Cardiovascular endocrinology最新文献

{"title":"Impairment in the number and function of CD34+/KDR+ circulating cells in diabetes and obesity with functional improvement after thymosin &bgr;4 treatment","authors":"P. S. Lee, L. Ye, E. Khoo, T. Yeo, H. Tan, A. Richards, K. Poh","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000076","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000076","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundDiabetes and obesity are associated with endothelial dysfunction and atherosclerosis. As mature endothelial cells do not regenerate, CD34+/kinase insert domain receptor (KDR+) circulating cells may be an important source of vascular repair. Thymosin &bgr;4 (T&bgr;4) has been shown to have angiogenic properties. We aim to examine the number and function of CD34+/KDR+ circulating cells from Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats and investigate the effect of T&bgr;4 on these cells compared with Zucker lean (ZL) rats. MethodsBlood was collected from ZDF (n=20) and ZL (n=21) rats. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and grown on fibronectin-coated plates. Enumeration of CD34+ and KDR+ cells was performed with flow cytometry. Colony-forming, migration, and tubule formation assays were performed to determine functionality. Cells were treated with T&bgr;4 (10 ng/ml) for 3 days. ResultsThe number and function of CD34+/KDR+ circulating cells in ZDF rats were significantly reduced compared with ZL (CD34+/KDR+: 0.025±0.002 vs. 0.034±0.003%; colony-forming unit: 1.5±0.5 vs. 3.2±0.8; migrated cell: 7.5±1.0 vs. 11.0±2.1; tubule length: 4.3±0.5 vs. 5.8±1.1 mm2; P<0.05). T&bgr;4 significantly improved the migratory and tubule formation of T&bgr;4-treated CD34+/KDR+ circulating cells from ZDF rats to levels similar to cells from ZL rats (P>0.05). ConclusionA significant impairment in the number and function of CD34+/KDR+ circulating cells in ZDF rats was observed. The use of T&bgr;4 as a potential novel therapeutic target in improving migratory and angiogenic activities may prove to be important in diabetes and obesity.","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"30 1","pages":"51–56"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75257868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Longitudinal associations between adiponectin and cardiac structure differ by hypertensive status: Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults.","authors":"Shishir Sharma, Laura A Colangelo, Donald Lloyd-Jones, David R Jacobs, Myron D Gross, Samuel S Gidding, Philip Greenland","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000080","DOIUrl":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000080","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>We studied the longitudinal association between adiponectin and cardiac structure and function 10 years later stratified by hypertension status.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Multicenter longitudinal study of black and white men and women that began in 1985-1986, when participants were 18-30 years old. Adiponectin was measured at year 15(2000-2001). Echocardiograms were completed at year 25(2010-2011). Participants were stratified by the presence of hypertension. Risk factor-adjusted echocardiographic variables were compared across adiponectin quintiles. Linear and quadratic regression models were also derived for risk factor-adjusted echocardiographic variables.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Relative to the lowest quintile of adiponectin, participants from the highest quintile had a 6% lower LV mass index (LVMi) among normotensives, and an 8% higher LVMi among hypertensives. Among normotensive participants, regression analysis demonstrated a linear inverse relationship between adiponectin and LV mass, LVMi, posterior wall thickness (PWT) and ventricular septal thickness (VST) (all p≤0.05). Among hypertensive participants, regression analysis demonstrated a U-shaped relationship between adiponectin and LV mass, LVMi, PWT and VST (p≤0.005 for all quadratic terms).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Among normotensive participants, higher adiponectin may be a useful marker of less adverse future cardiac structure. Further study is required to see if adiponectin receptor agonists may provide a benefit among these individuals. Among hypertensive participants, further study is required to assess the prognostic and therapeutic use of adiponectin.</p>","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"5 2","pages":"57-63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4980644/pdf/nihms774709.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10636762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What should the systolic blood pressure be in older diabetics treated for hypertension","authors":"W. Aronow","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000079","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of hypertension is common in older diabetics, with its prevalence increasing with advancing age [1]. