Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology最新文献

{"title":"A Comprehensive Review on Preclinical Safety and Toxicity of Medicinal Plants","authors":"Madhav Nilakanth Mugale ,&nbsp;Kapil Dev ,&nbsp;Bhumika S. More ,&nbsp;Vaishali Sunil Mishra ,&nbsp;Kaveri R. Washimkar ,&nbsp;Kishan Singh ,&nbsp;Rakesh Maurya ,&nbsp;Srikanta Kumar Rath ,&nbsp;Debprasad Chattopadhyay ,&nbsp;Naibedya Chattopadhyay","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2024.100129","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2024.100129","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Globally, 80% people use plant-derived products for treating or preventing diseases. One prevalent perception about medicinal plants is that they are safe and devoid of adverse effects, however, approximately 1,50,000 plants contain toxic substances.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present review focuses on medicinal plant extracts/fractions toxicity assessments made in preclinical models by oral route.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Detail studies were searched from databases including PubMed and Google Scholar. A manual reference screening of the selected studies was done to identify relevant articles, with no language restriction being imposed at the time of searching.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The studies included were performed in rodents, and the test substances were administered orally. Our search revealed 33 widely used plants or products with significant toxicity, and phytochemicals from these plants have been summarized. Through a systematic review, we identified a plethora of medicinal plant extracts reporting safety and toxicity concerns.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In the future, preclinical toxicokinetic studies of herbs and the determination of their no-observed-adverse-effect levels are required for a complete safety assessment. Finally, the interaction of herbs with commonly used/over-the-counter drugs in terms of the latter's metabolic profile should be undertaken.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772371224000020/pdfft?md5=7124034f68873fcf876345ceda33a739&pid=1-s2.0-S2772371224000020-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139540018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of TCM Fumigation Using Dampness-and-cold-dispelling Formula Combined with Methotrexate and Leflunomide Treating Rheumatoid Arthritis with Cold-dampness Bi Syndrome","authors":"Du Yaoting ,&nbsp;Liu Lin ,&nbsp;Niu Zhenzhen ,&nbsp;Guan Xihong ,&nbsp;Zeng Bowen","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a chronic autoimmune disease, has a high incidence and disability rate, causing patients significant discomfort. Although several medicines can be effective, it is also associated with significant adverse effects. In contrast, fumigation as one of the most often used traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) external therapy has shown both efficacy and safety with less side effect. In light of this, we complement western medicine treatment with TCM fumigation therapy to improve patients' clinical efficacy, alleviate symptoms, and improve prognosis.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the therapeutic effect of TCM fumigation and western medicine combined therapy in treating RA patients with cold-dampness <em>Bi</em> syndrome.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A single-center, randomized, controlled study was designed. From January 2022 to December 2022, a total of 60 RA patients with cold-dampness <em>Bi</em> syndrome were enrolled in the study. The control group (30 cases) received conventional western medicine treatment with methotrexate for 4 weeks, while the observation group (30 cases) for 4 weeks received a combination of TCM fumigation treatment and conventional western medicine. The effects of the two groups were comprehensively compared, including the changes in TCM symptom scores and laboratory indicators, as well as the use of visual analogue scale (VAS) and health status rating scale (HAQ) before and after treatment.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The total effective rate of the observation group was 93.3%, which was significantly higher than that of the control group, which is 70% (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05). Before treatment, there were no significant differences in joint functional activity, pain visual analogue scale (VAS), health assessment questionnaire (HAQ-DI) and laboratory indexes between the two groups (<em>P</em> &gt; 0.05). After treatment, each group compared to their initial condition, respectively, showed major improvement of joint functional activity and significantly decreased VAS, HAQ-DI, and RA-related biomarkers (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05); inter-group comparison of these indicators showed significanty further enhanced effect of TCM fumigation combined therapy on the RA-related biomarkers and joint functional activity of patients (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05), yet the control group receiving only western medicine showed better results of the VAS and HAQ-DI .