Bioelectronic medicine最新文献

{"title":"Revolutionizing breast cancer immunotherapy by integrating AI and nanotechnology approaches: review of current applications and future directions.","authors":"Houda Bendani, Nasma Boumajdi, Lahcen Belyamani, Azeddine Ibrahimi","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00173-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-025-00173-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Breast cancer (BC) is still the most diagnosed cancer for females with an increased focus on immunotherapy as a promising precise treatment. Selecting appropriate patients and monitoring patient treatments are crucial to ensure higher response rates with low adverse events. Various biomarkers were proposed to predict immunotherapy response, including tumor mutation burden, immune cell, and tumor microenvironment expression. However, traditional methods for evaluating immunotherapy are invasive and inaccurate, and their assessments could be biased due to the variability in quantification techniques. Artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a powerful technology that addresses these challenges, handling heterogeneous data to identify complex patterns and offering accurate and non-invasive solutions. In this paper, we review emerging AI-based models for immunotherapy prediction in BC using diverse biomarkers. We first discussed the application of AI models for each biomarker, highlighting both direct prediction of immunotherapy response and prognosis, as well as indirect approaches via the identification of immune subtypes or specific predictive biomarkers. Then, we investigated the integration of all biomarkers in multi-modal AI approaches for a precise and personalized prediction of immunotherapy response. We have also addressed the implication of integrating AI in the healthcare ecosystem with other new technologies, including nanodevices, and wearable technologies. We further elucidated the role of AI and healthcare providers with this convergence of personalized medicine and demonstrated its role in enhancing population health management and supporting personalized patient care.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144182710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous theta burst stimulation in the treatment of epilepsia partialis continua: a case series.","authors":"Chloé Algoet, Sofie Carrette, Alfred Meurs, Ann Mertens, Dimitri Hemelsoet, Paul Boon, Kristl Vonck","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00175-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00175-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Epilepsia partialis continua (EPC) is a medication-resistant form of focal status epilepticus (SE), causing significant morbidity. This case series explored whether continuous theta burst stimulation (cTBS) could reduce seizure activity in patients with EPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three patients with motor EPC (2M/1F) underwent an accelerated cTBS protocol over four consecutive days (five 40-s trains/day, 5Hz bursts, 3 pulses at 50Hz/burst). Stimulation targeted the epileptogenic zone using a figure-of-eight coil at 80% of the resting motor threshold. Electroencephalography (EEG) was conducted before and after each session. Seizure frequency, intensity, adverse events (AEs), seizure diaries, and follow-up data were assessed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>cTBS did not interrupt EPC in any patient. One patient reported a 17% reduction in seizure frequency. Another noted mild improvement in shoulder jerks, and a third reported reduced arm tension, though without clinical confirmation. EEG showed no significant changes. One patient experienced seizures during stimulation, and another reported worsening of pre-existing headaches.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In this small case series, a four-day accelerated cTBS protocol did not yield clinically meaningful seizure control in EPC. Further research is needed to evaluate TMS and TBS in SE and EPC, where a significant treatment gap remains.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12100802/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144129660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scaling of vagus nerve stimulation parameters does not achieve equivalent nerve responses across species.","authors":"Eric D Musselman, Ishani Raha, Nicole A Pelot, Warren M Grill","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00174-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00174-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous efforts to translate vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) therapies from preclinical studies to human clinical applications (e.g., for stroke, heart failure, and inflammatory diseases) did not account for individual- or species-specific differences in nerve responses when selecting stimulation parameters. Lack of explicit consideration for producing equivalent nerve responses could contribute to clinical outcomes not replicating promising results from preclinical animal studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used models of VNS built with ASCENT (Musselman, PLoS Comput Biol 17:e1009285, 2021) to quantify nerve responses across species and simulate translation of VNS therapies via either recycling or linear scaling of stimulation parameters. For humans (n = 9) and pigs (n = 12), we used previously validated computational models with the standard clinical helical cuff electrode on individual-specific nerve morphologies (Musselman, J Neural Eng 20:acda64, 2023b). We also modeled rat VNS (n = 9) with the Micro-Leads Neuro bipolar cuff. We calculated thresholds for fiber activation (A-, B-, and C-fibers) with biphasic rectangular pulses (0.13, 0.25, 0.5 ms). We defined \"K\" as the ratio of activation thresholds between a pair of