IF 2.4

Diabetology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-21 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology5030027

KiBeom Kwon, Taylor A Brown, Juan C Arias Aristizábal, David G Armstrong, Tze-Woei Tan

{"title":"Outcomes for Patients with Diabetic Foot Ulcers Following Transition from Medicaid to Commercial Insurance.","authors":"KiBeom Kwon, Taylor A Brown, Juan C Arias Aristizábal, David G Armstrong, Tze-Woei Tan","doi":"10.3390/diabetology5030027","DOIUrl":"10.3390/diabetology5030027","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study investigates the outcomes of Medicaid beneficiaries with diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) who had transitioned to commercial insurance.Methods: We utilized the PearlDiver claims database to identify adult patients diagnosed with a new DFU between 2010 and 2019. The study cohort comprised 8856 Medicaid beneficiaries who had at least three years of continuous enrollment after DFU diagnosis. Medicaid beneficiaries who transitioned to Medicare during follow-up were excluded. Adjusted comparisons of outcomes were performed by propensity matching the two groups for age, gender, and Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) in a 1:1 ratio. We used logistic regression and Kaplan-Meier estimate to evaluate the association between insurance change (from Medicaid to commercial insurance) and major amputation.Results: Among the 8856 Medicaid beneficiaries with DFUs, 66% (n = 5809) had transitioned to commercial insurance coverage during follow-up. The overall major amputation rate was 2.8% (n = 247), with a lower rate observed in patients who transitioned to commercial insurance compared to those with continuous Medicaid coverage (2.6% vs. 3.2%, p < 0.05). In multivariable analysis, Medicaid beneficiaries who transitioned to commercial insurance had a 27% lower risk of major amputation (study cohort: odds ratios [OR] 0.75, 95% CI 0.56-0.97, p = 0.03; matched cohort: OR 0.65, 95% 0.22, 0.55, p = 0.01) compared to those with continuous Medicaid coverage.Conclusions: Transitioning from Medicaid to commercial insurance may be associated with a lower risk of major amputation among Medicaid beneficiaries with DFUs.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"5 3","pages":"356-364"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11525773/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142559626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diet Supplementation with Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Leaf Powder Exhibits an Antidiabetic Property in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats 饮食中添加迷迭香（Rosmarinus officinalis L.）叶粉对链脲佐菌素诱导的糖尿病雄性 Wistar 大鼠具有抗糖尿病作用

Diabetology Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology5010002

Zelipha N. Kabubii, J. Mbaria, P. M. Mathiu, John M. Wanjohi, Evans N. Nyaboga

{"title":"Diet Supplementation with Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) Leaf Powder Exhibits an Antidiabetic Property in Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetic Male Wistar Rats","authors":"Zelipha N. Kabubii, J. Mbaria, P. M. Mathiu, John M. Wanjohi, Evans N. Nyaboga","doi":"10.3390/diabetology5010002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology5010002","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder that has a high global health burden and causes high mortality and morbidity in humans. Medicinal herbs and plants offer a promising alternative to conventional therapies for the management of diabetes. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) is a traditional medicinal herb that has been used for the management of several diseases. Therefore, the present study investigates the antidiabetic properties of diets supplemented with R. officinalis leaf powder on streptozotocin-induced diabetic Wistar rats. First, the phytochemicals and 2,2-dephenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free-radical scavenging activity of aqueous R. officinalis leaf extract were determined. Streptozotocin-induced diabetic male Wistar rats were fed a diet supplemented with R. officinalis leaf powder (ROP) at 3%, 6%, and 12%, respectively, for 6 weeks. Investigations of food intake, body weight, rat relative organ weights, blood glucose, lipid profiles, creatinine, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were estimated according to standard procedures. The results show that ROP aqueous extract contains significant amounts of phenolics, flavonoids, and tannins, which exhibit in vitro DPPH free-radical scavenging activity. Based on an in vivo study, ROP reduced blood glucose levels in streptozotocin-induced diabetic animals (p < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with ROP in diabetic rats significantly (p < 0.05) lowered ALT, AST, bilirubin, creatinine, total triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels while increasing high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) when compared with the diabetic control group. Our findings demonstrate that a diet supplemented with R. officinalis leaf powder exhibits an antidiabetic potential with improved health outcomes, as demonstrated by the improved lipid and liver profile enzymes in our animal model.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"75 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139387215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Does the Efficacy of Semaglutide Treatment Differ between Low-Risk and High-Risk Subgroups of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Based on SCORE2, SCORE2-Diabetes, and ASCVD Calculations? 根据 SCORE2、SCORE2-糖尿病和 ASCVD 计算结果，2 型糖尿病和肥胖症患者的低风险亚组和高风险亚组之间的塞马鲁肽疗效是否存在差异？