</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The TCM fumigation combined therapy is effective to treat RA patients with cold-dampness <em>Bi</em> syndrome,.and to enhance their life quality, improving the joint function, and reducing inflammation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772371223000487/pdfft?md5=300c6f1267d69df0524b55d7cda8c0f6&pid=1-s2.0-S2772371223000487-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139014860","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"LC-MS identification and preliminary pharmacological study of the aqueous and ethanol extracts from Combretum glutinosum Perr ex DC. (Combretaceae)","authors":"Placide Mahougnan Toklo ,&nbsp;Mathias Amour Ahomadegbe ,&nbsp;Durand Dah-Nouvlessounon ,&nbsp;Jean-Bosco Jouda ,&nbsp;Billy Toussie Tchegnitegni ,&nbsp;Steven Collins Njonte Wouamba ,&nbsp;Djidénou Ahoton ,&nbsp;Mahoudo Fidèle Assogba ,&nbsp;Joseph Tchamgoue ,&nbsp;Bruno Ndjakou Lenta ,&nbsp;Simeon Fogue Kouam ,&nbsp;Lamine Baba-Moussa ,&nbsp;Eléonore Chikani Yayi Ladekan ,&nbsp;Joachim Djimon Gbenou","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100106","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100106","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p><em>Combretum glutinosum</em> is a plant whose leaves are consumed as a vegetable and used in traditional medicine for the treatment of microbial infections.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present study was designed to identify the compounds in <em>C. glutinosum</em> leaves extracts, and evaluate its antimicrobial activity, antioxidant ability and its toxicity in <em>Artemia salina</em> larvae <em>in vitro</em>.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The aqueous and ethanol extracts obtained from the leaves of the plant as well as known compounds previously isolated and characterized from the leaves of <em>C. glutinosum</em> were tested on eleven different microbial strains. The antioxidant activity of the extracts was evaluated by the Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power method and the larval toxicity on <em>Artemia salina</em> larvae was also detected. Phytochemical screening and HPLC-DAD-HRESI-MS analysis were performed on the extracts to characterize its chemical composition.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>When tested at a concentration of 20 mg‧mL⁻¹, the extracts of <em>C. glutinosum</em> leaves strongly inhibited the growth of the bacterial strains with an inhibition diameter ranging from 7.25 mm to 44 mm, superior to those of the positive controls (tetracycline at 30 µg‧mL⁻¹ and amikacin at 30 µg‧mL⁻¹), inhibition diameters from 15 mm to 33 mm. The evaluated larval toxicity demonstrated that it had no harmful effects on <em>Artemia salina</em> larvae. The extracts present a good antioxidant activity at a concentration of 0.17 and 1.33 mmol ascorbic acid (per gram of extract) for the aqueous and ethanol extracts, respectively. However, none of the compounds tested at 500 µg‧mL⁻¹ were able to show good activity on the 11 reference strains. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of alkaloids, polyphenols, steroids, triterpenoids, reducing compounds etc. in both extracts. The HPLC-DAD-HRESI-MS analyses revealed 18 compounds in the ethanol extract, from which 3 were identified, 15 compounds in the aqueous extract from which 5 could be identified.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The present work has shown that <em>C. glutinosum</em> extracts can be a good source of antimicrobial agents. They also possess the antioxidant property with absence of toxicity on <em>A. salina</em> larvae. A further bio-guided study could allow the identification and isolation of the active ingredients.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45625544","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Ningxin-Yishen Formula on D-galactose-induced Premature Ovarian Insufficiency Mice by Inhibiting p53","authors":"Jiawen Ma ,&nbsp;Zaiyang Zhang ,&nbsp;Xin Yan ,&nbsp;Cenglin Xu ,&nbsp;Yizhou Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2022.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2022.100068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The prevalence of premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is gradually increasing, safer and more effective treatments are urgently needed.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of Ningxin-Yishen formula (NXYSF) on D-galactose-induced POI mice as well as to shed a light on its potential mechanisms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Six to eight weeks old female C57BL/6 mice were used in this study and randomly divided into six groups: control group; model group; estradiol valerate (EV) treatment group and NXYSF treatment group with graded doses (9.5, 19, and 38 g·kg⁻¹/d). Both EV and NXYSF treatments were initiated at the 15th day of modeling and lasted for 28 days. Afterwards, the ovarian function was evaluated in each group by analyzing the proportion of primordial follicles as well as the serum sex hormone levels. Furthermore, network pharmacology approach was performed to elucidate the potential targets of NXYSF, which was verified through western blotting experiments finally.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>NXYSF could significantly reverse the inefficiency of weight gain caused by POI, and promote the development of primordial follicles. In addition, it could restore the abnormal serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), estradiol (E₂), luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Moreover, some crucial key gene targets including <em>TP53</em> were as propose to be relate with the effect of NXYSF through network pharmacology analysis. Last but importantly, western blotting experiments confirmed that NXYSF could inhibit the expression of p53 protein in mouse ovaries.