Bioelectronic medicine最新文献

{"title":"Comparisons of different electrical stimulation modalities for treating visceral pain in a rodent model of irritable bowel syndrome.","authors":"Md Jahangir Alam, Tingting Zhao, John W Wiley, Jiande D Z Chen","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00158-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00158-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of different electrical stimulation methods (bilateral electroacupuncture (BEA), unilateral EA (UEA), transcutaneous electrical acustimulation (TEA, stimulation via surface electrodes placed at acupoints), and sacral nerve stimulation (SNS)) on visceral pain in a rodent model of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). Ten-day-old male and female pups were treated with 0.2 ml of 0.5% acetic acid (AA) solution. Visceral sensitivity was assessed using an electromyogram (EMG) in response to graded colorectal distension. In the first experiment, bilateral EA at ST36 acupoint was performed with different parameters in male rats to determine the best stimulation parameters. In the second experiment, male rats were randomly assigned into the Sham, BEA, UEA, TEA, and SNS groups to determine the best stimulation method. Lastly, the AA-treated female rats were randomly assigned into the BEA and sham groups to investigate a potential treatment difference between the sexes. Two distinct sets of stimulation parameters were used: Set 1 (100 Hz, 0.5 ms pulse width, 0.1 s ON, 0.4 s OFF, 0.4-3.0 mA current) and Set 2 (25 Hz, 0.5 ms pulse width, 2 s ON, 3 s OFF, 0.4-3.0 mA current).Results (1) The parameter set of 100Hz was found to be most effective in reducing visceral pain. (2) Both acute UEA and TEA effectively relieved visceral pain, whereas acute SNS did not exhibit such an effect. (3) Acute BEA improved visceral pain in both male and female rats.Conclusions These findings suggest that transcutaneous ST36 stimulation is as effective as direct ST36 stimulation and unilateral ST36 stimulation is comparable to bilateral stimulation. Development of a novel therapy using unilateral transcutaneous ST36 stimulation is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11552343/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142633753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Blue light stimulation of the blind spot in human: from melanopsin to clinically relevant biomarkers of myopia.","authors":"Ana Amorim-de-Sousa, Ranjay Chakraborty, Michael J Collins, Paulo Fernandes, José González-Méijome, Jens Hannibal, Hosein Hoseini-Yazdi, Scott A Read, Jens Ellrich, Tim Schilling","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00159-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The protective effects of time spent outdoors emphasize the major role of daylight in myopia. Based on the pathophysiology of myopia, the impact of blue light stimulation on the signaling cascade, from melanopsin at the blind spot to clinically relevant biomarkers for myopia, was investigated. Parameters and site of light stimulation are mainly defined by the photopigment melanopsin, that is sensitive to blue light with a peak wavelength of 480 nm and localized on the intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGC) whose axons converge to the optic disc, corresponding to the physiological blind spot. Blue light at the blind spot (BluSpot) stimulation provides the opportunity to activate the vast majority of ipRGC and avoids additional involvement of rods and cones which may exert incalculable effects on the signaling cascade.Experimental studies have applied anatomical, histochemical, electrophysiological, imaging, and psychophysical methods to unravel the mode of action of BluSpot stimulation. Results indicate activation of melanopsin, improvement of contrast sensitivity, gain in electrical retinal activity, and increase of choroidal thickness following BluSpot stimulation. Short-term changes of clinically relevant biomarkers lead to the hypothesis that BluSpot stimulation may exert antimyopic effects with long-term application.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11533427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142570224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Machine learning-optimized non-invasive brain stimulation and treatment response classification for major depression.","authors":"Alejandro Albizu, Aprinda Indahlastari, Paulo Suen, Ziqian Huang, Jori L Waner, Skylar E Stolte, Ruogu Fang, Andre R Brunoni, Adam J Woods","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00157-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00157-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/objectives: </strong>Transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a non-invasive brain stimulation intervention that shows promise as a potential treatment for depression. However, the clinical efficacy of tDCS varies, possibly due to individual differences in head anatomy affecting tDCS dosage. While functional changes in brain activity are more commonly reported in major depressive disorder (MDD), some studies suggest that subtle macroscopic structural differences, such as cortical thickness or brain volume reductions, may occur in MDD and could influence tDCS electric field (E-field) distributions. Therefore, accounting for individual anatomical differences may provide a pathway to optimize functional gains in MDD by formulating personalized tDCS dosage.