Blockchain in healthcare today最新文献

{"title":"PharmaLedger: Blockchain-Enabled Healthcare: Privacy-Enhancement with Blockchain","authors":"Kayhan Halid","doi":"10.30953/tmt.v7.226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/tmt.v7.226","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42991103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blockchain Applications Presentation Commentry","authors":"Khurshid Anjum","doi":"10.30953/tmt.v7.229","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/tmt.v7.229","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44722427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applicability of Blockchain-Based Implementation for Risk Management in Healthcare Projects.","authors":"In Bae Chung, Carlos Caldas","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.191","DOIUrl":"10.30953/bhty.v5.191","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hospitals provide diverse tasks essential for the delivery of patient care and are comprised of many functional units. This makes healthcare projects in construction highly complex among other types of building projects due to the specific regulations, multiple functions it must provide, complicated mechanical and electrical systems, and so on. This complexity embodies potential risk events during its construction, which not only influences the completion of the project but can impact the patients' safety and health conditions even after the project is finished. To prevent such outcomes, risk management is a crucial process that can identify, evaluate, and properly mitigate risks along the project lifecycle. A key aspect of risk management is that it requires the interaction and contribution from multiple stakeholders of the project. Various frameworks and tools that enable collaborative management of risks among multiple stakeholders have been developed in the past. However, the developed frameworks are not suitable in the sense that it does not protect the confidentiality of individual inputs from the stakeholders. Moreover, these frameworks are centralized systems, which can bring issues related to the security and transparency of the information that is being stored. Blockchain technology is an emergent distributed ledger technology (DLT) that can provide solutions to the listed problems found in centralized systems. It is a novel system that records information on a decentralized, distributed ledger, where transactions are constantly duplicated and updated. This study explores the applicability of blockchain technology for healthcare risk management. The key functional elements of blockchain that can resolve the challenges faced by prior risk management frameworks have been identified and discussed. Based on the discussions, a conceptual information management model for managing healthcare project risks on a blockchain has been conceived. The development of the initial prototype has been explained. The research study illustrates the process, benefits, and limitations of adopting the blockchain technology for collaborative risk management in healthcare projects.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/71/71/BHTY-5-191.PMC9907422.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10695778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical, Organizational and Regulatory, and Ethical and Social (CORES) Issues and Recommendations on Blockchain Deployment for Healthcare: Evidence from Experts.","authors":"John Robert Bautista, Muhammad Usman, Daniel Toshio Harrell, Eric T Meyer, Anjum Khurshid","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.199","DOIUrl":"10.30953/bhty.v5.199","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>While existing research by our team has demonstrated the feasibility of building a decentralized identity management application (\"MediLinker\") for health information, there are implementation issues related to testing such blockchain-based health applications in real-world clinical settings. In this study, we identified clinical, organizational and regulatory, and ethical and social (CORES) issues, including recommendations, associated with deploying MediLinker, and blockchain in general, for clinical testing.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>CORES issues and recommendations were identified through a focus group with 11 academic, industry, and government experts on March 26, 2021. They were grouped according to their expertise: clinical care (<i>n</i> = 4), organizational and regulatory concerns (<i>n</i> = 4), and ethical and social issues (<i>n</i> = 3). The focus group was conducted via Zoom in which experts were briefed about the study aims, formed into breakout groups to identify key issues based on their group's expertise, and reconvened to share identified issues with other groups and to discuss potential recommendations to address such issues. The focus group was video recorded and transcribed. The resulting transcriptions and meeting notes were imported to MAXQDA 2018 for thematic analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Clinical experts identified issues that concern the clinical system, clinical administrators, clinicians, and patients. Organizational and regulatory experts emphasized issues on accountability, compliance, and legal safeguards. Ethics and social-context experts raised issues on trust, transparency, digital divide, and health-related digital autonomy. Accordingly, experts proposed six recommendations that could address most of the identified issues: (1) design interfaces based on patient preferences, (2) ensure testing with diverse populations, (3) ensure compliance with existing policies, (4) present potential positive outcomes to top management, (5) maintain clinical workflow, and (6) increase the public's awareness of blockchain.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study identified a myriad of CORES issues associated with deploying MediLinker in clinical settings. Moreover, the study also uncovered several recommendations that could address such issues. The findings raise awareness on CORES issues that should be considered when designing, developing, and deploying blockchain for healthcare. Further, the findings provide additional insights into the development of MediLinker from a prototype to a minimum viable product for clinical testing. Future studies can use CORES as a socio-technical model to identify issues and recommendations associated with deploying health information technologies in clinical settings.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/58/95/BHTY-5-199.PMC9907415.