Archives of microbiology & immunology最新文献

{"title":"Activation of Human Dendritic Cells by Nanoparticles Carrying CTL Epitopes of Non-Structural Proteins of Hepatitis C Virus","authors":"Kuprianov Victor, Lyudmila Nikolaeva, A. Zykova, A. Dedova, Artemiy Vakhrameev, N. Ravin","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650075","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650075","url":null,"abstract":"Activation of human dendritic cells by nanoparticles carrying CTL epitopes of non-structural proteins of hepatitis C virus. Archives of Microbiology and Immunology 6 (2022): 39-50. Abstract The aim of this study was to produce immunogenic nanoparticles carrying cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) epitopes of hepatitis C virus non-structural proteins. We have obtained recombinant proteins forming virus-like particles and containing the sequences of self-assembling peptides (SAP), PADRE, and CTL epitopes. Using atomic force microscopy (AFM), the size of thus obtained nanoparticles was shown to be dependent on number of CTL epitopes proliferative activity and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) production by the stimulated T lymphocytes were evaluated by their secondary stimulation with commercially available mixture of peptides from non-structural proteins of hepatitis C virus. The greatest stimulating effect on T lymphocytes was exerted by DCs activated by nanoparticles, consisting of the recombinant mosaic protein with SAP at the N terminus and CTL epitopes of NS3, NS4a, and NS4b proteins at the C terminus. The presence of SAP in recombinant proteins’ sequences increased their immunogenicity. glycine linker at the BamH1-Sac1 to improve the interaction of the hexahistidine site with the Ni sorbent during purification. Nucleotide sequences optimized for E. coli encoded the recombinant proteins.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344437","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Associations of Statin Use with Deep Surgical Site Infections and Late Non-Infectious Revision Surgeries in Patients Undergoing Orthopedic Surgery: A Clinical Cohort Study","authors":"I. Unterfrauner, Maurits G L Olthof, P. Jans, R. Schüpbach, Anita Hasler, M. Farshad, Michael Betz, I. Uçkay","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650077","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650077","url":null,"abstract":"Statins have multiple preventive properties. We investigate if a chronic perioperative statin medication for cardiovascular indications reduces deep orthopedic surgical site infections (SSI), and other late non-infectious complications, in adult patients. We performed a single-center cohort of primary orthopedic interventions 20142019; with the exclusion of infection surgery and diabetic foot surgery. Group comparisons with Cox regression analyses; with and without propensity-score matching (nearest neighbor approach). We included 20,088 interventions in 20,088 different patients (median age 53 years, 49% females, 5% diabetes mellitus). Among them, 2,486 episodes (12%) revealed a pre-operative statin therapy (222 different brands and doses). After a median follow-up of 11 months, 1,414 episodes needed a surgical revision: 158 (0.8%) due to deep SSI and 1256 (6.3%) for non-infectious reasons. In multivariate Cox regression analyses, statin use was unrelated to both SSI (hazard ratio Arch Microbiol Immunology 2022; 6 (1): 65-80 DOI: 10.26502/ ami.93650077 Arch Microbiol Immunology Vol. 6 No. 1 March 2022. 66 (HR) 0.9; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.6-1.4) and non-infectious complications (HR 1.1, 95%CI 0.9-1.3). We equally lacked associations when we associated deep SSIS with statin use for the subgroups of implant-related surgery (HR 0.8, 95%CI 0.4-1.6) or orthroplasties (HR 0.8, 95%CI 0.3-2.6), separately. Likewise, propensity-score matched analyses on the variable “statin” equally failed to alter these outcomes. In our large cohort study with 20,088 orthopedic interventions, we found no protective association of a statin medication on deep SSI risks; or on other late non-infectious complications requiring revision surgery.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inhibition of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Biofilm Proliferation by Chitosan Isolated from Portunus Pelagicus (Linnaeus 1758)","authors":"Therese Baller Guanzon, Brian Mortejo Denney, Berley Jane Diaz Aurestila, Angelica Mae Evardo Manliguez, Kristiane Fortun Codera, Joseph Pilones Cabrera, Glydenne Glaire Poncardas Gayam, Joanna Compay Cabriles, Michel Marilouis Lozada","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650079","url":null,"abstract":"The dramatic increase of microorganisms capable of producing structures which render them drug resistant calls for novel antimicrobial agents. MRSA, a nosocomial drug-resistant pathogen, is capable of adhering to surfaces of medical devices and produce biofilm which render it antibiotic resistant. This study investigated the potential antibiofilm activity of chitosan extracted from Portunus pelagicus (Linnaeus, 1758) against MRSA biofilms. Chitosan was extracted using a 3-step process: demineralization with an acid solution, deproteination with a low concentration of alkaline and deacetylation with concentrated alkaline solution. Preformed biofilms of MRSA were then treated with the extracted chitosan (treatment group) and 0.1M acetic acid (control group). The chitosan extracted had antibiofilm activity against MRSA. Films treated with chitosan showed optical density values of 0.5392±0.0454, 0.4897±0.0638, and 0.4284±0.0500 (control group with 0.6951±0.0659, 0.7373±0.0618, and 0.8064±0.0418) at 24, 48, and 72 hours respectively. On the average, optical density of group treated with 0.1M acetic acid ( ) was significantly higher than group treated with Arch Microbiol Immunology 2022; 6 (1): 101-114 DOI: 10.26502/ ami.93650079 Arch Microbiol Immunology Vol. 6 No. 1 March 2022. 