Complex psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Multivariate, Multi-Omic Analysis in 799,429 Individuals Identifies 134 Loci Associated with Somatoform Traits.","authors":"Christal N Davis, Sylvanus Toikumo, Alexander S Hatoum, Yousef Khan, Benjamin K Pham, Shreya R Pakala, Kyra L Feuer, Joel Gelernter, Sandra Sanchez-Roige, Rachel L Kember, Henry R Kranzler","doi":"10.1159/000551114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000551114","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Somatoform traits (e.g., health anxiety, somatic preoccupation, and bodily distress symptoms) are prevalent and pose challenges to clinical practice. Understanding their genetic basis could improve diagnostic and therapeutic approaches.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using available summary statistics, we conducted a multivariate genome-wide association study (GWAS) and multi-omic analysis of four somatoform traits - fatigue, irritable bowel syndrome, pain intensity, and health satisfaction - in 799,429 individuals genetically similar to European reference panels.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The GWAS identified 134 loci associated with a somatoform common factor, including 44 loci not significant in the input GWAS and 8 novel loci for somatoform traits. Novel loci were mechanistically informative, mapping to the <i>DNM1</i> gene and the protocadherin gene cluster (<i>PCDHA1-4</i>), which are involved in nociceptor sensitization and synaptogenesis, respectively. Gene-property analyses highlighted an enrichment of genes involved in synaptic transmission and enriched expression in 11 brain tissues and the pituitary. Across two brain transcriptomic datasets, we identified 16 high-confidence genes whose expression in enriched tissues was associated with somatoform traits. There was substantial polygenic overlap (76-83%) between the somatoform and externalizing, internalizing, and general psychopathology factors. Somatoform polygenic scores were associated with obesity, type 2 diabetes, and tobacco use disorder in independent biobanks. Drug repurposing analyses suggested potential therapeutic targets, including MEK inhibitors, while Mendelian randomization analyses indicated potentially protective effects of gut microbiota.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Consistent with emerging medical and genetic knowledge, somatoform traits have a shared etiology and considerable polygenic overlap with psychopathology. The biological insights from drug repurposing and Mendelian randomization analyses could provide promising avenues for treatment development.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"12 1-4","pages":"27-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13145244/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147846628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic Review of Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (<i>MTHFR</i>) 677C>T and 1298A>C Variants and Treatment-Resistant Depression: Insights for Precision Psychiatry.","authors":"Juliana Brum Moraes, Carlos Eduardo Coral Oliveira, Daniela Frizon Alfieri, Luísa Manfredin Vila, Nicoly Justino Euzébio, Edna Maria Vissoci Reiche, Sandra Odebrecht Vargas Nunes","doi":"10.1159/000548757","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000548757","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Treatment-resistant depression (TRD) is a major clinical challenge, affecting approximately one-third of patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). Genetic factors, particularly genetic variants in the <i>MTHFR</i> gene, have been implicated in antidepressant response variability. The <i>MTHFR</i> 677C>T (rs1801133) and 1298A>C (rs1801131) variants are associated with altered folate metabolism, increased homocysteine levels, and potential disruptions in neurotransmitter synthesis, which may contribute to TRD. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the association between <i>MTHFR</i> variants and TRD, exploring their potential role in predicting antidepressant response and guiding personalized treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic literature search was conducted following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO registration: CRD42024612628). Studies were included if they investigated <i>MTHFR</i> 677C>T and/or 1298 A>C variants in adults with MDD and assessed their association with TRD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven studies met the inclusion criteria, and the findings indicate a potential link between <i>MTHFR</i> 677TT and 1298CC genotypes and an increased risk of TRD. However, conflicting evidence exists, as other studies found no significant effect of the <i>MTHFR</i> variants on treatment outcomes. Variability in study designs, definitions of TRD, and confounding factors such as dietary folate intake and comorbidities contribute to inconsistencies in findings.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While evidence suggests a role for <i>MTHFR</i> variants in TRD, heterogeneity among studies limits definitive conclusions. Future research should standardize TRD definitions, control for confounding factors, and explore the integration of genetic testing into clinical practice. L-methylfolate supplementation may represent a promising adjunctive strategy for MDD patients carrying <i>MTHFR</i> risk variants.