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus are both major independent risk factors for coronary events, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, and congestive heart failure in older individuals [2–7]. Left ventricular hypertrophy associated with hypertension increases cardiovascular events [3,8]. Reduction of left ventricular hypertrophy by antihypertensive treatment of hypertension reduces cardiovascular events and mortality [9–11].","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"1 1","pages":"38-39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89264948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The emergence of frailty and sarcopaenia in diabetes mellitus: description of inter-relationships and clinical importance","authors":"A. Sinclair, Harriet Sinclair, S. Bellary, L. Rodríguez-Mañas","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000075","url":null,"abstract":"Diabetes mellitus is a highly prevalent chronic disease, with an associated heavy personal and public health burden of disability, morbidity and mortality. The focus of care for older patients with diabetes is prevention of functional decline, with early intervention rather than attempting to recover function later. Diabetes doubles the risk of frailty. An important contributor towards physical frailty is sarcopaenia, which manifests as an age-related loss of skeletal muscle volume and power. Frailty is not an inevitable consequence of the ageing process; it is a dynamic and potentially reversible condition that highlights the importance of early recognition and intervention. In this review, we examine the evidence for linking diabetes to frailty and sarcopaenia and how the emergence of these conditions should lead to changes in clinician behaviour in terms of assessment of function and goal setting. High-quality, focused research in this area is now mandatory.","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"17 1","pages":"40–50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74184734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Venus and Mars: influence of sex on diabetes and cardiometabolic disease","authors":"A. Krentz","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000082","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000082","url":null,"abstract":"The latest estimates for global diabetes prevalence will no doubt concentrate the thoughts of healthcare officials in many countries [1]. Global age-standardized diabetes prevalence increased from 4.3% (95% credible interval 2.4–7.0) in 1980 to 9.0% (7.2–11.1) in 2014 in men, and from 5.0% (2.9–7.9) to 7.9% (6.4–9.7) in women. Thus, over a quarter of a century, the prevalence of diabetes more than doubled in men. The increase seen in women was less pronounced at 60%. These data are consistent with other reports that support a shift from an excess prevalence in women in the earlier part of the 20th century to a consistently higher male prevalence [2,3]. The male predominance in type 2 diabetes has implications for cardiometabolic disease prevention strategies that extend to population screening. For example, in the Rancho Bernardo Study, more women than men had isolated postchallenge (oral glucose tolerance test) hyperglycaemia as the only evidence of diabetes; the incidence of diabetes was higher in men than in women, with higher fasting but lower postchallenge glucose levels compared with women [3]. The prevalence of prediabetes syndromes – that is, impaired fasting glucose and impaired glucose tolerance – also differs by sex, with impaired fasting glucose being more prevalent in men and impaired glucose tolerance being more frequent in women [4].","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"21 1","pages":"35-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86475044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adiponectin levels and cardiovascular disease – symptom or a cause?","authors":"A. Odegaard","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000081","url":null,"abstract":"Adiponectin is a major adipocyte-secreted protein (adipokine) and is also considered a hormone that links excess adiposity with metabolic processes central to the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease (CVD) [1–3]. Circulating levels of adiponectin are inversely proportional to adiposity and low adiponectin levels predict the development of type 2 diabetes and CVD [1,2]. Adiponectin concentration is largely determined by adipocyte size and insulin sensitivity [2,3], but is also secreted by cardiomyocytes [4]. Thus, there is a strong biological precedent for adiponectin as a biomarker of risk for CVD and rationale for the investigation by Sharma et al. [5].","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"11 1","pages":"64-65"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90850000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blood pressure guidelines: beyond simple targets","authors":"S. Harrap","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000066","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension and blood pressure guidelines have developed incrementally over the years, keeping pace, and now outstripping, the clinical trials that have fuelled their opinions and recommendations. The focus has been very much on treatment thresholds and targets, so well suited to the medical model. However, the routine approach to blood pressure reduction in individuals of high cardiovascular risk, irrespective of their pressure and without a target, seem to slipped under the radar of the guidelines. It is time to rectify this significant oversight and take a broader view of treatment paradigms other than those based simply on targets. Cardiovasc Endocrinol 00:000–000 Copyright © 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"65 1","pages":"1-3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81476532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"'Knowing what matters in diabetes: healthier below 7': results of the campaign's first 10 years (part 1): participants with known type 2 diabetes.","authors":"Stephan Jacob, Andrea Klimke-Hübner, Franz-Werner Dippel, Werner Hopfenmüller","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000072","DOIUrl":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000072","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>During the 'Knowing what matters in diabetes: healthier below 7' diabetes campaign, more than 30 000 randomly participating individuals underwent an occasional, voluntary diabetes risk check between 2005 and 2014.