Current research in ecological and social psychology最新文献_第7页

Prototypicality threat drives support for nativist politics in U.S. and U.K. elections 美国和英国选举中本土主义政治受到典型威胁的支持

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100080

Felix Danbold , Jesús Serrano-Careaga , Yuen J. Huo

{"title":"Prototypicality threat drives support for nativist politics in U.S. and U.K. elections","authors":"Felix Danbold , Jesús Serrano-Careaga , Yuen J. Huo","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recent research shows that increasing diversity due to immigration can lead members of dominant ethnic groups (e.g., Whites in America) to experience <em>prototypicality threat</em> – the concern that their claim to best represent their national identity may be lost. Here we examine the emotional and behavioral responses to prototypicality threat in the domain of politics. Across eight years, five studies, two nations, and four electoral contexts (White Americans’ support for Trump in the 2016 U.S. Presidential Election; White Britons’ support for the 2016 Brexit Referendum; White Americans’ support for Congressional candidates in 2018 U.S. Midterm Election; and White Americans’ support for a fictitious Congressional candidate in the 2022 U.S. Midterm Election), we show that prototypicality threat explains support for nativist policies and candidates. Furthermore, when those high in prototypicality threat see their favored nativist politics as victorious, they report lower anxiety and threat after the election. By demonstrating the role of prototypicality threat in support for nativist politics specifically, this work helps us understand how people respond to broad societal issues and suggests novel strategies for addressing politics hostile to immigrants.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100080"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41664998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Promoting the transfer of pro-environmental behaviours between home and workplaces 促进亲环境行为在家庭和工作场所之间的转移

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100143

Steve Cinderby , Jessica Roberts , Annemarieke de Bruin

{"title":"Promoting the transfer of pro-environmental behaviours between home and workplaces","authors":"Steve Cinderby , Jessica Roberts , Annemarieke de Bruin","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100143","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100143","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Promoting individual lifestyle changes towards pro-environmental behaviours (PEBs) has been one of the key strategies for tackling the climate crisis adopted by governments. Messaging to promote PEBs has been used in different contexts – most notably home and workplace settings; however, the message phrasing, opportunities, and motivations for adopting these behaviours can differ between locations. In this study, from a sample of working people, we investigate the sources and themes of PEB messages they remember. We then classify these based on their underlying motivations (egoistic, altruistic or biospheric). We compare these messaging prompts to those PEBs actually tried by participants and the factors leading to their successful or failed adoptions related to institutional or societal norms. Finally we explore what motivates and supports the transfer of adopted contextual PEBs between home and work. Our results highlight that messaging triggering a diversity of motivations may lead to the greatest adoption rates. For transfer of actions to be successful between contexts, both infrastructure and behavioural norms need to receive support for PEB changes to become habitual and ubiquitous.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100143"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41778691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

#WeDontWantRefugees: Mass-mediated contact, dehumanization, and support for Afghan refugee rights in Turkey # wedontwantrefues:大众媒介接触，非人化，以及对土耳其阿富汗难民权利的支持

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100133

Sabahat Cigdem Bagci , Sofia Stathi , Dilba Sağlam , Ekin Kösegil

引用次数: 2

Are negative frames equally sticky across cultural contexts? Exploring sequential framing effects with Arab participants in the UAE 负面框架在不同文化背景下是否同样具有粘性？与阿联酋的阿拉伯参与者探讨顺序框架效应

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100129

Alaa I. Itani آلاء إبراهيم عيتاني , Christopher W. Coleman , Rashed AlGhazali راشد الغزالي , Mohammad AlMalik محمد المالك , Aline da Silva Frost , Neda Fadavi ندى فدوي , Misha Imran ميشاء عمران , Katherine Weltzien , Sarah M. Yousef , Alison Ledgerwood , Angela T. Maitner

引用次数: 1

Regional traditional gender stereotypes predict the representation of women in the workforce in 35 countries across five continents 区域性的传统性别刻板印象预测了五大洲35个国家中妇女在劳动力中的代表性