Diabetology Pub Date : 2024-01-04 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology5010003

Martina Matovinović, Andrej Belančić, Juraj Jug, F. Mustač, Maja Sirovica, Mihovil Santini, Anja Bošnjaković, M. Lovrić, M. Lovrić Benčić

{"title":"Does the Efficacy of Semaglutide Treatment Differ between Low-Risk and High-Risk Subgroups of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity Based on SCORE2, SCORE2-Diabetes, and ASCVD Calculations?","authors":"Martina Matovinović, Andrej Belančić, Juraj Jug, F. Mustač, Maja Sirovica, Mihovil Santini, Anja Bošnjaković, M. Lovrić, M. Lovrić Benčić","doi":"10.3390/diabetology5010003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology5010003","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Diabetes is the primary contributor to cardiovascular disease risk, and when combined with obesity, it further underscores the significance of cardiovascular risk assessment. Methods: A retrospective study of 64 patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity on once-weekly subcutaneous semaglutide stratified by cardiovascular risk categories determined using the SCORE2/SCORE2-OP, SCORE2-Diabetes, and ASCVD score calculations. We compare the differences between groups (ASCVD: low + borderline + intermediate versus high-risk group; SCORE2/SCORE2-OP: low + moderate versus high + very high-risk group and SCORE2-Diabetes: low + moderate versus high + very high-risk group) in terms of change from baseline in body mass index (BMI) and HbA1c and weight loss outcomes. Results: Patients in the high-risk group, according to ASCVD risk score, had statistically better results in weight loss ≥ 3%, ≥5%, and ≥10% compared to ASCVD low + borderline + intermediate and without difference regarding HbA1c. According to SCORE2/SCORE2-OP, the high + very high-risk group had statistically better HbA1c and weight loss results but only for ≥5% versus the low + moderate risk group. Based on the score SCORE2-Diabetes, the high + very high-risk group had statistically significant better results in lowering HbA1c and weight loss but only for ≥5% versus the low + moderate risk group. Conclusions: To the best of our knowledge, this study represents the initial investigation linking glycemic control and weight reduction outcomes in individuals with T2D and obesity treated with once-weekly semaglutide stratified by cardiovascular risk categories determined using the SCORE2/SCORE2-OP, SCORE2-Diabetes and ASCVD score calculations.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"54 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139386732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for the Detection of Undiagnosed Diabetes Patients 用于检测未确诊糖尿病患者的机器学习模型比较分析

Diabetology Pub Date : 2024-01-03 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology5010001

S. Cichosz, Clara Bender, Ole Hejlesen

{"title":"A Comparative Analysis of Machine Learning Models for the Detection of Undiagnosed Diabetes Patients","authors":"S. Cichosz, Clara Bender, Ole Hejlesen","doi":"10.3390/diabetology5010001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology5010001","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Early detection of type 2 diabetes is essential for preventing long-term complications. However, screening the entire population for diabetes is not cost-effective, so identifying individuals at high risk for this disease is crucial. The aim of this study was to compare the performance of five diverse machine learning (ML) models in classifying undiagnosed diabetes using large heterogeneous datasets. Methods: We used machine learning data from several years of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) from 2005 to 2018 to identify people with undiagnosed diabetes. The dataset included 45,431 participants, and biochemical confirmation of glucose control (HbA1c) were used to identify undiagnosed diabetes. The predictors were based on simple and clinically obtainable variables, which could be feasible for prescreening for diabetes. We included five ML models for comparison: random forest, AdaBoost, RUSBoost, LogitBoost, and a neural network. Results: The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 4%. For the classification of undiagnosed diabetes, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) values were between 0.776 and 0.806. The positive predictive values (PPVs) were between 0.083 and 0.091, the negative predictive values (NPVs) were between 0.984 and 0.99, and the sensitivities were between 0.742 and 0.871. Conclusion: We have demonstrated that several types of classification models can accurately classify undiagnosed diabetes from simple and clinically obtainable variables. These results suggest that the use of machine learning for prescreening for undiagnosed diabetes could be a useful tool in clinical practice.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"24 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139388854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comorbidity of Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia among Hospitalized Patients in Los Angeles County: Hospitalization Outcomes and Costs, 2019–2021 洛杉矶县住院患者中 2 型糖尿病和痴呆症的合并症：2019-2021年住院结果和成本