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"12 1-4","pages":"9-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12926969/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147286244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severe Anxiety, Stress, and Depression according to Life Satisfaction among Residents of Latin America.","authors":"Christian R Mejia, Aldo Alvarez-Risco, Jamil Cedillo-Balcázar, Víctor Serna-Alarcón, Dennis Arias-Chavez, Medally C Paucar, Tatiana Requena-Pastorelli, Shyla Del-Aguila-Arcentales, Neal M Davies, Jaime A Yáñez","doi":"10.1159/000549710","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000549710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Severe anxiety, stress, and depression can cause a significant problem, which affects the response to everyday situations and has an impact on life satisfaction; however, there are no published studies that evaluate this situation in Latin America. The aim of the study was to evaluate the association between severe anxiety, stress, and depression according to life satisfaction in Latin American residents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional, analytical, and multicenter study was conducted in Latin American countries, analyzing a database of people surveyed virtually. Anxiety, depression, and stress were measured with the DASS-21 test (Cronbach's alpha: 0.97) and life satisfaction with the SWLS test (Cronbach's alpha: 0.89). Descriptive and analytical statistics were obtained.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 2,002 respondents, 28% presented dissatisfaction with life, of which 34%, 25%, and 19% suffered from anxiety, depression, and anxiety in severe degrees, respectively. In the multivariate analysis, greater dissatisfaction with life was found in people with severe degrees of depression (PRa: 4.22; 95% CI: 3.14-5.67; <i>p</i> value <0.001), anxiety (PRa: 2.25; 95% CI: 2.04-2.48; <i>p</i> value <0.001), and stress (PRa: 2.77; 95% CI: 2.27-3.37; <i>p</i> value <0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The three severe states showed significant statistical correlations with life dissatisfaction, a factor that had not been previously measured in such a large population following the pandemic a few years ago. Health institutions in each country must consider this.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"12 1-4","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12888801/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146168122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychometric Properties and Factor Structure of the Arabic Translation of the Brief Negative Symptom Scale.","authors":"Anthony O Ahmed, Ons Maatouk, Shuquan Mark Chen, Ryan Schneider, Jewel Bell, Elizabeth Ramjas, Christopher Ceccolini, Karoui Mehdi","doi":"10.1159/000549173","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000549173","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The current study embarked on an Arabic translation of the BNSS and an examination of its psychometric properties in a Tunisian sample of inpatients and outpatients with schizophrenia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Care recipients with schizophrenia (<i>N</i> = 178) completed administrations of the A-BNSS, the Scale for the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS), Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS), Calgary Depression Scale for Schizophrenia (CDSS), and the St. Hans Rating Scale (SHRS).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The A-BNSS produced strong evidence for the reliability of the scale with Cronbach's alpha and interrater ICC estimates for the full measure and its subscales falling in the good to excellent range. The A-BNSS showed excellent convergent validity with large correlations of its full scale and subscale scores with the SANS and PANSS-negative symptom scores. The A-BNSS showed minimal correlations with PANSS-positive and emotional distress scores, CDSS depression, and SHRS extrapyramidal symptoms, suggesting strong discriminant validity. CFA favored a five-factor model consistent with the NIMH consensus domains.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study supports the robust psychometric properties of the Arabic translation of the BNSS rendering it promising for the assessment of negative symptoms in Arabic-speaking individuals with schizophrenia. Along with preexisting translations, this extension of the language repertoire of the BNSS would support cross-cultural deconstruction of the phenomenology of negative symptoms and outcome evaluation in global clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"142-154"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12659672/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developmental Selective GSK3α Inhibition Rescues Working Memory Deficits in a Mouse Model of Schizophrenia Predisposition.","authors":"Johannes Passecker, Chloe M Aloimonos, Aleksandra Dagunts, Florence F Wagner, David A Kupferschmidt, Joseph Gogos, Joshua A Gordon","doi":"10.1159/000547800","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547800","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by pronounced age-dependent emergence