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This campaign aimed to inform individuals in Germany about diabetes mellitus and its complications, the established risk factors for development of type 2 diabetes (T2D), their prevalence and management in the real-life population, the quality of risk factor control and actual disease management in participants with a history of established diabetes mellitus [people with diabetes (PWD)]. Besides demographic characteristics (e.g. sex, age) and anamnestic information (antihypertensive treatment, history of elevated plasma glucose levels, genetic disposition), risk factor assessment included BMI, waist circumference, and lifestyle (physical activity, nutritional habits). The requested information was complemented by direct measurements of blood pressure (BP) (routine), plasma glucose, and HbA_1c (voluntary). Between 2005 and 2014, more than 31 000 individuals participated in 45 single campaigns in numerous German cities. Here, we report on the results of the subgroup of participants with known diabetes mellitus.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the 26 522 individuals with a completed questionnaire participating in the years 2006-2014, 21 055 participants (79.4%) did not have a history of diabetes and 5098 individuals (19.2%) reported being diagnosed with T2D, 369 (1.4%) with type 1 diabetes. The proportion of participants with T2D increased markedly over the years from 13.3 (2006) to 21.7% (2014). The age group older than 64 years was the largest within this subgroup (67.3%), 48.4% men and 51.6% women. The prevalence of overweight or obesity was found in 78% and 69.2% of the PWD. More than 40% of individuals with T2D had no regular physical exercise and more than 15% had unfavorable nutritional habits. In all, 69.9% of participants with T2D had elevated BP as assessed during the campaign or reported treatment with antihypertensive drugs at any time. On average, almost half of PWD (46.3%) had an HbA_1c above 7.0%; a significant trend toward higher values over the 10-year period was observed.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The analysis of PWD participating in the 'Knowing what matters in diabetes: healthier below 7' campaign showed that despite huge efforts in the past, important aspects for progression and complications of T2D mellitus are still not well controlled. This includes lifestyle habits as well as pharmaceutical treatment. Although the participants in this study cannot be considered a representative sample of the German population and occasional measurements without standardization further limit firm conclusions, the BP, plasma glucose, and HbA_1c results indicate that a major proportion of PWD have insufficient metabolic and B","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"5 1","pages":"14-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/5b/5a/xce-5-14.PMC5367495.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"34898417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of various stages of hypothermia on the ECG","authors":"H. Omar, Ehab El-Khabiry, D. Mangar, E. Camporesi","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000060","url":null,"abstract":"Hesham R. Omar, Ehab El-Khabiry, Devanand Mangar and Enrico M. Camporesi, Department of Internal Medicine, Mercy Medical Center, Clinton, Iowa, Department of Internal Medicine, OSF Saint Anthony Medical Center, Rockford, Illinois, Department of Anesthesia, Tampa General Hospital, TEAMHealth and Department of Surgery/Anesthesiology, Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, FGTBA and TEAMHealth, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, USA","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"12 1","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90084391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of lipoxins in cardiometabolic physiology and disease","authors":"Emma Börgeson","doi":"10.1097/XCE.0000000000000068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/XCE.0000000000000068","url":null,"abstract":"Cardiometabolic pathophysiology is increasing in prevalence as a result of the escalating obesity pandemic. The search for novel therapeutics is ongoing and the strong interrelationship between diabetes and cardiovascular disease places emphasis on the need for drugs that target both pathologies, without interlinking side effects. Impaired inflammatory resolution may be the common denominator driving metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. An interesting therapeutic approach would therefore be to promote the inflammatory resolution to subvert cardiometabolic disease. Inflammatory resolution is regulated by specialized proresolving lipid mediators: the &ohgr;3-polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived protectins, resolvins and maresins, and the &ohgr;6-polyunsaturated fatty acid-derived lipoxin (LX) A4 and LXB4. Here, we review novel evidence of how LXs may reduce pathological features associated with cardiometabolic disease. Recent evidence shows that LXs promote the resolution of obesity-induced adipose inflammation and systemic pathology. Furthermore, LXs attenuate cardinal processes associated with atherosclerotic plaque formation, for example, neutrophil recruitment, activation, and neutrophil extracellular traps formation, while promoting a proresolving M&PHgr; phenotype and enhancing efferocytosis. Finally, LXs inhibit angiogenic pathways, including endothelial proliferation and activation, while reducing platelet-neutrophil aggregation. Collectively, LXs may have therapeutic potential in attenuating cardiometabolic pathophysiology.","PeriodicalId":72529,"journal":{"name":"Cardiovascular endocrinology","volume":"24 1","pages":"4–13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83313302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}