Cholesterol最新文献_第8页

Comparative Structures and Evolution of Vertebrate Carboxyl Ester Lipase (CEL) Genes and Proteins with a Major Role in Reverse Cholesterol Transport. 在逆向胆固醇转运中起主要作用的脊椎动物羧基酯脂肪酶(CEL)基因和蛋白质的比较结构和进化。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-21 DOI: 10.1155/2011/781643

Roger S Holmes, Laura A Cox

{"title":"Comparative Structures and Evolution of Vertebrate Carboxyl Ester Lipase (CEL) Genes and Proteins with a Major Role in Reverse Cholesterol Transport.","authors":"Roger S Holmes, Laura A Cox","doi":"10.1155/2011/781643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/781643","url":null,"abstract":"Bile-salt activated carboxylic ester lipase (CEL) is a major triglyceride, cholesterol ester and vitamin ester hydrolytic enzyme contained within pancreatic and lactating mammary gland secretions. Bioinformatic methods were used to predict the amino acid sequences, secondary and tertiary structures and gene locations for CEL genes, and encoded proteins using data from several vertebrate genome projects. A proline-rich and O-glycosylated 11-amino acid C-terminal repeat sequence (VNTR) previously reported for human and other higher primate CEL proteins was also observed for other eutherian mammalian CEL sequences examined. In contrast, opossum CEL contained a single C-terminal copy of this sequence whereas CEL proteins from platypus, chicken, lizard, frog and several fish species lacked the VNTR sequence. Vertebrate CEL genes contained 11 coding exons. Evidence is presented for tandem duplicated CEL genes for the zebrafish genome. Vertebrate CEL protein subunits shared 53-97% sequence identities; demonstrated sequence alignments and identities for key CEL amino acid residues; and conservation of predicted secondary and tertiary structures with those previously reported for human CEL. Phylogenetic analyses demonstrated the relationships and potential evolutionary origins of the vertebrate CEL family of genes which were related to a nematode carboxylesterase (CES) gene and five mammalian CES gene families.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2011 ","pages":"781643"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2011/781643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30319268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 25

The Effects of Very-Low-Calorie Diets on HDL: A Review. 极低热量饮食对高密度脂蛋白的影响:综述

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-12-22 DOI: 10.1155/2011/306278

Catherine Rolland, Iain Broom

引用次数: 18

Prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients receiving health checkups: a hospital-based study. 接受健康检查的患者中血脂异常的患病率:一项基于医院的研究

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-10-26 DOI: 10.1155/2011/314234

Kao-Chi Cheng, Yu-Lung Chen, Shih-Wei Lai

引用次数: 5

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in urban India. 印度城市代谢综合征的患病率。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-05-19 DOI: 10.1155/2011/920983

Apurva Sawant, Ranjit Mankeshwar, Swarup Shah, Rani Raghavan, Gargi Dhongde, Himanshu Raje, Shoba D'souza, Aarti Subramanium, Pradnya Dhairyawan, Seema Todur, Tester F Ashavaid

{"title":"Prevalence of metabolic syndrome in urban India.","authors":"Apurva Sawant, Ranjit Mankeshwar, Swarup Shah, Rani Raghavan, Gargi Dhongde, Himanshu Raje, Shoba D'souza, Aarti Subramanium, Pradnya Dhairyawan, Seema Todur, Tester F Ashavaid","doi":"10.1155/2011/920983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/920983","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Metabolic syndrome (MS) is characterised by a constellation of individual risk factors of cardiovascular disease. Materials and Methods. The current study was a population-based survey of cohort of subjects in the metropolitan city of Mumbai. A total of 548 subjects, who attended the CARDIAC evaluation camp, were recruited in the study. Participants with complete fasting lipid profiles, blood glucose, and known cardiac risk markers were evaluated. Results. On applying modified NCEP ATP III, we found out that nearly 95% of the subjects had at least one abnormal parameter. We found the prevalence of MS in our study population to be 19.52%. The prevalence of MS in males was almost double than females (P = .008). The overall prevalence of BMI (>23 kg/m(2)) was 79.01%. Increased hypertriglyceridemia and decreased levels of HDL-C were found to be more in males (P < .0001). Conclusion. The low percentage of subjects with normal and controlled parameters suggests that there is a need for awareness programs and lifestyle interventions for the prevention and control of MS.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2011 ","pages":"920983"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2011/920983","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29948670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 137