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Our findings proposed that NXYSF might be an effective alternative treatment for POI.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47526149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antihyperuricemic and Nephroprotective Effects of the Total Flavonoids from Carya cathayensis Leaves (CCTF) in Potassium Oxonate/hypoxanthine-induced Hyperuricemic Mice","authors":"Jiahui Hao,&nbsp;Fangmei Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100104","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100104","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Abnormally high level of uric acid in the blood, defined as hyperuricemia (HUA), increases the chance of developing various disorders, such as gout, hypertension, and diabetes. There is a critical need to create safer and more potent therapeutic medications since the current clinical treatment for HUA has a number of negative effects.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To explore the antihyperuricemic benefits of the total flavonoids from <em>Carya cathayensis</em> leaves (CCTF) in HUA model mice and to elucidate the underlying mechanisms.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The mouse HUA model was induced with potassium oxonate and hypoxanthine and then the mice were given normal saline, allopurinol, or various dosages of CCTF for one week. The weight of the mice was recorded, followed by measurements of their blood uric acid (UA), creatinine (Cr), urea nitrogen (BUN), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity. Hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E) staining and Manson staining were used to simultaneously detect pathological abnormalities in the liver and kidney tissues. Afterward, the mRNA expression of urate transporters in kidney was determined by qRT‒PCR experiments, including ATP-binding cassette transporter subfamily G member 2 (<em>Abcg2</em>), urate transporter 1 (<em>Urat1</em>), and glucose transporter 9 (<em>Glut9</em>). Finally, immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to confirm ABCG2 protein expression in the kidney.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In contrast to the model group, the CCTF group lowered blood levels of UA, Cr, BUN, ALT, and AST in serum, downregulated XOD levels in serum and liver, and significantly improved liver and renal damage, exhibiting outstanding antihyperuricemic effects. The levels of <em>Urat1</em> and <em>Glut9</em> were further shown to be much lower in the kidney, whereas both <em>Abcg2</em> expression and ABCG2 level were increased, according to the findings.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>CCTF ameliorated hyperuricemia-related kidney damage and had antihyperuricemic effects, suggesting that CCTF might have the potential to protect against HUA by regulating the expression of relative urate transporters and XOD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49515778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antiviral Drugs (Synthetic Small Molecule Inhibitors and Nature Drugs) Against EV71 in Enteroviruses: Advances and Perspectives","authors":"Yuwei Liu ,&nbsp;Yuan Xi ,&nbsp;Likai Ji ,&nbsp;Quan Shen ,&nbsp;Wen Zhang ,&nbsp;Mengzhu Xue","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100099","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100099","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major virus that causes hand-foot-mouth disease. In cases of infants and young children, EV71 infection has been associated with severe neurological disease and potentially fatal systemic complications. The sporadic outbreak worldwide is increasingly prevalent in the Asia-Pacific region, where it has become a major public health concern.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>No specific antiviral drugs are currently approved for the treatment of EV71 infection. The purpose of this study is to comprehensively review the research progress of anti-EV71 drugs (synthetic small molecule inhibitors and nature drugs) in the past twenty years, and further to promote the research and development of antiviral drugs against enterovirus infection.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study reviewed the drugs on anti EV71 in the past decades. The literature search in PubMed database was conducted for original studies and review articles on drugs against enterovirus 71. Related articles published in English were selected for study and discussion.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>As reviewed in this paper, bioactive molecules include receptor analogues, protease inhibitors, natural drugs derived from traditional chinese medicine or natural medicine. These bioactive molecules have shown significant effectiveness in inhibiting the entry and replication of EV71 <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> experiments.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This review demonstrated that the entry receptor of EV71 into host cells has been studied, and receptor drugs against enterovirus have been made some progress, but most receptor analogues have not been reported. Further research is needed in this area in the future. On the other hand, the protease inhibitors have always been a major aspect of anti-enterovirus research and can be developed as antiviral agents for clinical application. In terms of natural drugs, many monomers derived from traditional chinese medicine or natural medicine have good antiviral activity and little toxic and side effects on host cells, but in view of their multi-target properties, the mechanism of drug action needs to be further studied.