Diabetology Pub Date : 2023-12-18 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology4040052

D’Artagnan M. Robinson, Dalia Regos-Stewart, Mariana A. Reyes, Tony Kuo, N. Barragan

{"title":"Comorbidity of Type 2 Diabetes and Dementia among Hospitalized Patients in Los Angeles County: Hospitalization Outcomes and Costs, 2019–2021","authors":"D’Artagnan M. Robinson, Dalia Regos-Stewart, Mariana A. Reyes, Tony Kuo, N. Barragan","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040052","url":null,"abstract":"Hospitalizations for diabetes and dementia can impose a significant health and economic toll on older adults in the United States. This study sought to examine differences in hospitalization characteristics and outcomes associated with diabetes and dementia, separately and together, using 2019–2021 discharge record data from the California Department of Health Care Access and Information. The sampled group were residents of Los Angeles County who were aged 50+ at the time of the study. The multivariable linear regression analysis showed that compared to those with no diabetes or dementia, patients with diabetes alone exhibited the highest total charges, while those with comorbid diabetes and dementia exhibited lower charges (p < 0.05). The multinomial logistic regression found that patients with comorbid diabetes and dementia had the highest odds of having a length of stay of 7+ days (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.49; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) = 1.44–1.53). A matched case–control analysis revealed that comorbid diabetes and dementia were associated with significantly lower odds of hypertensive disease than diabetes alone (Matched Odds Ratio = 0.81; 95% CI = 0.67–0.97). Collectively, these results highlight the complex factors that may influence the variable hospitalization outcomes that are common occurrences in these three distinct disease profiles. Study findings suggest a need to consider these complexities when developing policies or strategies to improve hospitalization outcomes for these conditions.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":" 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138964404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Global Trends in Risk Factors and Therapeutic Interventions for People with Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Results from the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform 糖尿病和心血管疾病患者风险因素和治疗干预的全球趋势：世界卫生组织国际临床试验登记平台的结果

Diabetology Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology4040050

Musawenkosi Ndlovu, P. Dludla, N. Muvhulawa, Yonela Ntamo, Asanda Mayeye, Nomahlubi Luphondo, Nokulunga Hlengwa, A. Basson, S. Mabhida, S. Hanser, S. Mazibuko-Mbeje, B. Nkambule, D. Ndwandwe

{"title":"Global Trends in Risk Factors and Therapeutic Interventions for People with Diabetes and Cardiovascular Disease: Results from the WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform","authors":"Musawenkosi Ndlovu, P. Dludla, N. Muvhulawa, Yonela Ntamo, Asanda Mayeye, Nomahlubi Luphondo, Nokulunga Hlengwa, A. Basson, S. Mabhida, S. Hanser, S. Mazibuko-Mbeje, B. Nkambule, D. Ndwandwe","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040050","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a comprehensive analysis of 898 clinical trials conducted between 1999 and 2023, focusing on the interplay of metabolic syndrome, cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D). This study draws upon data sourced from the International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP) until August 2023. The trials were predominantly interventional (67%) or observational (33%). A geographical distribution reveals that while the United States registered approximately 18% of the trials, other regions like Australia, the United Kingdom, and multicounty trials made substantial contributions. Most studies (84%) included both male and female participants, with adults aged 18 to 65 years predominantly represented. The trials aimed at treatment (21%) and prevention (21%), emphasizing the dual focus on addressing existing CVD risk and preventing its development. Notably, CVDs (29%), T2D (8%), and the coexistence of both (21%) constituted the primary conditions of interest. Key interventions encompassed lifestyle and behavioral modifications, dietary supplementation, and drug therapies, with metformin and statins leading in pharmacological treatments. Interestingly, additional interventions such as glucagon-like peptide-1 agonists and dipeptidyl peptidase IV inhibitors are gaining recognition for their potential in managing metabolic syndrome-related conditions. Moreover, the report highlights a growing focus on inflammation, body mass index, blood pressure, body weight, and major adverse cardiovascular events as primary outcomes. Overall, the study highlights the importance of ICTRP as the source of data for clinical trials targeting metabolic syndrome, CVDs, and T2D and the growing recognition of diverse intervention strategies to address this critical global health concern.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"32 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138587503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Could Microbiome Be the Common Co-Denominator between Type 2 Diabetes and Pancreatic Cancer? 微生物组可能是 2 型糖尿病和胰腺癌之间的共同致病因子吗？