The role of high-density lipoproteins in reducing the risk of vascular diseases, neurogenerative disorders, and cancer. 高密度脂蛋白在降低血管疾病、神经变性疾病和癌症风险方面的作用。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-12-23 DOI: 10.1155/2011/496925

Donovan McGrowder, Cliff Riley, Errol Y St A Morrison, Lorenzo Gordon

{"title":"The role of high-density lipoproteins in reducing the risk of vascular diseases, neurogenerative disorders, and cancer.","authors":"Donovan McGrowder, Cliff Riley, Errol Y St A Morrison, Lorenzo Gordon","doi":"10.1155/2011/496925","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2011/496925","url":null,"abstract":"High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is one of the major carriers of cholesterol in the blood. It attracts particular attention because, in contrast with other lipoproteins, as many physiological functions of HDL influence the cardiovascular system in favourable ways unless HDL is modified pathologically. The functions of HDL that have recently attracted attention include anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. High anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of HDL are associated with protection from cardiovascular disease. Atheroprotective activities, as well as a functional deficiency of HDL, ultimately depend on the protein and lipid composition of HDL. Further, numerous epidemiological studies have shown a protective association between HDL-cholesterol and cognitive impairment. Oxidative stress, including lipid peroxidation, has been shown to be the mediator of the pathologic effects of numerous risk factors of Alzheimer's disease. Lifestyle interventions proven to increase HDL- cholesterol levels including \"healthy\" diet, regular exercise, weight control, and smoking cessation have also been shown to provide neuro-protective effects. This review will focus on current knowledge of the beneficial effects of HDL-cholesterol as it relates to cardiovascular diseases, breast and lung cancers, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, as well as its neuroprotective potential in reducing the risk of Alzheimer's disease and dementia.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2011 ","pages":"496925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29813387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Methotrexate in atherogenesis and cholesterol metabolism. 甲氨蝶呤在动脉粥样硬化和胆固醇代谢中的作用。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-02-22 DOI: 10.1155/2011/503028

Eric Coomes, Edwin S L Chan, Allison B Reiss

{"title":"Methotrexate in atherogenesis and cholesterol metabolism.","authors":"Eric Coomes, Edwin S L Chan, Allison B Reiss","doi":"10.1155/2011/503028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2011/503028","url":null,"abstract":"Methotrexate is a disease-modifying antirheumatic drug commonly used to treat inflammatory conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis which itself is linked to increased cardiovascular risk. Treatments that target inflammation may also impact the cardiovascular system. While methotrexate improves cardiovascular risk, inhibition of the cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzyme promotes atherosclerosis. These opposing cardiovascular influences may arise from differing effects on the expression of proteins involved in cholesterol homeostasis. These proteins, ATP-binding cassette transporter (ABC) A1 and cholesterol 27-hydroxylase, facilitate cellular cholesterol efflux and defend against cholesterol overload. Methotrexate upregulates expression of cholesterol 27-hydroxylase and ABCA1 via adenosine release, while COX-2 inhibition downregulates these proteins. Adenosine, acting through the A(2A) and A(3) receptors, may upregulate proteins involved in reverse cholesterol transport by cAMP-PKA-CREB activation and STAT inhibition, respectively. Elucidating underlying cardiovascular mechanisms of these drugs provides a framework for developing novel cardioprotective anti-inflammatory medications, such as selective A(2A) receptor agonists.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2011 ","pages":"503028"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2011/503028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29813388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 55

The Fruit Fly Drosophila melanogaster as a Model System to Study Cholesterol Metabolism and Homeostasis. 果蝇黑腹果蝇作为研究胆固醇代谢和体内平衡的模型系统。

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-01-20 DOI: 10.1155/2011/176802

Ryusuke Niwa, Yuko S Niwa

引用次数: 63

Dietary Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus Exert Hypocholesterolemic Effects by Suppression of Hepatic Cholesterol Synthesis and Promotion of Bile Acid Synthesis in Laying Hens. 通过抑制蛋鸡肝脏胆固醇合成和促进胆汁酸合成，膳食中的卡拉亚皂苷和荚膜罗氏菌具有降胆固醇作用