individuals. We used a mixed model ANOVA on the natural logarithm of K to test for differences in inter-species Ks across fiber types and pulse widths. Lastly, using the same nerve morphologies and application-specific device design (cuff and waveform), we developed models to predict nerve responses in chronic human and rat VNS studies for treatment of stroke, inflammation, and heart failure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Depending on the individual and species, the activation amplitude required to produce a given nerve response varied widely. Thus, applying the same VNS parameters across individuals within a species produced a large range of nerve responses. Further, applying the same or linearly scaled stimulation amplitudes across species also produced highly variable responses. Ks were greater for B fibers than A fibers (p < 0.0001) and decreased with longer pulse widths (p < 0.0001 between consecutive pairs).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The results highlight the need for systematic approaches to select stimulation parameters that account for individual- and species-specific differences in nerve responses to stimulation. Such parameter tuning may lead to higher response rates and greater therapeutic benefits from VNS therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12083175/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144082412","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent advances in targeting obesity, with a focus on TGF-β signaling and vagus nerve innervation.","authors":"Sahara John, Krishanu Bhowmick, Andrew Park, Hai Huang, Xiaochun Yang, Lopa Mishra","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00172-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-025-00172-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Over a third of the global population is affected by obesity, fatty liver disease (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease, MASLD), and its severe form, MASH (Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatohepatitis), which can ultimately progress to hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Recent advancements include therapeutics such as glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) agonists and neural/vagal modulation strategies for these disorders. Among the many pathways regulating these conditions, emerging insights into transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) signaling highlight potential future targets through its role in pathophysiological processes such as adipogenesis, inflammation, and fibrosis. Vagus nerve innervation in the gastrointestinal tract is involved in satiety regulation and energy homeostasis, and vagus nerve stimulation has been applied in weight loss and diabetes. This review explores clinical trials in obesity, novel therapeutic targets, and the role of TGF-β signaling and vagus nerve modulation in obesity-related liver diseases and HCC.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12042417/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143997951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical evaluation of a novel disposable neurostimulator used to accelerate regeneration of injured peripheral nerves in the hand.","authors":"Christopher J Coroneos, Carolyn Levis, Michael P Willand, Katelyn Jw So, James R Bain","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00171-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-025-00171-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preclinical and early clinical evidence demonstrates that electrical stimulation (ES) applied for one hour following surgical nerve intervention enhances axonal regeneration and functional outcomes. Wide clinical implementation however, has been hindered by a lack of suitably designed stimulators. The aim of this pilot study was to investigate sensory recovery, safety, tolerability, and RCT feasibility for the use of a novel single-use stimulator to deliver ES therapy in an acute nerve transection cohort.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Patients with complete transection of a proper digital nerve were included in the trial. An investigational version of PeriPulse^TM was used with intraoperative electrode implantation and 1-hour ES therapy delivered postoperatively. Patient tolerance was assessed during stimulation and visual-analogue pain scores were collected at the first post-operative visit. At 3- and 6-months post-op, sensory recovery and quality of life were assessed using 2-point discrimination, monofilament tests, and the Disability of Arm, Shoulder, and Hand (DASH) questionnaire, respectively.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 10 patients were enrolled. Intraoperative electrode placement did not impact operating room time, taking less than 5 minutes to implement. There were no related adverse events. Participants reported tolerable stimulation during ES therapy with no reports of pain. At the first post-operative visit patients had a mean visual-analogue pain score of 0.6 (range 0 - 1.9). Pressure threshold detection significantly improved between baseline, 3 months and 6 months. A greater proportion of ES treated patients (87.5%) had improved hand pressure thresholds (diminished light touch or diminished protective sensation) at 6 months compared to a historical comparator group. DASH scores improved over the timeline. Participants treated with ES therapy experienced minimal postoperative functional disability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The use of the PeriPulse^TM prototype for the delivery of perioperative ES therapy was safe, well-tolerated, and usable. Sensory recovery was demonstrated and a larger RCT is feasible.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong> NCT04732936; 2021 - 01 - 29.