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>To address the dosing variability of tDCS, we examined a subsample of sixteen active-tDCS participants' data from the larger ELECT clinical trial (NCT01894815). With this dataset, individualized neuroimaging-derived computational models of tDCS current were generated for (1) classifying treatment response, (2) elucidating essential stimulation features associated with treatment response, and (3) computing a personalized dose of tDCS to maximize the likelihood of treatment response in MDD.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the ELECT trial, tDCS was superior to placebo (3.2 points [95% CI, 0.7 to 5.5; P = 0.01]). Our algorithm achieved over 90% overall accuracy in classifying treatment responders from the active-tDCS group (AUC = 0.90, F1 = 0.92, MCC = 0.79). Computed precision doses also achieved an average response likelihood of 99.981% and decreased dosing variability by 91.9%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings support our previously developed precision-dosing method for a new application in psychiatry by optimizing the statistical likelihood of tDCS treatment response in MDD.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11524011/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142549259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Design and development of a machine-learning-driven opioid overdose risk prediction tool integrated in electronic health records in primary care settings.","authors":"Khoa Nguyen, Debbie L Wilson, Julie Diiulio, Bradley Hall, Laura Militello, Walid F Gellad, Christopher A Harle, Motomori Lewis, Siegfried Schmidt, Eric I Rosenberg, Danielle Nelson, Xing He, Yonghui Wu, Jiang Bian, Stephanie A S Staras, Adam J Gordon, Jerry Cochran, Courtney Kuza, Seonkyeong Yang, Weihsuan Lo-Ciganic","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00156-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00156-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Integrating advanced machine-learning (ML) algorithms into clinical practice is challenging and requires interdisciplinary collaboration to develop transparent, interpretable, and ethically sound clinical decision support (CDS) tools. We aimed to design a ML-driven CDS tool to predict opioid overdose risk and gather feedback for its integration into the University of Florida Health (UFHealth) electronic health record (EHR) system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used user-centered design methods to integrate the ML algorithm into the EHR system. The backend and UI design sub-teams collaborated closely, both informed by user feedback sessions. We conducted seven user feedback sessions with five UF Health primary care physicians (PCPs) to explore aspects of CDS tools, including workflow, risk display, and risk mitigation strategies. After customizing the tool based on PCPs' feedback, we held two rounds of one-on-one usability testing sessions with 8 additional PCPs to gather feedback on prototype alerts. These sessions informed iterative UI design and backend processes, including alert frequency and reappearance circumstances.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The backend process development identified needs and requirements from our team, information technology, UFHealth, and PCPs. Thirteen PCPs (male = 62%, White = 85%) participated across 7 user feedback sessions and 8 usability testing sessions. During the user feedback sessions, PCPs (n = 5) identified flaws such as the term \"high risk\" of overdose potentially leading to unintended consequences (e.g., immediate addiction services referrals), offered suggestions, and expressed trust in the tool. In the first usability testing session, PCPs (n = 4) emphasized the need for natural risk presentation (e.g., 1 in 200) and suggested displaying the alert multiple times yearly for at-risk patients. Another 4 PCPs in the second usability testing session valued the UFHealth-specific alert for managing new or unfamiliar patients, expressed concerns about PCPs' workload when prescribing to high-risk patients, and recommended incorporating the details page into training sessions to enhance usability.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The final backend process for our CDS alert aligns with PCP needs and UFHealth standards. Integrating feedback from PCPs in the early development phase of our ML-driven CDS tool helped identify barriers and facilitators in the CDS integration process. This collaborative approach yielded a refined prototype aimed at minimizing unintended consequences and enhancing usability.