Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria最新文献

{"title":"[Prevalence of asthma and associated risk factors in schoolchildren from an area of indigenous peoples].","authors":"Dharnelly Ara Robles, Diego Antonio Espino Palomino","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.5031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.5031","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 3","pages":"325-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Rehospitalization of preterm infants below 32 weeks of gestational age in the first 2 years post discharge].","authors":"Enrica Pittaluga, Ivonne D'Apremont, Alejandra Zamorano, Angélica Domínguez, Ignacia Vásquez, Claudia Musalem","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.5070","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.5070","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Preterm infants, especially those of lower gestational age (GA), are at high risk of hospital readmission in the early years.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the frequency and characteristics of readmissions in preterm infants younger than 32 weeks of GA or weighing less than 1500 g (< 32w/< 1500 g) at 2 years post-discharge from neonatology.</p><p><strong>Patients and method: </strong>Retrospective observational study of a cohort of newborns < 32w/< 1500 g discharged from a public health care center (2009-2017). The frequency, time of occurrence, risk factors, causes, and severity of hospital readmissions were analyzed. The respective perinatal characteristics and subsequent readmissions were described. The Ethics Committee approved the data collection protocol.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>989 newborns < 32w/< 1500 g were included; 410 (41.5%) were readmitted at least once before the age of 2 years, equivalent to 686 episodes (1.7/child); 129 children (31.4%) were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU), with a mean length of stay of 7.7 days. The greatest risk for hospital readmission was during the first 6 months post-discharge. The main cause was respiratory (70%) and respiratory syncytial virus was the most frequent germ. The risk factors associated with readmission due to respiratory causes were bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) (OR: 1.73; 95%CI: 1.26-2.37) and number of siblings (OR: 1.18; 95%CI: 1.04-1.33).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Newborns < 32s/< 1500 g are at high risk of hospital readmission due to respiratory causes and PICU admission in the first months post-discharge; BPD and number of siblings were the main risk factors.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 3","pages":"287-296"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of early systemic inflammatory indices in predicting advanced intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.","authors":"Ufuk Cakir, Cuneyt Tayman, Ali Ulas Tugcu","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.4720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.4720","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Some systemic inflammatory indices have been reported to be associated with intracerebral hemorrhage in adults. However, the relationship between systemic inflammatory indices and intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in premature neonates is still not completely understood.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the relationship between systemic inflammatory indices obtained on the first day of life in premature infants and the development of severe IVH.</p><p><strong>Patients and method: </strong>Premature newborns < 32 weeks of gestational age were included. Eligible patients were divided into 2 groups: Group 1: without IVH or grade I and II hemorrhage, and Group 2: grade III and IV HIV. Demographic characteristics, clinical outcomes, monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), systemic immune inflammation index (SII), pan-immune inflammation value (PIV), and Systemic inflammation response index (SIRI) were compared between groups.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 1176 newborns were included in the study, 1074 in Group 1 and 102 premature babies in Group 2. There was no difference between the groups in terms of the count of leukocytes, neutrophils, monocytes, lymphocytes and platelets (p > 0.05). The values of NLR, MLR, PLR, PIV, SII and SIRI were similar in both groups (p > 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While the relationship between inflammation, hemodynamics and IVH is still under discussion, our results show that systemic inflammatory indices have no predictive value for IVH.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 3","pages":"244-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Meningococcal meningitis in Chile between 1990 and 2019].","authors":"Darío Vergara Salazar, Marcela Cárcamo Ibaceta, María Teresa Valenzuela Bravo","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.4982","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i3.4982","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Since 1941, outbreaks of Neisseria meningitidis have been recorded in Chile which, to date, have varied according to clinical form, incidence, lethality, and the responsible serogroup.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To summarize the available evidence on the epidemiological profile of acute bacterial meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis in Chile, analyzing the incidence between 1990 and 2019.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>A systematized review of primary articles was carried out following the Cochrane Collaboration standards. The information sources were PubMed, Scielo, and LILACS. Publications on acute bacterial meningitis due to Neisseria meningitidis were included, with a descriptive design, and in English and Spanish. Studies on the effectiveness of vaccines and diagnostic techniques were excluded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between 1990 and 2019, the evidence collected focuses exclusively on the year 2012. Of the 133 cases of invasive meningococcal disease (IMD) reported that year, 42 cases presented with meningitis. Of the IMD cases caused by serogroup W135 strains, 21.7% of the cases presented with meningitis (13 cases), compared with the \"Non-W135\" strains, in which it was 67.4% (29 cases). Lethality due to IMD was higher in patients affected by serogroup W135 (26.7%), compared with patients affected by serogroup \"Non-W135\" (13.9%).