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12023366/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144012364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low intensity trans-spinal focused ultrasound reduces mechanical sensitivity and suppresses spinal microglia activation in rats with chronic constriction injury.","authors":"Weiguo Song, Alice Giannotti, Alexandra Bekiaridou, Ona Bloom, Stavros Zanos","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00170-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00170-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Low intensity, trans-spinal focused ultrasound (tsFUS) is a noninvasive neuromodulation approach that has been shown to modulate spinal circuit excitability in healthy rats. Here, we evaluated the potential of tsFUS for alleviating neuropathic pain by testing it in a chronic constriction injury (CCI) model. Male rats underwent CCI of the left sciatic nerve and then received tsFUS (2 kHz pulse repetition frequency; 40% duty cycle) or sham stimulation, targeted at spinal segment level L5 for 3 min daily over three days. As expected, CCI causes significant reduction of von Frey Threshold (vFT), a measure of mechanical sensitivity. We found that tsFUS treatment is associated with increased vFT compared to sham; this increase persists beyond the duration of treatment, through days 4 to 23 post-CCI. In spinal cords of tsFUS-treated animals, counts of spinal microglia (Iba1 + cells) and of activated, pro-inflammatory microglia (Iba1 + /CD86 + cells), are reduced compared to sham-treated animals. This reduction in microglia counts is limited to the insonified side of the spinal cord, ipsilateral to CCI. These findings suggest that tsFUS may be a promising approach for treatment of neuropathic pain at early stages, possibly by attenuating the development of microglial-driven inflammation.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11956222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143756190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Focal control of non-invasive deep brain stimulation using multipolar temporal interference.","authors":"Boris Botzanowski, Emma Acerbo, Sebastian Lehmann, Sarah L Kearsley, Melanie Steiner, Esra Neufeld, Florian Missey, Lyle Muller, Viktor Jirsa, Brian D Corneil, Adam Williamson","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00169-6","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00169-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Temporal interference (TI) is a method of non-invasive brain stimulation using transcutaneous electrodes which allows the targeting and modulation of deeper brain structures, not normally associated with non-invasive simulation, while avoiding unwanted stimulation of shallower cortical structures. The properties of TI have been previously demonstrated, however, the problem of decoupling stimulation focality from stimulation intensity has not yet been well addressed. In this paper, we provide a possible novel solution, multipolar TI (mTI), which allows increased independent control over both the size of the stimulated region and the stimulation intensity. The mTI method uses multiple carrier frequencies to create multiple overlapping amplitude-modulated envelopes, rather than using one envelope as in standard TI. The study presents an explanation of the concept of mTI along with experimental data gathered from Rhesus macaques and mice. We improved the focality at depth in anesthetized mice and monkeys, and using the new focality in awake monkeys, evoked targeted activity at depth in the superior colliculus. The mTI method could be an interesting and potentially useful new tool alongside other forms of non-invasive brain stimulation. Teaser Multipolar Temporal Interference Stimulation can produce a more focal brain stimulation at depth compared to Temporal Interference.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948895/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overcoming failure: improving acceptance and success of implanted neural interfaces.","authors":"Ashley N Dalrymple, Sonny T Jones, James B Fallon, Robert K Shepherd, Douglas J Weber","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00168-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00168-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Implanted neural interfaces are electronic devices that stimulate or record from neurons with the purpose of improving the quality of life of people who suffer from neural injury or disease. Devices have been designed to interact with neurons throughout the body to treat a growing variety of conditions. The development and use of implanted neural interfaces is increasing steadily and has shown great success, with implants lasting for years to decades and improving the health and quality of life of many patient populations. Despite these successes, implanted neural interfaces face a multitude of challenges to remain effective for the lifetime of their users. The devices are comprised of several electronic and mechanical components that each may be susceptible to failure. Furthermore, implanted neural interfaces, like any foreign body, will evoke an immune response. The immune response will differ for implants in the central nervous system and peripheral nervous system, as well as over time, ultimately resulting in encapsulation of the device. This review describes the challenges faced by developers of neural interface systems, particularly devices already in use in humans. The mechanical and technological failure modes of each component of an implant system is described. The acute and chronic reactions to devices in the peripheral and central nervous system and how they affect system performance are depicted. Further, physical challenges such as micro and macro movements are reviewed. The clinical implications of device failures are summarized and a guide for determining the severity of complication was developed