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9260639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improving Transitions of Care: Designing a Blockchain Application for Patient Identity Management.","authors":"Mustafa Abdul-Moheeth, Muhammad Usman, Daniel Toshio Harrell, Anjum Khurshid","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.200","DOIUrl":"10.30953/bhty.v5.200","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;The current healthcare ecosystem in the United States is plagued by inefficiencies in transitions of patient care between healthcare providers due in large part to a lack of interoperability among the many electronic medical record (EMR) systems that exist today. Both providers and patients experience significant frustration due to the negative effects of increased costs, unnecessary administrative burden, and duplication of services that occur because of data fragmentation in the system. Blockchain technology provides a potential solution to mitigate or eliminate these gaps by allowing for exchange of healthcare information that is distributed, auditable, immutable, and respectful of patient autonomy. Our multidisciplinary team identified key tasks required for a transition of care to design and develop a blockchain application, MediLinker, which served as a patient-centric identity management system to address issues of data fragmentation ultimately aiding in the delivery of high-value care services.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;The MediLinker application was evaluated for its ability to accomplish various key tasks needed for a successful transition of patient care in an outpatient setting. Our team created 20 unique patient use cases covering a diversity of medical needs and social circumstances that were played out by participants who were asked to perform various tasks as they received case across a simulated healthcare ecosystem composed of four clinics, a research institution, and other ancillary public services. Tasks included, but were not limited to, clinic enrollment, verification of identity, medication reconciliation, sharing insurance and billing information, and updating demographic information. With this iteration of MediLinker, we specifically focused on the functionality of digital guardianship and patient revocation of healthcare information. In addition, throughout the simulation, we surveyed participant perceptions regarding the use of MediLinker and blockchain technology to better ascertain comfortability and usability of the application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Quantitative evaluation of simulation results revealed that MediLinker was able to successfully accomplish all seven clinical scenarios tested across the 20 patient use cases. MediLinker successfully achieved its goal of patient-centered interoperability as participants transitioned their simulated healthcare data, including COVID-19 vaccination status and current medications, across the four clinic sites and research institution. In addition to completing all key tasks designated, all eligible participants were able to enroll with and subsequently revoke data access with our simulated research site. MediLinker had a low data-entry error rate, with most errors occurring due to work-flow vulnerabilities. Our qualitative analysis of user perceptions indicated that comfortability and trust with blockchain technology, such as M","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/09/17/BHTY-5-200.PMC9907417.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9275831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FROM SHARING TO SELLING: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES OF ESTABLISHING A DIGITAL HEALTH DATA MARKETPLACE USING BLOCKCHAIN TECHNOLOGIES.","authors":"Mohamed A Maher,&nbsp;Imtiaz A Khan","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/bhty.v5.184","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the COVID-19 pandemic, we witnessed how sharing of biological and biomedical data facilitated researchers, medical practitioners, and policymakers to tackle the pandemic on a global scale. Despite the growing use of electronic health records (EHRs) by medical practitioners and wearable digital gadgets by individuals, 80% of health and medical data remain unused, adding little value to the work of researchers and medical practitioners. Legislative constraints related to health data sharing, centralized siloed design of traditional data management systems, and most importantly, lack of incentivization models are thought to be the underpinning bottlenecks for sharing health data. With the advent of the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) of the European Union (EU) and the development of technologies like blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLTs), it is now possible to create a new paradigm of data sharing by changing the incentivization model from current authoritative or altruistic form to a shared economic model where financial incentivization will be the main driver for data sharing. This can be achieved by setting up a digital health data marketplace (DHDM). Here, we review papers that proposed technical models or implemented frameworks that use blockchain-like technologies for health data. We seek to understand and compare different technical challenges associated with implementing and optimizing the DHDM operation outlined in these articles. We also examine legal limitations in the context of the EU and other countries such as the USA to accommodate any compliance requirement for such a marketplace. Last but not least, we review papers that investigated the short-, medium-, and long-term socioeconomic impact of such a marketplace on a wide range of stakeholders.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9907429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9551215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BLOCKCHAIN IN HEALTHCARE TODAY: 2022 PREDICTIONS.","authors":"Daniel Conway,&nbsp;Mohan Venkataraman,&nbsp;Daniel Laverick,&nbsp;Gabriela Pelin,&nbsp;Anton Hasselgren","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/bhty.v5.194","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Each year, Blockchain and Healthcare Today reaches out to journal board members, annual ConV2X Symposium speakers, and ecosystem subject matter experts to share their near-term views and perspectives for blockchain technology advances in healthcare. This article presents insights into where authors anticipate market opportunities and where gaps exist that should be addressed for regional and global collaboration, governance, and efficiency for the year 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/87/BHTY-5-194.PMC9907416.