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100138

Alexandra Goedderz , Jimmy Calanchini

引用次数: 0

From self-deprivation to cooperation: How Ramadan fasting influences risk-aversion and decisions in resource dilemmas 从自我剥夺到合作:斋月禁食如何影响资源困境中的风险规避和决策

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100152

Mostafa Salari Rad

{"title":"From self-deprivation to cooperation: How Ramadan fasting influences risk-aversion and decisions in resource dilemmas","authors":"Mostafa Salari Rad","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100152","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Across the world, many cultural and religious groups participate in collective deprivation rituals such as the Ramadan fast. It is not obvious why people willingly deny themselves sustenance for prolonged periods of time. Apart from the physical hardship, fasting may have psychological and behavioral consequences comparable to those associated with involuntary scarcity and poverty, including susceptibility to impaired cognitive performance or increased risk-aversion and delay discounting. In this paper I propose and investigate one explanation for communal fasting rituals, that it is associated with increased cooperation over common resources, in part, through increased risk-aversion. I test the two prongs of this hypothesis in a series of studies. Studies 1a–c investigate the relation between the Ramadan fast and risk-taking, finding lower risk-taking in fasters than non-fasters and during Ramadan than after. In a repeated measures design, Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 283) finds that in multiparty resource dilemmas, people make smaller requests from commons with unknown size during Ramadan than after, and this difference is associated with corresponding shifts in risk-taking, but not indices of trust or social preferences. I propose that collective deprivation rituals may have served an adaptive sociocultural function in times of scarcity when incomplete information about the availability of resources and other people's response could increase defection and threaten commons with rapid depletion. Along with implications for research into the psychology of fasting, rituals, and cooperation in resource dilemmas under uncertainty, these results demonstrate Ramadan's potential as a natural laboratory for cognitive and behavioral research.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49758925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Normative dehumanization and the ordinary concept of a true human 规范性的去人性化和一个真正的人的普通概念

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100155

Ben Phillips

{"title":"Normative dehumanization and the ordinary concept of a true human","authors":"Ben Phillips","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100155","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100155","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Recently, I presented evidence that there are two broad kinds of dehumanization: <em>descriptive dehumanization</em> and <em>normative dehumanization</em>. An individual is <em>descriptively dehumanized</em> when they are perceived as less than fully human in the biological-species sense; whereas an individual is <em>normatively dehumanized</em> when they are perceived as lacking a deep-seated commitment to good moral values. Here, I develop the concept of normative dehumanization by addressing skepticism about two hypotheses that are widely held by dehumanization researchers. The first hypothesis is that dehumanization is distinct from mere dislike and other non-dehumanizing attitudes. The second hypothesis is that dehumanization is an important predictor of intergroup hostility. Across four studies, I found evidence that normative dehumanization is distinct from mere dislike, and denials of ideal humanness. I also found that it is a unique predictor of intergroup hostility. These findings suggest that research into dehumanization and intergroup hostility will benefit from recognizing the distinction between descriptive and normative dehumanization.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100155"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49758926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Identifying bias in self-reported pro-environmental behavior 识别自我报告的环保行为中的偏见

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100087

Katharina Koller , Paulina K. Pankowska , Cameron Brick

{"title":"Identifying bias in self-reported pro-environmental behavior","authors":"Katharina Koller , Paulina K. Pankowska , Cameron Brick","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cresp.2022.100087","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Research on pro-environmental behavior (PEB) informs social policies and interventions, so the quality of PEB measurement is critical. Self-reported PEB measures in surveys often contain non-negligible measurement error that can bias estimates and lead to incorrect findings. Given the potential presence of error, we hypothesize that changes to the way self-reported PEB is measured might lead to systematic measurement errors that affect the validity of results. Study 1 (<em>N</em> = 951) showed that priming participants with related scales like environmentalist identity did not substantively change reported behavior (all <em>d</em>s ≤ 0.12). To investigate the possibility of overreporting without priming, Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 385) measured littering prevention behavior using the Unmatched Count Technique. A standard questionnaire format led to much higher reported behavior compared to the more anonymous covert condition, <em>d</em> = 0.53, and this effect appeared driven by participants who reported a stronger environmentalist identity. These results may help to explain some of the observed error in PEB measures. We suggest that researchers could reduce measurement bias with indirect questioning techniques.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100087"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49817222","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The economic well-being of nations is associated with positive daily situational experiences 国家的经济福祉与积极的日常情景经验有关