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11488086/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482143","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Virtual reality in stroke recovery: a meta-review of systematic reviews.","authors":"Ammar Khan, Yahia Z Imam, Mohamed Muneer, Salman Al Jerdi, Sumanjit K Gill","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00150-9","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00150-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Virtual Reality (VR) is an emerging technology in post stroke recovery. However, its precise role in stroke rehabilitation is not well defined. The aim of this paper is to conduct an overview of systematic reviews on the role of VR in stroke rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A meta-review with results from a search of 7 databases from inception till 5^th December 2022 with subsequent quality appraisal was conducted. The primary outcome was to produce a narrative review on the efficacy of VR versus usual or other care in stroke recovery. Data was synthesized in a descriptive fashion and high-quality systematic reviews were emphasized. The AMSTAR-2 tool was used for quality assessment of the included studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Evidence from high-quality systematic reviews suggests that there is benefit from VR in upper limb, lower limb, gait, and balance recovery particularly when additive to conventional therapy. There is also limited evidence to suggest that VR has a positive effect in those with impaired cognition.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>VR is safe and effective as an adjunct to conventional therapy for adults after stroke and should be used routinely for upper and lower limb motor recovery. Further high-quality studies that evaluate its efficacy and explore ways to increase its positive impact in areas such as cognition are required. There is also a scope for the development of stroke-specific virtual environments. (PROSPERO registration # CRD42022372926).</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11452980/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142376329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vagal nerve stimulation in myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury: from bench to bedside.","authors":"Giuseppe Giannino, Lorenzo Nocera, Maria Andolfatto, Valentina Braia, Federico Giacobbe, Francesco Bruno, Andrea Saglietto, Filippo Angelini, Ovidio De Filippo, Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Gaetano Maria De Ferrari, Veronica Dusi","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00153-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s42234-024-00153-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The identification of acute cardioprotective strategies against myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury that can be applied in the catheterization room is currently an unmet clinical need and several interventions evaluated in the past at the pre-clinical level have failed in translation. Autonomic imbalance, sustained by an abnormal afferent signalling, is a key component of I/R injury. Accordingly, there is a strong rationale for neuromodulation strategies, aimed at reducing sympathetic activity and/or increasing vagal tone, in this setting. In this review we focus on cervical vagal nerve stimulation (cVNS) and on transcutaneous auricular vagus nerve stimulation (taVNS); the latest has the potential to overcome several of the issues of invasive cVNS, including the possibility of being used in an acute setting, while retaining its beneficial effects. First, we discuss the pathophysiology of I/R injury, that is mostly a consequence of the overproduction of reactive oxygen species. Second, we describe the functional anatomy of the parasympathetic branch of the autonomic nervous system and the most relevant principles of bioelectronic medicine applied to electrical vagal modulation, with a particular focus on taVNS. Then, we provide a detailed and comprehensive summary of the most relevant pre-clinical studies of invasive and non-invasive VNS that support its strong cardioprotective effect whenever there is an acute or chronic cardiac injury and specifically in the setting of myocardial I/R injury. The potential benefit in the emerging field of post cardiac arrest syndrome (PCAS) is also mentioned. Indeed, electrical cVNS has a strong anti-adrenergic, anti-inflammatory, antioxidants, anti-apoptotic and pro-angiogenic effect; most of the involved molecular pathways were already directly confirmed to take place at the cardiac level for taVNS. Pre-clinical data clearly show that the sooner VNS is applied, the better the outcome, with the possibility of a marked infarct size reduction and almost complete left ventricular reverse remodelling when VNS is applied immediately before and during reperfusion. Finally, we describe in detail the limited but very promising clinical experience of taVNS in I/R injury available so far.