Archives of microbiology & immunology最新文献

Long COVID: Complications, Underlying Mechanisms, and Treatment Strategies. 长冠肺炎:并发症、潜在机制和治疗策略。

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01

Farigol Hakem Zadeh, Daniel R Wilson, Devendra K Agrawal

{"title":"Long COVID: Complications, Underlying Mechanisms, and Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Farigol Hakem Zadeh, Daniel R Wilson, Devendra K Agrawal","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Long Covid is one of the most prevalent and puzzling conditions that arose with the Covid pandemic. Covid-19 infection generally resolves within several weeks but some experience new or lingering symptoms. Though there is no formal definition for such lingering symptoms the CDC boadly describes long Covid as persons having a wide range of new, recurring or sustained health issues four or more weeks after first being infected with SARS-CoV2. The WHO defines long Covid as the manifestation of symptoms from a \"probable or confirmed\" Covid-19 infection that start approximately 3 months after the onset of the acute infection and last for more than 2 months. Numerous studies have looked at the implications of long Covid on various organs. Many specific mechanisms have been proposed for such changes. In this article, we provide an overview of some of the main mechanisms by which long Covid induces end-organ damage proposed in recent research studies. We also review various treatment options, current clinical trials, and other potential therapeutic avenues to control long Covid followed by the information about the effect of vaccination on long Covid. Lastly, we discuss some of the questions and knowledge gaps in the present understanding of long Covid. We believe more studies of the effects long Covid has on quality of life, future health and life expectancy are required to better understand and eventually prevent or treat the disease. We acknowledge the effects of long Covid are not limited to those in this article but as it may affect the health of future offspring and therefore, we deem it important to identify more prognostic and therapeutic targets to control this condition.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10310313/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9741855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Multi-Matrix Real Time PCR in 108 Patients with Polymorphic Signs Suggestive of Fibromyalgia or Related to A Tick Bite 108例提示纤维肌痛或与蜱虫叮咬相关的多态体征的多矩阵实时PCR分析

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500124

Marie Mas, Alexis Lacout, Véronique Perronne, Yannick Lequette, Yves Gadiolet, Béatrice Rambeaud, Paul Trouillas, Michel Franck, Christian Perronne

引用次数: 0

Distinguishing Swine Flu (H1N1) from COVID-19: Clinical, Virological, and Immunological Perspectives 区分猪流感(H1N1)与COVID-19:临床、病毒学和免疫学观点

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500125

Irene Batta, Tejinder Kaur, Devendra K. Agrawal

{"title":"Distinguishing Swine Flu (H1N1) from COVID-19: Clinical, Virological, and Immunological Perspectives","authors":"Irene Batta, Tejinder Kaur, Devendra K. Agrawal","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500125","url":null,"abstract":"This article provides an in-depth examination on the differences between the influenza A strain, H1N1 (also called Swine Flu) and Covid-19 focusing on the immune response and clinical symptoms. Flu symptoms due to influenza A strain, H1N1, were initially discovered in 2009. This variant of influenza A is believed to have emerged through reassortment, a process where the resulting virus inherits gene segments from each of its parental viruses. This reassortment event has resulted in a variant with altered characteristics, potentially affecting the level of immunity in humans. The symptoms of this strain typically manifest 1-4 days after exposure and include fever, cough, sore throat, runny/stuffy nose, body aches, fatigue, and gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea. The transmission dynamics of this new variant, including human-to-human transmission, are still under investigation by health authorities. Individuals with weakened immune systems are generally more susceptible to severe illness. Risk factors associated with swine flu can include older adults, young children, pregnant women, and individuals with obesity. Historical variants of swine flu, such as the 2015 variant in India, have been associated with significant case numbers and deaths, often due to respiratory failure. Since the epidemic of Covid-19 due to SARS-CoV2 in early 2020, several symptoms of COVID-19 and swine flu overlap. In this article, we critically reviewed the differences and similarities in the immune response and clinical symptoms due to H1N1 virus and SARS-CoV2 in human.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135506640","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neutrophils and Pregnancy-Associated Malaria 中性粒细胞与妊娠相关疟疾

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500119

Moussa Djimde, Kassoum Kayentao, Charles Arama, Alassane Dicko, Petra F. Mens, Henk H.D.F. Schallig

引用次数: 0

Analysis of Antibody Responses of Vaccinated Persons with Coronavac 冠状病毒疫苗接种者抗体反应分析

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500122

Aydin BALCI, Muhammed Emin DÜZ, Sibel Günay

引用次数: 0

Tafazzin Knockdown in Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances the Tafazzin Knockdown Mediated Elevation in Interleukin-10 Secretion from Murine B Lymphocytes Tafazzin敲低小鼠间充质干细胞增强Tafazzin敲低介导的小鼠B淋巴细胞白细胞介素-10分泌升高