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100088

Gwendolyn Gardiner , Daniel I. Lee , Erica Baranski , David C. Funder

{"title":"The economic well-being of nations is associated with positive daily situational experiences","authors":"Gwendolyn Gardiner , Daniel I. Lee , Erica Baranski , David C. Funder","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>People in economically advantaged nations tend to evaluate their life as more positive overall and report greater well-being than people in less advantaged nations. But how does positivity manifest in the daily life experiences of individuals around the world? The present study asked 15,244 college students from 62 nations, in 42 languages, to describe a situation they experienced the previous day using the Riverside Situational Q-sort (RSQ). Using expert ratings, the overall positivity of each situation was calculated for both nations and individuals. The positivity of the average situation in each nation was strongly related to the economic development of the nation as measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). For individuals’ daily experiences, the economic status of their nation also predicted the positivity of their experience, even more than their family socioeconomic status. Further analyses revealed the specific characteristics of the average situations for higher HDI nations that make their experiences more positive. Higher HDI was associated with situational experiences involving humor, socializing with others, and the potential to express emotions and fantasies. Lower HDI was associated with an increase in the presence of threats, blame, and hostility, as well as situational experiences consisting of family, religion, and money. Despite the increase in a few negative situational characteristics in lower HDI countries, the overall average experience still ranged from neutral to slightly positive, rather than negative, suggesting that greater HDI may not necessarily increase positive experiences but rather decrease negative experiences. The results illustrate how national economic status influences the lives of individuals even within a single instance of daily life, with large and powerful consequences when accumulated across individuals within each nation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"4 ","pages":"Article 100088"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43186613","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic: Uncovering demographic and regional variation in the United States and associations with unemployment and depression COVID-19大流行期间的自杀:揭示美国的人口和地区差异以及与失业和抑郁的关联

Current research in ecological and social psychology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100144

Kodai Kusano , Ayse K. Uskul , Markus Kemmelmeier

{"title":"Suicide during the COVID-19 pandemic: Uncovering demographic and regional variation in the United States and associations with unemployment and depression","authors":"Kodai Kusano , Ayse K. Uskul , Markus Kemmelmeier","doi":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100144","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cresp.2023.100144","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The COVID-19 pandemic heightened risk factors for suicide globally. Using prominent sociocultural theories of suicide, we investigated whether the COVID-19 pandemic affected suicide rates differently across demographic groups and regions in the United States of America. In Study 1, we found that after 2020 suicide rates increased especially among young Black and Alaskan Native populations. Conditional process analyses were conducted to shed light on racial disparities in the temporal impact of unemployment on suicide from 2018 to 2021. The results showed that suicides among younger Asians and Blacks were affected by the surge in unemployment, whereas Whites, especially the older population, benefitted from the increased unemployment. In Study 2, we explored the regional variation in the temporal associations between suicide, unemployment, and depression across the 50 U.S. states from 2019 to 2021 taking into account pre-pandemic between-state conditions. Multilevel regression analyses showed that urbanism (characterized by low firearm proportion, high income, high cultural looseness, and high population density) but not social integration (characterized by low social capital, high collectivism, and high southerness), partially explained the regional variation in the temporal pattern of suicide rates. We also found that in states with already high depression levels, the temporal increase in depression predicted increases in suicide from 2019 to 2021, whereas it had minimal impact in states with low average depression. We emphasize the need for future theories to consider longitudinal designs and highlight two key takeaways: (1) the pandemic reshaped racial disparities in suicide, and (2) the temporal effects brought by the national crisis on suicide patterns depended on existing between-state differences.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72748,"journal":{"name":"Current research in ecological and social psychology","volume":"5 ","pages":"Article 100144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47828326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0