102 chitosan ( ). The ability of chitosan to inhibit biofilm proliferation was demonstrated as an increase in the calculated percent biofilm inhibition values as incubation time was lengthened with mean percent (%) inhibition of biofilms of 22.06±6.71, 33.27±9.63, and 46.92±5.03 at 24, 48, and 72 hours correspondingly. Viewed on scanning electron microscope, significant morphologic membrane changes were noted at Chitosan treatment group after 72 hours seen as misshapen shrunken deformities in the cell membrane, however, no gross membrane disruption or pore formation were noted.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacterial Infection and Antibiotic Resistance Seen in the Laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana","authors":"Fidiniaina Mamy Randriatsarafara, Zafindrasoa Domoina Rakotovao-Ravahatra, M. K. Ranaivosoa, Andriamiadana Luc Rakotovao","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650073","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650073","url":null,"abstract":"Bacterial Infection and Antibiotic Resistance Seen In Abstract Background : Bacterial infections are common in hospitals. The objectives of the present study are to describe the bacteriological profile of bacterial infections and to assess the antibiotic resistance of bacteria at the Befelatananana University Hospital. Methods: This is a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive study from July 01 to December 31, 2019 at the laboratory of the University Hospital of Befelatanana. Results : Among the 1150 patients, 397 were affected by bacterial infections, for a prevalence of 34.5%. Enterobacteriaceae were the most frequently isolated with 164 (40%) with pus swabs (80%; p = 10-6) were most affected by bacterial infections. The majority of bacteria were resistant to penicillins and cotrimoxazole (40.6% to 100% resistance). Staphylococci and streptococci were all susceptible to vancomycin. All Gram-negative bacilli were susceptible to amikacin and imipenem except the genus Acinetobacter which showed 58.3% resistance to amikacin and 75% resistance to imipenem. Conclusion : Empirical treatments for infectious diseases and self-medication should be avoided in order to improve the management of patients with bacterial infections.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"P22 Phage Shows Promising Antibacterial Activity under Pathophysiological Conditions.","authors":"Logan Gildea,&nbsp;Joseph A Ayariga,&nbsp;Boakai K Robertson,&nbsp;Robert Villafane","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650078","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650078","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The prevalence of multidrug resistant bacterial diseases is a major global health risk. Multidrug resistant bacterial diseases are prevalent, and the need for novel methods of treatment is essential to the preservation of public health. Annually foodborne pathogens cause 1.35 million infections and 26,500 hospitalizations in the United States alone. Foodborne pathogens such as <i>Salmonella</i> spp. are a major threat to public health. Bacteriophages offer a unique method for the treatment of these multidrug resistant bacteria. We studied the infection dynamics of a potential mono-phage therapy of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> under various pathophysiological conditions. Furthermore, we determined the resistance dynamics of <i>Salmonella typhimurium</i> against P22 phage treatment. We also determined synergy with antibiotics such as ampicillin and kanamycin. This research helps to further define and show the versatility of bacteriophages as potential novel treatment methods.</p>","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"6 1","pages":"81-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9392898/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40412129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Role of Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis as a Mechanism of Pathogenicity in Pseudomonas Biofilms","authors":"Keerthi S, Vishnu Raj M, Maya Nandkumar A","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650074","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650074","url":null,"abstract":"Role of Inflammasome-Mediated Pyroptosis as a Mechanism of Pathogenicity in Pseudomonas Biofilms. Abstract Most of the studied mechanisms of pathogenesis hold true for planktonic bacterial infections, while pathogenesis of biofilm is less well understood. Hence, in the current study, we delineate the mechanism of pathogenicity of Pseudomonas biofilms. The model systems used to understand cell-microbial interactions were A549 monolayers representing lung epithelium, THP1 cells representing the immune system, and a combination of both, representing a multicellular system. Our study shows that biofilm of Pseudomonas on endotracheal tube (ETT) reduced reactive oxygen species generation in A549 and THP1 . Assessment of morphological changes during infection revealed features of both apoptosis and necrosis in all systems challenged with biofilms of A reduction in IL8, IL6 and iNOS was observed in all the three model systems challenged with Pseudomonas biofilms on ETT, with a concomitant observation of DNA fragmentation, within an intact nuclear membrane. Taken together, our data suggest that biofilms induce inflammasome activation, as evidenced by the increase in casapase 1 and IL-1β upregulation; downregulation of caspase 3 rules out apoptosis as a mechanism of pathogenicity. This provides an insight into the mechanism of chronic inflammation during biofilm infection.