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10695777","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decentralized Identity Management for E-Health Applications: State-of-the-Art and Guidance for Future Work.","authors":"Abylay Satybaldy,&nbsp;Anton Hasselgren,&nbsp;Mariusz Nowostawski","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/bhty.v5.195","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing use of various online services requires an efficient digital identity management (DIM) approach. Unfortunately, the original Internet protocols were not designed with built-in identity management, which creates challenges related to privacy, security, and usability. There is an increasing societal concern regarding the management of these sensitive data, access to it, and where it is stored. Blockchain technology can potentially offer a secure solution to address these issues in a decentralized manner without centralized authority. This is important for e-health services where the patient and the healthcare provider often are required to prove their identity. Blockchain technology can be utilized for creating digital identities and making its management easier, thus giving a higher degree of control to the user than what current solutions offer. It can be used to create a digital identity on the blockchain, making it easier for individuals and entities to manage, giving them greater control over who has their personal information and how they handle it. In addition, it might be utilized to create a higher degree of trust and security for e-health applications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this research work was to review the state-of-the-art regarding blockchain-based decentralized identity management for healthcare applications. Based on this summary, we provide a viewpoint on how blockchain-based decentralized identity frameworks might be utilized for virtualized healthcare applications.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This research study applied a scoping, semi-systematic review approach to summarize the state-of-the-art. Included identity management systems were evaluated based on seven criteria: autonomy, authority, availability, approval, confidentiality, tenacity, and Interoperability.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Seven blockchain-based identity management systems were included and evaluated in this work: these include solutions built with Ethereum, Hyperledger Indy, Hyperledger Fabric, Hedera, and Sovrin blockchains.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>DIM is crucial for virtual health care. Decentralized identity management for healthcare purposes is currently being explored in both academia and the private sector. More work is needed with the aim of improving the efficiency of current DIM solutions and to fully understand what technical frameworks are best suited for e-health applications.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6d/46/BHTY-5-195.PMC9907408.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9260645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Securing the Chain of Custody and Integrity of Data in a Global North-South Partnership to Monitor the Quality of Essential Medicines.","authors":"Kathleen Hayes,&nbsp;Natalie Meyers,&nbsp;Christopher Sweet,&nbsp;Ayenew Ashenef,&nbsp;Tim Johann,&nbsp;Marya Lieberman,&nbsp;David Kochalko","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/bhty.v5.230","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Substandard and falsified (SF) pharmaceuticals account for an estimated 10% of the pharmaceutical supply chain in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), where a lack of regulatory and laboratory resources limits the ability to conduct effective post-market surveillance and allows SF products to penetrate the supply chain. The Distributed Pharmaceutical Analysis Laboratory (DPAL) was established in 2014 to expand testing of pharmaceutical dosage forms sourced from LMICs; DPAL is an alliance of academic institutions throughout the United States and abroad that provides high-quality, validated chemical analysis of pharmaceutical dosage forms sourced from partners in LMICs. Results from analysis are reported to relevant regulatory agencies and are used to inform purchasing decisions made by in-country stakeholders. As the DPAL program has expanded to testing more than 1,000 pharmaceutical dosage forms annually, challenges have surfaced regarding data management and sample tracking. Here, we describe a pilot project between DPAL and ARTiFACTs that applies the blockchain to organize and manage key data generated during the DPAL workflow, including a sample's progress through the workflow, its physical location, provenance of metadata, and lab reputability. Recording time and date stamps with these data will create a permanent and verifiable chain of custody for samples. This secure, distributed ledger will be linked to an easy-to-use dashboard, allowing stakeholders to view results and experimental details for each sample in real time and verify the integrity of DPAL analysis data. Introducing this blockchain-based system as a pilot will allow us to test the technology with real users analyzing real samples. Feedback from users will be recorded and necessary adjustments will be made to the system before the implementation of blockchain across all DPAL sites. Anticipated benefits of implementing the blockchain technology for managing DPAL data include efficient management for routing work, increasing throughput, creating a chain of custody for samples and their data in alignment with the distributed nature of DPAL, and using the analysis results to detect patterns of quality within and across brands of products and develop enhanced sampling techniques and best practices.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e9/7d/BHTY-5-230.PMC9907419.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9260638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health Datasets as Assets: Blockchain-Based Valuation and Transaction Methods.","authors":"Wendy M Charles,&nbsp;Brooke M Delgado","doi":"10.30953/bhty.v5.185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.30953/bhty.v5.185","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>There is increasing recognition about health-oriented datasets that could be regarded as intangible assets: distinct assets with future economic benefits but without physical properties. While health-oriented datasets - particularly health records - are ascribed monetary value on the black market, there are few established methods for assessing the value for legitimate research and business purposes. The emergence of blockchain has created new commercial opportunities for transferring assets without intermediaries. Therefore, blockchain is proposed as a medium by which research datasets could be transacted to provide future value. For authorized individuals to verify their transactions, blockchain methodologies offer security, auditability, and transparency. The authors share data valuation methodologies consistent with accounting principles and include discussions of black market valuation of health data. Furthermore, this article describes blockchain-based methods of managing real-time payment/micropayment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72422,"journal":{"name":"Blockchain in healthcare today","volume":"5 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/39/7b/BHTY-5-185.PMC9907414.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10766254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}