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100099"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46969190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Notoginsenoside R1 Protects against Diabetic Nephropathy through TXNIP-NLRP3 Signaling Pathway","authors":"Chunting Zhang ,&nbsp;Renyikun Yuan ,&nbsp;Siyuan Li ,&nbsp;Guodong Huang ,&nbsp;Kaili Sun ,&nbsp;Jiaping Pan ,&nbsp;Qiuxia Liu ,&nbsp;Xiang Gao ,&nbsp;Zhijing Wang ,&nbsp;Tongyu Li ,&nbsp;Shilong Lu ,&nbsp;Jianzhen Lv ,&nbsp;Liting Huang ,&nbsp;Hongwei Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100100","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100100","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus (DM). DN results from many factors, including changes in glomerular hemodynamics, oxidative stress and inflammation, and interstitial fibrosis and tubular atrophy. <em>Panax notoginseng</em>, a commonly used Chinese medicine, has been used in the treatment of kidney disease. Notoginsenoside R1 (NGR1), the main compound isolated from <em>P. notoginseng</em>, has been reported to have a renoprotective role in DN. However, the therapeutic effect and mechanism of NGR1 in DN remain unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effect and mechanism of NGR1 in DN.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>In this study, mouse podocytes (MPC-5 cells) and <em>db/db</em> mice were used to investigate the effect of NGR1 on DN <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em>, respectively. Blood glucose, renal function, inflammatory factors, and PI3K/AKT-Nrf2-NLRP3 signaling pathway proteins were assessed.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The study results indicated that NGR1 reversed cell viability induced by high glucose (HG, 30 mM). The related mechanism results showed that NGR1 decreased oxidative stress by inhibiting reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and upregulating the expression of Nrf2, NQO1, and HO-1 via TXNIP targeting. In addition, NLRP3 inflammasome and PI3K/AKT were engaged in NGR1-based protection against HG-stimulated podocytes. In <em>db/db</em> mice, NGR1 significantly decreased blood glucose, urine protein, urine output, blood urea nitrogen, and other parameters as well as reversed kidney injury by inhibiting oxidative stress and proinflammatory response.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Taken together, this study revealed that NGR1 exerted a significant therapeutic effect on DN both <em>in vitro</em> and <em>in vivo</em> via a mechanism related to the TXNIP-Nrf2 pathway and NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that NGR1 is a potential therapeutic option for DN.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45657692","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Phytochemical Loaded Nanovehicles of Biopolymer for Breast Cancer: A Systemic Review","authors":"Vivek P. Chavda ,&nbsp;Suneetha Vuppu ,&nbsp;Rajashri Bezbaruah ,&nbsp;Lakshmi Vineela Nalla ,&nbsp;Siva Nageswara Rao Gajula ,&nbsp;Pankti C. Balar ,&nbsp;Toshika Mishra ,&nbsp;Nikita Sharma ,&nbsp;Sathvika Kamaraj ,&nbsp;Thushar Suresh ,&nbsp;Anand Sairam ,&nbsp;Bedanta Bhattacharjee","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies affecting women worldwide, emphasizing the need for effective therapeutic strategies. Phytochemicals derived from plants have gained significant attention due to their potential anticancer properties.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This review aims to comprehensively assess the existing literature on using phytochemical-loaded formulations as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer. By analyzing the available evidence, we aim to determine the potential benefits and limitations of these formulations in terms of their anticancer activity, bioavailability, and safety.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A systematic search of relevant databases was conducted to identify studies investigating phytochemical-loaded formulations in the context of breast cancer treatment. The inclusion criteria encompassed clinical trials, preclinical studies, and <em>in-vitro</em> experiments that reported using phytochemicals in various formulations for breast cancer treatment. Data extraction was performed to ensure the reliability and validity of the included studies.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The review highlights the diverse range of phytochemicals used in different formulations for breast cancer treatment. Findings suggest that these formulations exhibit promising anticancer effects by targeting multiple signaling pathways in breast cancer progression, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, angiogenesis, and metastasis. Moreover, various delivery systems, such as nanoparticles, liposomes, and micelles, have enhanced phytochemicals' bioavailability and targeted delivery.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Phytochemical-loaded formulations hold immense potential as a therapeutic approach for breast cancer treatment. The reviewed evidence indicates their ability to inhibit tumor growth, enhance chemotherapy effectiveness, and reduce adverse effects. However, further research is warranted to optimize the formulation strategies, investigate the long-term safety profiles, and conduct large-scale clinical trials to establish their efficacy and applicability in clinical settings. These findings contribute to developing novel phytochemical-based therapies for breast cancer, offering new avenues for personalized and targeted treatment options.