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500111

Hana M. Zegallai, Ejlal Abu-El-Rub, Grant M. Hatch

{"title":"Tafazzin Knockdown in Murine Mesenchymal Stem Cells Enhances the Tafazzin Knockdown Mediated Elevation in Interleukin-10 Secretion from Murine B Lymphocytes","authors":"Hana M. Zegallai, Ejlal Abu-El-Rub, Grant M. Hatch","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500111","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500111","url":null,"abstract":"Barth Syndrome is a rare X-linked genetic disorder caused by mutations in the TAFAZZIN gene. We recently demonstrated that tafazzin (Taz) protein deficiency in murine mesenchymal stems (MSCs) reduces immune function of activated wild type (WT) B lymphocytes. Interleukin-10 (IL-10) is a key anti-inflammatory cytokine capable of exerting immunosuppressive effects on myeloid cells. Here we examined if Taz deficiency in murine MSCs altered proliferation and IL-10 production in Taz deficient lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated murine B lymphocytes. Bone marrow MSCs and splenic B lymphocytes were isolated from WT or Taz knockdown (TazKD) mice. WT or Taz deficient MSCs were co-cultured with either LPS-activated WT or LPS-activated Taz deficient B lymphocytes for 24 h and B cell proliferation and IL-10 production determined. Taz deficient MSCs exhibited increased phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) mRNA expression compared to WT MSCs indicative of enhanced immunosuppression. Co-culture of Taz deficient MSCs with Taz deficient LPS-activated B cells resulted in a greater reduction in proliferation of B cells compared to Taz deficient MSCs co-cultured with LPS-activated WT B cells. In addition, co-culture of Taz deficient MSCs with Taz deficient LPS-activated B cells resulted in an enhanced production of IL-10 compared to Taz deficient MSCs co-cultured with LPS-activated WT B cells. Thus, Taz deficiency in murine MSCs potentiates the Taz knockdown-mediated elevation in IL-10 secretion from LPS-activated Taz knockdown B lymphocytes. These data suggest that Taz deficient MSCs may modulate the activity of other Taz deficient immune cells potentially promoting an enhanced immunosuppressive state.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136028698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Novel Peptide that Disrupts the Lck-IP₃R Protein-Protein Interaction Induces Widespread Cell Death in Leukemia and Lymphoma. 一种破坏Lck-IP3R蛋白-蛋白相互作用的新型肽诱导白血病和淋巴瘤的广泛细胞死亡。

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-08-30 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500114

Michael W Harr, Andrew Lavik, Karen McColl, Fei Zhong, Ben Haberer, Khadijah Aldabbagh, Vivien Yee, Clark W Distelhorst

{"title":"A Novel Peptide that Disrupts the Lck-IP3R Protein-Protein Interaction Induces Widespread Cell Death in Leukemia and Lymphoma.","authors":"Michael W Harr, Andrew Lavik, Karen McColl, Fei Zhong, Ben Haberer, Khadijah Aldabbagh, Vivien Yee, Clark W Distelhorst","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500114","DOIUrl":"10.26502/ami.936500114","url":null,"abstract":"There is increasing evidence that the T-cell protein, Lck, is involved in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) as well as other leukemias and lymphomas. We previously discovered that Lck binds to domain 5 of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors (IP3R) to regulate Ca2+ homeostasis. Using bioinformatics, we targeted a region within domain 5 of IP3R-1 predicted to facilitate protein-protein interactions (PPIs). We generated a synthetic 21 amino acid peptide, KKRMDLVLELKNNASKLLLAI, which constitutes a domain 5 sub-domain (D5SD) of IP3R-1 that specifically binds Lck via its SH2 domain. With the addition of an HIV-TAT sequence to enable cell permeability of D5SD peptide, we observed wide-spread, Ca2+-dependent, cell killing of hematological cancer cells when the Lck-IP3R PPI was disrupted by TAT-D5SD. All cell lines and primary cells were sensitive to D5SD peptide, but malignant T-cells were less sensitive compared with B-cell or myeloid malignancies. Mining of RNA-seq data showed that LCK was expressed in primary diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) as well as acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In fact, LCK shows a similar pattern of expression as many well-characterized AML oncogenes and is part of a protein interactome that includes FLT3-ITD, Notch-1, and Kit. Consistent with these findings, our data suggest that the Lck-IP3R PPI may protect malignant hematopoietic cells from death. Importantly, TAT-D5SD showed no cytotoxicity in three different non-hematopoietic cell lines; thus its ability to induce cell death appears specific to hematopoietic cells. Together, these data show that a peptide designed to disrupt the Lck-IP3R PPI has a wide range of pre-clinical activity in leukemia and lymphoma.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10569261/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41221615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

