处方阿片类药物调查:在临床和基于人群的队列中收集阿片类药物使用障碍多因素途径的深层表型数据的工具。

Complex psychiatry Pub Date : 2025-05-17 eCollection Date: 2025-01-01 DOI:10.1159/000546389
Natasia S Courchesne-Krak, Anirudh R Chandrasekaran, Jean Gonzalez, Sevim B Bianchi, Vinh Tran, Eric O Johnson, Vanessa Troiani, John M Hettema, Murray B Stein, Hilary Coon, Anna R Docherty, Wade H Berretini, James MacKillop, Harriet de Wit, Carla Marienfeld, Abraham A Palmer, Sandra Sanchez-Roige
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引用次数: 0

摘要

导言:我们正处于阿片类药物流行的时期。在美国,超过三分之一的人知道有人死于阿片类药物过量。处方阿片类药物(如羟考酮、氢可酮和芬太尼)被广泛使用和滥用,据估计,大约8-12%的滥用阿片类药物的人随后会患上阿片类药物使用障碍(OUD)。虽然重点放在理解OUD和相关的不良反应上,但在系统地描述导致从最初使用到滥用再到OUD的多因素途径(例如,行为、临床、遗传和社会人口特征)方面仍然存在重大差距。方法:为了解决这一差距,我们引入了处方阿片类药物调查(POMS),这是一项120项的在线评估,汇编了多个经过验证和标准化的工具。POMS适用于任何终身使用处方阿片类药物的个人。POMS捕获处方阿片类药物使用的各个方面,包括阿片类药物使用模式、主观效应(如欣快感、恶心)、问题使用、戒断、OUD、过量、治疗史和缓解等数据。它还涉及合并症风险因素,如手术史、慢性疼痛、其他物质使用障碍(SUD;如尼古丁、酒精、大麻、兴奋剂),其他成瘾行为(如赌博、性行为、游戏),以及SUD家族史和其他成瘾行为。包括心理健康评估,包括抑郁和焦虑筛查,八种精神疾病(焦虑、抑郁、双相情感障碍、精神分裂症、注意力缺陷/多动障碍、创伤后应激障碍、强迫症、饮食失调)的自我报告,以及相关的心理健康状况(如孤独、自杀、创伤),以及人格特征(如冒险、延迟折扣、智慧)和社会人口因素的数据。POMS旨在在临床环境和大规模人群队列中进行管理,促进数据收集,使发现能够为OUD提供更好的预防和干预策略。结论:POMS为系统地捕获与阿片类药物滥用和OUD相关的多因素危险因素提供了一个全面的工具,为预防和干预策略提供了信息。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Prescription Opioid Medication Survey: A Tool to Collect Deep Phenotypic Data on the Multifactorial Pathways to Opioid Use Disorder in Clinical and Population-Based Cohorts.

Introduction: We are in the midst of an opioid epidemic. In the USA, more than a third of the country knows someone who has died from an opioid overdose. Prescription opioids (e.g., oxycodone, hydrocodone, and fentanyl) are commonly used and misused, and it has been estimated that approximately 8-12% of individuals who misuse opioids will subsequently develop an opioid use disorder (OUD). While emphasis has been placed on understanding OUD and the associated adverse effects, there remains a critical gap in systematically characterizing the multifactorial pathways (e.g., behavioral, clinical, genetic, and socio-demographic characteristics) that contribute to the transition from initial use to misuse to OUD.

Methods: To address this gap, we introduce the Prescription Opioid Medication Survey (POMS), an online 120-item assessment that compiles multiple validated and standardized instruments. POMS is intended for individuals with any lifetime prescription opioid use. POMS captures various aspects of prescription opioid use including data on opioid use patterns, subjective effects (e.g., euphoria, nausea), problematic use, withdrawal, OUD, overdose, treatment history, and remission. It also addresses comorbid risk factors such as surgical history, chronic pain, other substance use disorders (SUD; e.g., nicotine, alcohol, cannabis, stimulants), other addictive behaviors (i.e., gambling, sexual behaviors, and gaming), and family history of SUD and other addictive behaviors. Mental health assessments, including screening for depression and anxiety, self-reports of eight psychiatric disorders (anxiety, depression, bipolar, schizophrenia, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, post-traumatic stress disorder, obsessive-compulsive disorder, eating disorders), and related mental health conditions (e.g., loneliness, suicide, trauma) are included, along with data on personality traits (e.g., risk-taking, delay discounting, wisdom) and socio-demographic factors. POMS is intended to be administered in clinical settings and large population-based cohorts, facilitating data collection that can enable discoveries to inform better prevention and intervention strategies for OUD.

Conclusion: POMS offers a comprehensive tool for systematically capturing the multifactorial risk factors associated with opioid misuse and OUD, providing insights that can inform prevention and intervention strategies.

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