of learning and cognitive deficits, including working memory and anxiety-related symptoms. The deletion confers a 20-fold increased risk of a schizophrenia diagnosis, but there are currently no approved pharmacological therapies for this condition. We have previously shown that treatment with a glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK3) paralog-nonselective inhibitor during early postnatal development rescues working memory task acquisition in the <i>Df(16)A</i> ^<i>+/-</i> mouse model of the 22q11.2 deletion. However, GSK3 paralog-nonselective inhibitors are associated with significant toxicological side effects, limiting their therapeutic potential. Here, we build upon this work by testing a newly developed GSK3α paralog-selective inhibitor with less potential for toxicological challenges.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using the <i>Df(16)A</i> ^<i>+/-</i> mouse model, we evaluated the effects of GSK3α inhibition on spatial working memory and approach-avoidance behavior.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found that early postnatal GSK3α inhibition from postnatal day 7 (P7) to P28 restored spatial working memory performance in adult <i>Df(16)A</i> ^<i>+/-</i> mice under conditions of increased working memory demand. Additionally, we observed heightened exploratory behavior in <i>Df(16)A</i> ^<i>+/-</i> mice that was reverted to baseline levels by GSK3α inhibition in a genotype-independent manner.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Overall, we provide evidence supporting the feasibility and effectiveness of paralog-selective GSK3α inhibition-mediated rescue of cognitive function in a model of altered neurodevelopment.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"131-141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12659633/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145650196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of the Comprehensive Addiction Risk Evaluation System: Initial Participant Response to an Online Personalized Feedback Program Integrating Genomic, Behavioral, and Environmental Risk Information.","authors":"Danielle M Dick, Maia Choi, Emily Balcke, Fazil Aliev, Diya Patel, Kennedy Borle, Jehannine Austin","doi":"10.1159/000547783","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000547783","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We have made tremendous advances in understanding the etiology of substance use disorders (SUDs). Despite these advances, screening for SUDs has remained largely unchanged. In this paper, we describe an effort to build a program that integrates advances across genomics, developmental psychology, and epidemiology to provide individuals with personalized information about their addiction risk profile.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The program was developed based on foundational work from a NIDA-funded project that conducted multivariate analyses of externalizing phenotypes to advance gene identification for SUDs and then characterized how polygenic scores (PGS) and early life behavioral and environmental factors predicted SUDs in diverse longitudinal samples. Based on this work, we created PGS and a behavioral and environmental risk index to generate personalized risk profiles. We carefully considered ethical concerns when developing the program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We created a user-friendly, self-directed online platform that provides personalized risk information, including overall risk for developing an SUD based on an individual's combination of genetic, behavioral, and environmental risk, and specific information about genetic risk, based on PGS, and behavioral/environmental risk. Data from the first 188 participants enrolled in an ongoing study to evaluate the platform indicate high satisfaction and low distress at receiving genetic information.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Provision of personalized feedback about addiction risk factors, including genetic information along with behavioral and environmental feedback, may be a viable way to promote earlier screening and intervention with the goal of preventing substance use problems before they start.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"113-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12453580/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145132579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of Ptosis with Mental Health Conditions in Adults from a Large United States Research Database.","authors":"Jaffer Shah, Matthew Lin, Gabriella Schmuter, Kyle D Kovacs, Kyle J Godfrey","doi":"10.1159/000546894","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546894","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between blepharoptosis (ptosis) and the prevalence of mental health disorders in adults, including anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and substance use/addictive disorders.