Diabetology Pub Date : 2023-12-07 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology4040049

M. Golčić, Andrej Belančić

引用次数: 0

Importance of Dyslipidaemia Treatment in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Narrative Review 2 型糖尿病患者血脂异常治疗的重要性--叙述性综述

Diabetology Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology4040048

Dominik Strikić, Andro Vujević, D. Perica, D. Leskovar, Kristina Paponja, I. Pećin, I. Merćep

{"title":"Importance of Dyslipidaemia Treatment in Individuals with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—A Narrative Review","authors":"Dominik Strikić, Andro Vujević, D. Perica, D. Leskovar, Kristina Paponja, I. Pećin, I. Merćep","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040048","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a common metabolic disease characterised by insulin resistance and elevated blood glucose levels, affecting millions of people worldwide. T2DM individuals with dyslipidaemia have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). A complex interplay of risk factors such as hyperglycaemia, dyslipidaemia, hypertension, obesity, inflammation, and oxidative stress favour the development of atherosclerosis, a central mechanism in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular disease. Dyslipidaemia, a hallmark of T2DM, is characterised by elevated triglycerides, decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and the presence of small, dense low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles, all of which promote atherosclerosis. In this article, we have attempted to present various treatment strategies that include pharmacological interventions such as statins, ezetimibe, PCSK9 inhibitors, fibrates, and omega-3 fatty acids. We have also tried to highlight the pivotal role of lifestyle modifications, including physical activity and dietary changes, in improving lipid profiles and overall cardiovascular health in T2DM individuals. We have also tried to present the latest clinical guidelines for the management of dyslipidaemia in T2DM individuals. In conclusion, the treatment of dyslipidaemia in T2DM individuals is of great importance as it lowers lipid particle levels, slows the progression of atherosclerosis, and ultimately reduces susceptibility to cardiovascular disease.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"31 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138602477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Correction: Brandão Palma et al. Biological Evidence of Improved Wound Healing Using Autologous Micrografts in a Diabetic Animal Model. Diabetology 2023, 4, 294–311 更正：Brandão Palma 等人，在糖尿病动物模型中使用自体微移植改善伤口愈合的生物学证据。糖尿病学》2023 年第 4 期，294-311 页

Diabetology Pub Date : 2023-11-24 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology4040047

引用次数: 0

Sexual Dysfunction in Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—Sneak Peek on an Important Quality of Life Determinant 女性2型糖尿病患者的性功能障碍——一个重要的生活质量决定因素

Diabetology Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.3390/diabetology4040046

Marija Rogoznica, Dražen Perica, Barbara Borovac, Andrej Belančić, Martina Matovinović

{"title":"Sexual Dysfunction in Female Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus—Sneak Peek on an Important Quality of Life Determinant","authors":"Marija Rogoznica, Dražen Perica, Barbara Borovac, Andrej Belančić, Martina Matovinović","doi":"10.3390/diabetology4040046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/diabetology4040046","url":null,"abstract":"Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a multisystemic disease with a high global burden and chronic complications. Sexual dysfunction (SD) in patients with T2DM is an often-overlooked complication, despite its high impact on quality of life (QoL). Female sexual disorders can affect women of reproductive age as well as menopausal women. Proposed mechanisms are intertwining a variety of physiological, neurological, vascular, hormonal, and psychological variables. The impairment of sexual function has been linked to hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, neuropathy, and hormonal abnormalities. There are many different manifestations of female sexual dysfunction, such as insufficient sexual desire, diminished arousal, difficulty in eliciting orgasm, and pain during sexual engagement. Numerous studies have shown that the QoL of patients living with diabetes mellitus (DM) is lower than that of those without DM. SD in women with T2DM leads to deteriorated QoL. Treatment must be individualized based on the diagnosis and the sexual dysfunction as well as underlying medical, psychological, and interpersonal issues. The goal of modern medical care for patients living with diabetes is not to delay death but to improve their health and QoL. The present review article aimed to raise awareness about female sexual dysfunction in patients with T2DM and to provide an overview of its impact on QoL.","PeriodicalId":72798,"journal":{"name":"Diabetology","volume":"56 9","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136346594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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