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2772371223000360/pdfft?md5=44245db7f64e6245f8309d4ff7af3a86&pid=1-s2.0-S2772371223000360-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92046229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zingiber officinale (Ginger) Methanol Extract Abates Kidney Dysfunction in Mice Co-exposed to Sub-chronic Alcohol Intoxication and Post-traumatic Stress Disorder","authors":"Olusegun G. Adebayo ,&nbsp;Benneth Ben-Azu ,&nbsp;Egwonor Akpofure ,&nbsp;Modo U. Emmanuel ,&nbsp;Iheanyichukwu Wopara ,&nbsp;Wadioni Aduema ,&nbsp;Lawrence Dayo Adedayo ,&nbsp;Jude Ijuo Abeje","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Increasing number of people globally gives in to indiscriminate consumption of excess alcohol as a coping mechanism to relieve any form of physical or psychological stress. Previously, ethnomedicinal use of <em>Zingiber officinale</em> Roscoe (Ginger) have been shown to exhibit broad range of pharmacological benefits but no data has reported the phytotherapeutic treatment of <em>Zingiber officinale</em> methanol extract (MEZO) on alcohol-use disorder (AUD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD)-induced oxidative and inflammatory stress relevant to disruption of kidney functions in animal model.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>To investigate the protective effect of MEZO on kidney-oxidative and inflammatory biomarkers in sub-chronic alcohol exacerbation of PTSD symptoms in mice.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Male Swiss mice were administered 30% ethanol for two weeks and thereafter introduced to single prolonged stress to induce AUD and PTSD respectively prior to post-treatment with MEZO and vitamin C. Markers of oxidative stress, inflammatory cytokines, kidney functions, HPA-axis signaling molecules, vasodilator substance, and histopathology of the kidney were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Sub-chronic alcohol intoxication heightened PTSD-induced oxido-inflammatory stress, altered the kidney function indices and HPA-axis, and reduced nitric oxide production, which were ameliorated by the phytotherapeutic treatment with MEZO. Furthermore, severe degeneration and atrophy of renal tubules were observed. Meanwhile, MEZO interventions strongly abated all these effects.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Herein, the study shows that phytotherapeutic treatment with MEZO prevents the damaging effects of co-exposure to sub-chronic alcohol intoxication and PTSD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100116"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49751685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"AG8 Reduces Hypoxia-induced Triple Negative Breast Cancer Metastasis by Stemness Regulation","authors":"Lihua Mu ,&nbsp;Yuan Hu ,&nbsp;Hong Yan ,&nbsp;Rui Jing ,&nbsp;Ping Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccmp.2023.100115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>AG8, a triterpenoid saponin isolated from <em>Ardisia gigantifolia</em> Stapf., our previous studies found that AG8 inhibited the proliferation of triple negative breast cancers (TNBCs) by including ROS generation and triggering mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. Cancer stem cells (CSCs) capable of maintain relatively low levels of ROS, are vulnerable to the interference of redox state. Compounds capable of generating ROS can affect the finely balanced redox state of CSCs and have potency to selectively kill them.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>We selected BT-549 which is most sensitive to AG8 to further study the effects of AG8 on hypoxia-induced proliferation, metastasis and CSCs.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The hypoxia condition was simulated by CoCl₂ and cell viability assay of BT-549 cells was performed using MTT. Stemness phenotype were identified using breast CSCs marker (CD24⁻/low/CD44⁺) and mammosphere formation assay. Cell motility was determined via the wound healing assay and transwell migration. Protein levels of HIF1-α, Oct-4, SOX-2, c-MYC were tested by western blotting.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>In this study, AG8 showed significant cytotoxic effects on BT-549 triple negative breast cancer cells, but the effects were impaired by HIF1 activation. AG8 inhibited the hypoxia-induced migration and invasion of BT-549 cells. Further studies revealed that hypoxia-induced increases of CD44⁺CD24⁻/low and mammosphere population were significantly inhibited by AG8 dose-dependently. Moreover, AG8 decreased the Oct-4 and SOX-2 protein expression without affecting HIF1-α and c-MYC. AG8 significantly inhibited BT-549 xenograft tumors growth in BALB/c nude mice comparing with that of the control group.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>In summary, AG8 inhibited hypoxia-induced cell migration and invasion through stemness regulations, indicating novel mechanisms for the antitumor effects of AG8 against triple negative breast cancer.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":72608,"journal":{"name":"Clinical complementary medicine and pharmacology","volume":"4 1","pages":"Article 100115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49724342","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}