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Cross-sectional study using data from the National Institutes of Health's All of Us Research Program. The study included 4,411 adults diagnosed with ptosis and 4,411 propensity score-matched controls, matched by age, sex, race, education, and income. A 1:1 propensity score-matched analysis was performed, comparing adults with ptosis to matched controls. Logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders, including body mass index, elevated blood pressure, and blood glucose levels. Prevalence rates of anxiety, depression, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, and substance use/addictive disorders. The primary outcome was the association between ptosis and any mental health disorder.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Adults with ptosis exhibited significantly higher rates of mental health disorders compared to controls, including anxiety (46.8% vs. 28.9%), depression (44.9% vs. 27.8%), bipolar disorder (5.8% vs. 3.6%), schizophrenia spectrum disorders (1.8% vs. 1.1%), and substance use/addictive disorders (23.4% vs. 17.0%). The prevalence of any mental health disorder was significantly higher in the ptosis group (63.4% vs. 44.8%, <i>p</i> < 0.001). After adjustment, ptosis was associated with increased odds of any mental health disorder (aOR: 1.92, 95% CI, 1.76-2.10) and each specific mental health disorder.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Ptosis is associated with a significantly higher prevalence of mental health disorders, suggesting it may be an independent risk factor. Mental health screenings and psychosocial support should be considered for patients with ptosis. Further research is needed to explore causal mechanisms and stratify risk based on ptosis etiology and severity. This study may be subject to Berkson's bias, wherein individuals with ptosis may have more frequent health care encounters, increasing the likelihood of being diagnosed with psychiatric conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"94-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12227197/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Leveraging Natural Language Processing for Psychiatric Phenotyping from Spanish Electronic Health Records: Enabling the Investigation of Transdiagnostic Symptom Profiles at Scale.","authors":"Juan F De La Hoz, Clara Frydman-Gani, Alejandro Arias, Maria Perez Vallejo, John Daniel Londoño Martínez, Laura Mena, Ariel Seroussi, Susan K Service, Ana M Diaz-Zuluaga, Ana M Ramirez-Diaz, Johanna Valencia-Echeverry, Mauricio Castaño, Victor I Reus, Alex A T Bui, Nelson B Freimer, Carlos Lopez-Jaramillo, Loes M Olde Loohuis","doi":"10.1159/000546480","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Clinical notes in electronic health records offer valuable insight into the symptom profiles and trajectories of patients with severe mental illness (SMI). However, systematically extracting symptoms at scale remains a challenge, especially in languages other than English. We developed a light, accurate, and interpretable natural language processing (NLP) algorithm to extract psychiatric phenotypes from Spanish clinical notes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We selected a set of 136 core psychiatric phenotypes and annotated 4,000 clinical note sections (e.g., Chief Complaint, Plan; called \"documents\") and 240 complete visit notes (called \"entries\") from two psychiatric hospitals in Colombia: Hospital Mental de Antioquia (HOMO) and Clínica San Juan de Dios Manizales (CSJDM). For phenotypes meeting frequency and inter-annotator reliability thresholds, we developed three NLP algorithms (HOMO, CSJDM, and COMBINED) for phenotype extraction and context labeling (e.g., negation, family history, uncertainty). We evaluated performance at the document and entry levels, as well as across hospitals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Document-level performance at both hospitals was high (average F1 scores of 0.84 and 0.85). Moreover, on phenotypes meeting our document-level performance threshold of F1 ≥0.7, entry-level performance was high as well (average F1 of 0.75 and 0.78), as was the cross-hospital transportability of the algorithms (F1 of 0.75 HOMO-to-CSJDM and 0.77 CSJDM-to-HOMO). The COMBINED algorithm improved overall recall, without significantly decreasing precision (F1 of 0.78 and 0.77 on HOMO and CSJDM, respectively). The application of our algorithm for 50 high-performing phenotypes to the notes of 9,737 SMI patients highlighted the transdiagnostic nature of many core SMI phenotypes; 44/50 phenotypes were recorded in over 10% of patients across diagnoses. Multiple correspondence analysis further revealed variation in symptom space across diagnoses; while major depressive disorder and schizophrenia form distinct clusters, patients with bipolar disorder span the entire phenotypic spectrum.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our tool enables the systematic investigation of psychiatric symptoms from psychiatric notes, facilitating large-scale investigations in Spanish-speaking populations.