clinic for Diabetes, Endocrinology, and Metabolic Diseases. The WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire assessed caregivers’ QoL across physical, psychological, social, and environmental domains. Complications, including retinopathy, neuropathy, and kidney disease, were examined for their effects on QoL. Patients’ age impact, gender differences, and disease duration were analyzed. T2D complications had varying impacts on different QoL domains. Caregivers of patients with multiple complications showed significant social functioning impairment. Those without complications reported lower psychological health. Age correlated with poorer physical health scores. Female caregivers rated higher in psychological and environmental health. Disease duration and T2D control had no significant impact on caregiver QoL. Caregivers’ concerns included medication adherence and worry about their partner’s health. This study illustrates the delicate interplay between T2D patients and caregivers, highlighting the multifaceted effects of chronic illness. Comprehensive healthcare techniques that address emotional and social components in addition to medical care are critical for improving the well-being of both patients and their caregivers. The findings contribute to a broader understanding of T2D care dynamics, advocating for empathetic and all-encompassing healthcare practices.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"249 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136208618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes with Lifestyle Interventions: Evidence vs. Reality","authors":"Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Freya MacMillan","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040036","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes is a serious global public health concern that affects every country in the world [...]","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Pilot Study on the Glucose-Lowering Effects of a Nutritional Supplement in People with Prediabetes","authors":"Thrasyvoulos Bemplidakis, Ioanna Eleftheriadou, Ourania Kosta, Konstantinos Tentolouris, Ioanna Anastasiou, Christina Agelaki, Dimitrios Lamprinos, Anastasia Papaioannou, Ioanna Kolovou, Vasiliki Kouka, Magdalini Bristianou, Leonidas Lanaras, Nikolaos Tentolouris","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040035","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Prediabetes is associated with a high risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Early treatment with exercise and dietary interventions can reduce the progression of prediabetes to diabetes or even lead to a return of glucose levels to normal. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of a dietary supplement with Portulaca oleracea and titrated Cistus creticus extract on the glycemic profile of people with prediabetes. Materials and Methods: Participants were assigned to a dietary supplement with Portulaca oleracea and titrated Cistus creticus extract, along with vitamins and minerals, received once daily for 90 days. Demographics and medical history were obtained, and a complete clinical examination, measurement of somatometric characteristics, and laboratory parameters were performed at baseline. The measurement of somatometric characteristics and laboratory tests were repeated at the end of the study. Results: A total of 26 people with prediabetes participated, 11 females and 15 males. There was a tendency for a decrease in HbA1c after intervention [baseline: 5.9 (5.7–6.1)%; at the end of the study: 5.7 (5.7–6.0)%, p = 0.062] and a significant decrease in fasting glucose levels (from 110.8 ± 7.0 mg/dL to 103.9 ± 10.3, p = 0.005). Fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) decreased significantly [baseline fasting insulin: 20.7 (9.3–34.20) μU/mL; at the end of the study: 15.1 (8.6–19.0) μU/mL, p = 0.028; baseline HOMA-IR: 3.6 (2.5–8.9); at the end of the study: 3.5 (2.0–4.6), p = 0.035]. Significant reductions were observed in alkaline phosphatase and uric acid levels. No significant change was observed in body weight, body mass index, or waist circumference after the intervention. No treatment-emergent adverse events were observed, and all participants completed the study. Conclusions: The dietary supplement from Portulaca oleracea and titrated Cistus creticus extract, along with vitamins and minerals, may improve the metabolic profile of people with prediabetes.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135245790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between Altered Thyroid Function and Prediabetes in Diet-Induced Prediabetic Male Sprague Dawley Rats","authors":"Malishca Pillay, Palesa Mosili, Akinjide Akinnuga, Ntethelelo Sibiya, Phikelelani Ngubane, Andile Khathi","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4030034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4030034","url":null,"abstract":"There is a correlation between the existence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and the development of thyroid disorders. Prediabetes is a progressive state of moderate insulin resistance that often precedes the onset of T2DM. However, the association between prediabetes and thyroid function is unknown. This study assessed changes in markers of thyroid function in diet-induced prediabetes. Twelve male Sprague Dawley rats (n = 12) were randomly assigned into two groups. Rats in the non-prediabetic (NPD) group were fed a standard rat diet, while rats in the prediabetic (PD) were fed a high-fat high-carbohydrate diet for 20 weeks to induce prediabetes. Thereafter, fasting blood glucose levels were measured. Plasma samples were assessed for triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), thyroxine peroxidase (TPO) antibody, insulin, and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) concentrations. The elevated blood glucose, HbA1c, and plasma insulin levels coincided with increased T3 and reduced T4 levels in the PD group when compared to the NPD group. There was also an increase in the concentration of TPO antibodies in the PD group. Additionally, there was a significant correlation between the thyroid hormone concentrations and HbA1c levels. In conclusion, these results indicated that there is a positive association between thyroid dysfunction and diet-induced prediabetes in rats.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135879062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patients’ Perspective on Barriers to Utilization of a Diabetic Retinopathy Screening Service","authors":"Bismark Owusu-Afriyie, Theresa Gende, Martin Tapilas, Nicholas Zimbare, Jeffrey Kewande","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4030033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4030033","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to determine the barriers to the utilization of diabetic retinopathy (DR) screening in Papua New Guinea (PNG). A list of patients booked for DR screening at Madang Provincial Hospital Eye Clinic (MPHEC) between January 2017 and December 2021 who had not been screened was retrieved, and the patients were invited to participate in the study. The data were collected using a structured questionnaire, and IBM Statistical Package for Social Sciences version 26 was used for the analysis. p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. One hundred and twenty-nine patients (37.4%) did not attend DR screening for the period under study. The study response rate was 80.6%. The mean ± SD age of the respondents was 51.5 ± 10.9 years. The majority of the study respondents were female (62.5%), people living in rural settings (53.8%), and farmers (22.1%). Time constraints, poor knowledge about DR, and long waiting periods at the DR screening center were the main barriers to the uptake of DR screening. Compared to respondents in urban communities, those in rural settings were significantly concerned about cost (p < 0.001), travel distance to the MPHEC (p < 0.001), and poor information about DR screening (p = 0.002). More than half of the respondents (63.5%) had discontinued using pharmacotherapy for DM. There is a high rate of nonadherence to diabetes (DM) and DR treatment in PNG. There is a need for public health campaigns about DM and strategic DR screening at the community level in PNG and similar countries.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135935458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfecting the Puzzle of Pathophysiology: Exploring Combination Therapy in the Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes","authors":"Ridhi R. Gudoor, A. Suits, Jay H. Shubrook","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4030032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4030032","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a debilitating, lifelong condition with a rising incidence. A wide variety of antihyperglycemic agents are available on the market to treat diabetes. However, the number of patients living with diabetes under suboptimal control remains relatively high. This calls into question whether the application of the current treatment standards is effective and durable to truly manage the disease well. This paper aims to highlight the various classes of antihyperglycemic agents from a pathophysiologic perspective and explore the best possible combination that can have a durable effect on diabetes management. To determine this, an eight-piece pathophysiologic puzzle was created, each piece representing an organ system affected by the disease—liver, pancreas (alpha and beta cells), muscle, adipose tissue, gut, brain, and kidneys. Choosing a combination therapy that is both durable and can effectively address all eight pieces of the puzzle can theoretically create sustainable ameliorating effects. This combination can potentially lead to reduced microvascular and macrovascular complications, as well as work towards creating an ideal long-term, affordable diabetes care plan.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75108626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}