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11395864/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142302314","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The brain-heart-immune axis: a vago-centric framework for predicting and enhancing resilient recovery in older surgery patients.","authors":"Leah Acker, Kevin Xu, J P Ginsberg","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00155-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00155-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nearly all geriatric surgical complications are studied in the context of a single organ system, e.g., cardiac complications and the heart; delirium and the brain; infections and the immune system. Yet, we know that advanced age, physiological stress, and infection all increase sympathetic and decrease parasympathetic nervous system function. Parasympathetic function is mediated through the vagus nerve, which connects the heart, brain, and immune system to form, what we have termed, the brain-heart-immune axis. We hypothesize that this brain-heart-immune axis plays a critical role in surgical recovery among older adults. In particular, we hypothesize that the brain-heart-immune axis plays a critical role in the most common surgical complication among older adults: postoperative delirium. Further, we present heart rate variability as a measure that may eventually become a multi-system vital sign evaluating brain-heart-immune axis function. Finally, we suggest the brain-heart-immune axis as a potential interventional target for bio-electronic neuro-immune modulation to enhance resilient surgical recovery among older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"21"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11367755/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142115497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of a conductive hydrogel@Carbon fibers electrode as a novel intraneural interface.","authors":"Alice Giannotti, Ranieri Santanché, Ciro Zinno, Jacopo Carpaneto, Silvestro Micera, Eugenio Redolfi Riva","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00154-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00154-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Peripheral neural interfaces facilitate bidirectional communication between the nervous system and external devices, enabling precise control for prosthetic limbs, sensory feedback systems, and therapeutic interventions in the field of Bioelectronic Medicine. Intraneural interfaces hold great promise since they ensure high selectivity in communicating only with the desired nerve fascicles. Despite significant advancements, challenges such as chronic immune response, signal degradation over time, and lack of long-term biocompatibility remain critical considerations in the development of such devices. Here we report on the development and benchtop characterization of a novel design of an intraneural interface based on carbon fiber bundles. Carbon fibers possess low impedance, enabling enhanced signal detection and stimulation efficacy compared to traditional metal electrodes. We provided a 3D-stabilizing structure for the carbon fiber bundles made of PEDOT:PSS hydrogel, to enhance the biocompatibility between the carbon fibers and the nervous tissue. We further coated the overall bundles with a thin layer of elastomeric material to provide electrical insulation. Taken together, our results demonstrated that our electrode possesses adequate structural and electrochemical properties to ensure proper stimulation and recording of peripheral nerve fibers and a biocompatible interface with the nervous tissue.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11348655/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142074618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The rise of bioelectronic medicine.","authors":"Dimitrios A Koutsouras, George G Malliaras, Geert Langereis","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00151-8","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00151-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioelectronic Medicine (BEM), which uses implantable electronic medical devices to interface with electrically active tissues, aspires to revolutionize the way we understand and fight disease. By leveraging knowledge from microelectronics, materials science, information technology, neuroscience and medicine, BEM promises to offer novel solutions that address unmet clinical needs and change the concept of therapeutics. This perspective communicates our vision for the future of BEM and presents the necessary steps that need to be taken and the challenges that need to be faced before this new technology can flourish.</p>","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"19"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11337583/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142010030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: The role of spinal cord neuroanatomy in the variances of epidural spinal recordings.","authors":"Danny V Lam, Justin Chin, Meagan K Brucker-Hahn, Megan Settell, Ben Romanauski, Nishant Verma, Aniruddha Upadhye, Ashlesha Deshmukh, Aaron Skubal, Yuichiro Nishiyama, Jian Hao, J Luis Lujan, Simeng Zhang, Bruce Knudsen, Stephan Blanz, Scott F Lempka, Kip A Ludwig, Andrew J Shoffstall, Hyun-Joo Park, Erika Ross Ellison, Mingming Zhang, Igor Lavrov","doi":"10.1186/s42234-024-00152-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s42234-024-00152-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72363,"journal":{"name":"Bioelectronic medicine","volume":"10 1","pages":"18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11304903/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141903751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}