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"99-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12266705/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144661151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prescription Opioid Medication Survey: A Tool to Collect Deep Phenotypic Data on the Multifactorial Pathways to Opioid Use Disorder in Clinical and Population-Based Cohorts.","authors":"Natasia S Courchesne-Krak, Anirudh R Chandrasekaran, Jean Gonzalez, Sevim B Bianchi, Vinh Tran, Eric O Johnson, Vanessa Troiani, John M Hettema, Murray B Stein, Hilary Coon, Anna R Docherty, Wade H Berretini, James MacKillop, Harriet de Wit, Carla Marienfeld, Abraham A Palmer, Sandra Sanchez-Roige","doi":"10.1159/000546389","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000546389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>We are in the midst of an opioid epidemic. In the USA, more than a third of the country knows someone who has died from an opioid overdose. Prescription opioids (e.g., oxycodone, hydrocodone, and fentanyl) are commonly used and misused, and it has been estimated that approximately 8-12% of individuals who misuse opioids will subsequently develop an opioid use disorder (OUD). While emphasis has been placed on understanding OUD and the associated adverse effects, there remains a critical gap in systematically characterizing the multifactorial pathways (e.g., behavioral, clinical, genetic, and socio-demographic characteristics) that contribute to the transition from initial use to misuse to OUD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address this gap, we introduce the Prescription Opioid Medication Survey (POMS), an online 120-item assessment that compiles multiple validated and standardized instruments. POMS is intended for individuals with any lifetime prescription opioid use. POMS captures various aspects of prescription opioid use including data on opioid use patterns, subjective effects (e.g., euphoria, nausea), problematic use, withdrawal, OUD, overdose, treatment history, and remission. It also addresses comorbid risk factors such as surgical history, chronic pain, other substance use disorders (SUD; e.g., nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, stimulants), other addictive behaviors (i.e., gambling, sexual behaviors, and gaming), and family history of SUD and other addictive behaviors. Mental health assessments, including screening for depression and anxiety, self-reports of eight psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders), and related mental health conditions (e.g., loneliness, suicide, trauma) are included, along with data on personality traits (e.g., risk-taking, delay discounting, wisdom) and socio-demographic factors. POMS is intended to be administered in clinical settings and large population-based cohorts, facilitating data collection that can enable discoveries to inform better prevention and intervention strategies for OUD.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>POMS offers a comprehensive tool for systematically capturing the multifactorial risk factors associated with opioid misuse and OUD, providing insights that can inform prevention and intervention strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"72-93"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12226013/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144577042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Caffeine Consumption, Psychological Distress, and Insomnia in a Cohort of Individuals with Depression.","authors":"Harry A McIntosh, Aleah J Borgas, Nisreen Aouira, Brittany L Mitchell, Jacob J Crouse, Sarah E Medland, Ian B Hickie, Naomi R Wray, Nicholas G Martin, Christel M Middeldorp, Enda M Byrne","doi":"10.1159/000545393","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000545393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Caffeine is a widely consumed psychoactive compound that can cause anxiety and sleep difficulties, in part due to genetic variation. We investigated the association between caffeine consumption, psychological distress, and sleep difficulties in a genetically informative cohort of individuals with a history of depression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Survey data and genetic information were sourced from the Australian Genetics of Depression Study (AGDS [<i>n</i> = 20,689, %_female = 75%, mean age = 43 ± 15 years]). Associations between caffeine consumption and symptoms of distress and sleep disturbance, as well as 9 genetic variants associated with caffeine consumption behaviour, were assessed using linear regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The highest consumers of caffeine reported higher psychological distress measured by the Kessler 10 scale (β = 1.21, SE = 0.25, <i>p</i> = 1.4 × 10^-6) compared to the lowest consumers. Consumption was associated with 2 genetic variants with effect sizes ∼0.35 additional caffeinated drinks/day between opposite homozygotes (<i>p</i> < 0.005). A deletion near <i>MMS22L/POU3F2</i> was associated with 10% increased odds of reporting caffeine susceptibility (OR = 1.1 per deletion [95% CI: 1.04-1.17], <i>p</i> = 0.002).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Higher rates of caffeine consumption were associated with higher levels of psychological distress, but not insomnia, in individuals with a history of depression. While the direction of causality is unclear, caffeine consumption may be a modifiable factor to reduce distress in individuals susceptible to mental health problems. Some of the previous findings of common variant associations with caffeine consumption and susceptibility were replicated.</p>","PeriodicalId":72654,"journal":{"name":"Complex psychiatry","volume":"11 1","pages":"37-49"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12043281/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}