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-06-30 DOI: 10.1155/2010/272731

Sadia Afrose, Md Sharoare Hossain, Ummay Salma, Abdul Gaffar Miah, Hirotada Tsujii

{"title":"Dietary Karaya Saponin and Rhodobacter capsulatus Exert Hypocholesterolemic Effects by Suppression of Hepatic Cholesterol Synthesis and Promotion of Bile Acid Synthesis in Laying Hens.","authors":"Sadia Afrose, Md Sharoare Hossain, Ummay Salma, Abdul Gaffar Miah, Hirotada Tsujii","doi":"10.1155/2010/272731","DOIUrl":"10.1155/2010/272731","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to elucidate the mechanism underlying the hypolipidemic action of karaya saponin or Rhodobacter (R.) capsulatus. A total of 40 laying hens (20-week-old) were assigned into four dietary treatment groups and fed a basal diet (as a control) or basal diets supplemented with either karaya saponin, R. capsulatus, or both for 60 days. The level of serum low-density-lipoprotein cholesterol and the levels of cholesterol and triglycerides in the serum, liver, and egg yolk were reduced by all the supplementations (P < .05). Liver bile acid concentration and fecal concentrations of cholesterol, triacylglycerol, and bile acid were simultaneously increased by the supplementation of karaya saponin, R. capsulatus, and the combination of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus (P < .05). The supplementation of karaya saponin, R. capsulatus, and the combination of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus suppressed the incorporation of (14)C from 1-(14)C-palmitic acid into the fractions of total lipids, phospholipids, triacylglycerol, and cholesterol in the liver in vitro (P < .05). These findings suggest that the hypocholesterolemic effects of karaya saponin and R. capsulatus are caused by the suppression of the cholesterol synthesis and the promotion of cholesterol catabolism in the liver.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2010 ","pages":"272731"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3065839/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29813450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Randomized Trial of a Pharmacist-Delivered Intervention for Improving Lipid-Lowering Medication Adherence among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease. 一项药剂师介入改善冠心病患者降脂药物依从性的随机试验

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-08-17 DOI: 10.1155/2010/383281

Yunsheng Ma, Ira S Ockene, Milagros C Rosal, Philip A Merriam, Judith K Ockene, Pritesh J Gandhi

{"title":"Randomized Trial of a Pharmacist-Delivered Intervention for Improving Lipid-Lowering Medication Adherence among Patients with Coronary Heart Disease.","authors":"Yunsheng Ma, Ira S Ockene, Milagros C Rosal, Philip A Merriam, Judith K Ockene, Pritesh J Gandhi","doi":"10.1155/2010/383281","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/383281","url":null,"abstract":"A randomized trial of a pharmacist-delivered intervention (PI) versus usual care (UC) was conducted; 689 subjects with known coronary heart disease were recruited from cardiac catheterization laboratories. Participants in the PI condition received 5 pharmacist-delivered telephone counseling calls post-hospital discharge. At one year, 65% in the PI condition and 60% in the UC condition achieved an LDL-C level <100 mg/dL (P = .29); mean statin adherence was 0.88 in the PI, and 0.90 in the UC (P = .51). The highest percentage of those who reached the LDL-C goal were participants who used statins as opposed to those who did not use statins (67% versus 58%, P = .05). However, only 53% and 56% of the patients in the UC and PI conditions, respectively, were using statins. We conclude that a pharmacist-delivered intervention aimed only at improving patient adherence is unlikely to positively affect outcomes. Efforts must be oriented towards influencing physicians to increase statin prescription rates.","PeriodicalId":72589,"journal":{"name":"Cholesterol","volume":"2010 ","pages":"383281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1155/2010/383281","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29813452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 36

Influence of soy lecithin administration on hypercholesterolemia. 服用大豆卵磷脂对高胆固醇血症的影响

Cholesterol Pub Date : 2010-01-01 Epub Date: 2009-12-28 DOI: 10.1155/2010/824813

Amouni Mohamed Mourad, Eder de Carvalho Pincinato, Priscila Gava Mazzola, Maricene Sabha, Patricia Moriel

引用次数: 0