and provided. Common methods to diagnose and examine mechanical, technological, and biological failure modes at various stages of development and testing are outlined, with an emphasis on chronic in vivo characterization of implant systems. Finally, this review concludes with an overview of some of the innovative solutions developed to reduce or resolve the challenges faced by implanted neural interface systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11907899/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143626878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID - a critical disruption of cholinergic neurotransmission?","authors":"Marco Leitzke, Donald Troy Roach, Swen Hesse, Peter Schönknecht, Georg-Alexander Becker, Michael Rullmann, Bernhardt Sattler, Osama Sabri","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00167-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00167-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Following the COVID-19 pandemic, there are many chronically ill Long COVID (LC) patients with different symptoms of varying degrees of severity. The pathological pathways of LC remain unclear until recently and make identification of path mechanisms and exploration of therapeutic options an urgent challenge. There is an apparent relationship between LC symptoms and impaired cholinergic neurotransmission.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This paper reviews the current literature on the effects of blocked nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) on the main affected organ and cell systems and contrasts this with the unblocking effects of the alkaloid nicotine. In addition, mechanisms are presented that could explain the previously unexplained phenomenon of post-vaccination syndrome (PVS). The fact that not only SARS-CoV-2 but numerous other viruses can bind to nAChRs is discussed under the assumption that numerous other post-viral diseases and autoimmune diseases (ADs) may also be due to impaired cholinergic transmission. We also present a case report that demonstrates changes in cholinergic transmission, specifically, the availability of α4β2 nAChRs by using (-)-[¹⁸F]Flubatine whole-body positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of cholinergic dysfunction in a LC patient along with a significant neurological improvement before and after low-dose transcutaneous nicotine (LDTN) administration. Lastly, a descriptive analysis and evaluation were conducted on the results of a survey involving 231 users of LDTN.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A substantial body of research has emerged that offers a compelling explanation for the phenomenon of LC, suggesting that it can be plausibly explained because of impaired nAChR function in the human body. Following a ten-day course of transcutaneous nicotine administration, no enduring neuropathological manifestations were observed in the patient. This observation was accompanied by a significant increase in the number of free ligand binding sites (LBS) of nAChRs, as determined by (-)-[¹⁸F]Flubatine PET imaging. The analysis of the survey shows that the majority of patients (73.5%) report a significant improvement in the symptoms of their LC/MEF/CFS disease as a result of LDTN.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In conclusion, based on current knowledge, LDTN appears to be a promising and safe procedure to relieve LC symptoms with no expected long-term harm.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866872/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vivo electrophysiology recordings and computational modeling can predict octopus arm movement.","authors":"Nitish Satya Sai Gedela, Ryan D Radawiec, Sachin Salim, Julianna Richie, Cynthia Chestek, Anne Draelos, Galit Pelled","doi":"10.1186/s42234-025-00166-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-025-00166-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The octopus has many features that make it advantageous for revealing principles of motor circuits and control and predicting behavior. Here, an array of carbon electrodes providing single-unit electrophysiology recordings were implanted into the octopus anterior nerve cord. The number of spikes and arm movements in response to stimulation at different locations along the arm were recorded. We observed that the number of spikes occurring within the first 100 ms after stimulation were predictive of the resultant movement response. Machine learning models showed that temporal electrophysiological features could be used to predict whether an arm movement occurred with 88.64% confidence, and if it was a lateral arm movement or a grasping motion with 75.45% confidence. Both supervised and unsupervised methods were applied to gain streaming measurements of octopus arm movements and how their motor circuitry produces rich movement types in real time. For kinematic analysis, deep learning models and unsupervised dimensionality reduction identified a consistent set of features that could be used to distinguish different types of arm movements. The neural circuits and the computational models identified here generated predictions for how to evoke a particular, complex movement in an orchestrated sequence for an individual motor circuit. This study demonstrates how real-time motor behaviors can be predicted and distinguished, contributing to the development of brain-machine interfaces. The ability to accurately model and predict complex movement patterns has broad implications for advancing technologies in robotics, neuroprosthetics, and artificial intelligence, paving the way for more sophisticated and adaptable systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"11 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11827351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143416421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}