After Years of Medical Wandering, A Diagnosis of Chronic Babesiosis Saves A Patient 经过多年的医疗流浪，慢性巴贝斯虫病的诊断挽救了病人

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500123

Alexis LACOUT, Ahed ZEDAN, Christian PERRONNE

引用次数: 0

Characterization of GATA3 and Mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American Women. 非裔美国妇女乳腺肿瘤中GATA3和Mammaglobin的特征。

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500101

Luisel J Ricks-Santi, Kristianna Fredenburg, Moein Rajaei, Ashwin Esnakula, Tammey Naab, J Tyson McDonald, Yasmine Kanaan

{"title":"Characterization of GATA3 and Mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American Women.","authors":"Luisel J Ricks-Santi, Kristianna Fredenburg, Moein Rajaei, Ashwin Esnakula, Tammey Naab, J Tyson McDonald, Yasmine Kanaan","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26502/ami.936500101","url":null,"abstract":"GATA3 and Mammaglobin are often used in the clinic to identify metastases of mammary origin due to their robust and diffuse expression in mammary tissue. However, the expression of these markers has not been well characterized in tumors from African American women. The goal of this study was to characterize and evaluate the expression of GATA3 and mammaglobin in breast tumors from African American women and determine their association with clinicopathological outcomes including breast cancer subtypes. Tissue microarrays (TMAs) were constructed from well preserved, morphologically representative tumors in archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) surgical blocks from 202 patients with primary invasive ductal carcinoma. Mammaglobin and GATA3 expression was assessed using immunohistochemistry (IHC). Univariate analysis was carried out to determine the association between expression of GATA3, mammaglobin and clinicopathological characteristics. Kaplan-Meier estimates of overall survival and disease-free survival were also plotted and a log-rank test performed to compare estimates among groups. GATA3 expression showed statistically significant association with lower grade (p<0.001), ER-positivity (p<0.001), PR-positivity (p<0.001), and the luminal subtype (p<0.001). Mammaglobin expression was also significantly associated with lower grade (p=0.031), ER-positivity (p=0.007), and PR-positivity (p=0.022). There was no association with recurrence-free or overall survival. Our results confirm that GATA3 and mammaglobin demonstrate expression predominantly in luminal breast cancers from African American women. Additional markers with improved specificity and sensitivity are warranted for triple negative breast tumors given the high prevalence in women of African descent.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10305425/pdf/nihms-1896850.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9754049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automated Image Analysis Pipeline Development to Monitor Disease Progression in Muscular Dystrophy Using Cell Profiler. 使用细胞剖面仪监测肌肉营养不良疾病进展的自动图像分析管道开发。

Archives of microbiology & immunology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-09-01 DOI: 10.26502/ami.936500115

Alexandra Brown, Brooklyn Morris, John Karanja Kamau, Abdullah A Alshudukhi, Abdulrahman Jama, Hongmei Ren

{"title":"Automated Image Analysis Pipeline Development to Monitor Disease Progression in Muscular Dystrophy Using Cell Profiler.","authors":"Alexandra Brown, Brooklyn Morris, John Karanja Kamau, Abdullah A Alshudukhi, Abdulrahman Jama, Hongmei Ren","doi":"10.26502/ami.936500115","DOIUrl":"10.26502/ami.936500115","url":null,"abstract":"Muscular dystrophies are inherited disorders that are characterized by progressive muscle degeneration. These disorders are caused by mutations in the genes encoding structural elements within the muscle, which leads to increased vulnerability to mechanical stress and sarcolemma damage. Although myofibers have the capacity to regenerate, the newly formed myofibers still harbor genetic mutation, which induces continuous cycles of muscle fiber death and regeneration. This repeated cycling is accompanied by an inflammatory response which eventually provokes excessive fibrotic deposition. The histopathological changes in skeletal muscle tissue are central to the disease pathogenesis. Analysis of muscle histopathology is the gold standard for monitoring muscle health and disease progression. However, manual, or semi-manual quantification methods, are not only immensely tedious but can be subjective. Here, we present four image analysis pipelines built in CellProfiler which enable users without a background in computer vision or programming to quantitatively analyze biological images. These image analysis pipelines are designed to quantify skeletal muscle histopathological staining for membrane damage, the abundance and size distribution of regenerating muscle fibers, inflammation via quantification of CD68+ M1 macrophages, and collagen deposition. Additionally, we discuss methods to address common errors associated with the quantification of microscopy images. These automated tools can not only improve workflow efficiency but can provide a better understanding of the histopathological progression of muscular dystrophy.","PeriodicalId":72285,"journal":{"name":"Archives of microbiology & immunology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10552673/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41180549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0