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long COVID-19 syndrome precaution and management","authors":"H. Abdelfatah","doi":"10.26502/AMI.93650060","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/AMI.93650060","url":null,"abstract":"COVID-19 virus defined as illness caused by a novel corona virus which first discovered in Wuhan City, China. And On January 30, 2020, the WHO awarded the global health emergency. This is a review of COVID-19's highly affects on almost all the organs and how we precaution and management as the COVID-19 causes many systemic abnormalities like inflammation, endotheliitis, vasoconstriction, hypercoagulability, edema and Lymphocytopenia, with elevated D-dimer, and disseminated intravascular coagulation. Deep vein thrombosis and venous, thrombosis with pulmonary embolization, systemic and pulmonary arterial thrombosis, embolism are reported, ischemic stroke changes, and myocardial infarction are reported also. It can lead to acute coronary syndrome, with heart failure and myocarditis, arrhythmias. Kidney affection was usually secondary to systemic allover disturbances. Stroke may occurred. Delirium and seizures symptoms are common. Impaired the tastes are reported with Psychological disturbances are commonly, Lactate dehydrogenase may be elevated. Many skin manifestations including patchy erythematous rash are noticeable, One of the biggest barriers standing in the way of ending the pandemic the misinformation about the COVID-19 vaccines. At this critical time the Demand for vaccines very effective as it rigorously tested and found to be safe, also Vaccines have no effect on recipients’ genetic material and not effect on fertilization also Antibodies from are estimated to last two to four months, so those who have had a previous infection still get this vaccinated.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47033036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Emerging Variants of SARS Cov-2 “A New Challenge of 2021 for the World”","authors":"H. Khadija, Roha Zahid, Saba Gulzar, Munir M. Ahmad","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650070","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relation between Water Source and Rotaviral infection: An Observational Study","authors":"Farjana Binte Habib, Mohammed Mirazur Rahman, R. Choudhury, Nasreen Ahmed, S. Chowdhury, Mohmmad Monzurul Alam Bhuiyan, Shaila Yesmin, M. Haque","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650068","url":null,"abstract":"Fecal pollution of water is a major concern in river based countries as it is associated with transmition of the pathogens. Rotavirus is one of them which is the major cause of acute severe dehydrating diarrhoea in children below five years. Arch Microbiol Immunology 2021; 5 (2): 353-361 DOI: 10.26502/ ami.93650068 Arch Microbiol Immunology Vol. 5 No. 3 September 2021. 354 This cross-sectional observational study was designed to determine the association of contaminated water source with Rotaviral infection among under five children admitted in the Department of Paediatrics, Sylhet MAG Osmani Medical College Hospital, Sylhet and was carried out in the Department of Microbiology during the period from 1st January to 31st December, 2018. Total 184 under five children with acute watery diarrhoea were enrolled in this study by convenient sampling. Stool samples were obtained and assayed for rotavirus antigens by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Rotaviral antigen was found positive in 86 cases. The Rotavirus infection was found highest in age group of 7 to 12 months (50.56%) and in male (59.30%) children. It was found significantly higher in patients from lower socioeconomic condition (64.00%), in rural area (48.75%) and those who consumed unboiled pond water (94.44%). It was found higher among those children who were not exclusively breastfed (83.87%). Bottle feeding, lower educational level of mother and improper hand washing may serve as predisposing factors of rotavirus disease in these children. Using of contaminated drinking and household water has an important relation with Rotaviral infection. Ignorance of using boiled water can play a significant role for increased prevalence of Rotaviral diarrhoea.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authenticity of Commercial Probiotics and Taxonomic Strategies of Bifidobacteria spp","authors":"Rajagopal Kammara, Athira Cheruvari, Zranseu Ella Benedicte Aka","doi":"10.26502/ami.93650066","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.93650066","url":null,"abstract":"Abstarct The article focuses on two major probiotic-related issues, the first one being the quality control and authenticity of commercially available probiotic products, the second one is various taxonomic strategies to be followed for Bifidobacterial spp. Bifidobacteria, lactic acid bacteria, and a few Enterococcal spp are probiotic microbes. The isolation and identification of probiotic microbes, other than Bifidobacterium, are simple and straightforward. PCR, reverse transcription–PCR, and many more techniques have been developed, and are in extensive use. However, they are irreproducible, laborious, and unreliable for Bifidobacterium. Almost all the problems involve the intrinsic nature of anaerobic or microaerophilic bacteria. Therefore, researchers have concentrated on developing protein-based assays for the simple and rapid identification of members of Bifidobacterium. In this review, I discuss the different methods available for the isolation and identification of this genus. The emphasis is on the F6PPK assay because it is unique to Bifidobacterium spp.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69344816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}