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The year 2012 shows a change in the prevalent serogroup from serogroup B to W, with a decrease in cases of meningitis and an increase in cases of meningo- coccemia and the lethality of IMD.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 3","pages":"309-318"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141876793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[R577X polymorphisms of the ACTN3 gene and Duchenne muscular dystrophy].","authors":"Ángel Roco-Videla, Raúl Aguilera Eguia","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.5102","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.5102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 2","pages":"215-217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141156169","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The challenge of pediatrics facing the epidemiological change: the increasing complexity of the child and adolescent population].","authors":"Bettina von Dessauer G","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.5181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.5181","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 2","pages":"131-133"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Extremely preterm infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage: neurological evolution and long term and educational status].","authors":"Rodrigo Salas Núñez, Raquel Gaete Sepúlveda, Javier Salas Fontecilla, Nelson Suárez Urieles, Felipe Salas Fontecilla","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.4604","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.4604","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Extensive intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) in very preterm newborns (VPNB) is associated with mortality and severe long-term neurological sequelae.</p><p><strong>Objectives: </strong>To know the most frequent neurological pathologies associated with extensive IVH, to determine the functional outcomes of mobility in the motor area and intellectual capacity in the cognitive area, to analyze the association between both areas and to know the schooling achieved.</p><p><strong>Patients and method: </strong>Descriptive and longitudinal study in VPNB with extensive IVH born between 2001 and 2014. They underwent protocolized neurological follow-up until school age. The functional outcomes in mobility and intellectual capacity were categorized into 4 levels: level 1 corresponds to good functionality and autonomy; level 2, functionality that allows independence, with support in some tasks; level 3 requires constant external support; and level 4 where there is total dependence. The association was analyzed using Chi-square and Cramer's V coefficient.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>74 children completed the follow-up; the most frequent associated neurological pathologies were neurodevelopmental disorders, hypertensive hydrocephalus, and epilepsy. Independent mobility (normal or with limitations) reached 74.4% while 24.3% used wheelchairs. 51.3% was categorized as normal to borderline intellectual range, 12.2% as mild intellectual disability (ID), 17.6% as moderate ID, and 19.9% as severe to profound ID. There was a strong statistical association between functional levels of mobility and intellectual capacity (p < 0.000 and V = 0.62). Schooling was proportional to intellectual capacity: 56.8% attended regular schools, 27.0% attended special schools, and 16.2% had no schooling.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>2/3 VPNB with extensive IVH showed positive functional outcomes, from normal to mild limitations that allow an almost autonomous life; in 1/3 the outcomes were unfavorable in mobility and cognitive performance, and there was a strong statistical correlation between both areas studied. Schooling was consistent with the intellectual level.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 2","pages":"165-173"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141156157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus in pregnancy women at the time of delivery].","authors":"María José Astorga, Alejandra Sandoval, Sebastián Espinoza","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.4790","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.4790","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Worldwide, there is an alert due to the increase in the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus (HBV). This can cause up to 3.5% of chronic diseases, of which 40% present secondary complications and/ or early death.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To determine the seroprevalence of HBV in pregnant women at the time of delivery.</p><p><strong>Patients and method: </strong>Observational, descriptive, cross-sectional study with cross-association between 2018 and 2019 at the Hospital Carlos Van Buren (HCVB), in Valparaiso, Chile. All pregnant women admitted for delivery care or with an immediate newborn who had HBV surface antigen study were included. Data were collected from the pregnant woman (age, nationality, education level, parity, type of delivery, and peripartum HIV-syphilis serology) and the newborn (gestational age, weight, and APGAR score). Inferential and multivariate analysis was performed using the Stata software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>1,355 pregnant women were analyzed. 87.7% were Chilean, 5.5% Haitian, 4.2% Venezuelan, and 2.6% were of other nationalities. 0.3% were positive for HBV. The prevalence of HBV in Chileans was 0.08% and in Haitians 4%. Haitian nationality was at higher risk of HBV (OR = 83) vs. Chilean nationality (p = 0.0001). None presented coinfection with HIV and/or syphilis.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>HBV seroprevalence in HCVB pregnant women was 0.3%, similar to that described in the general population in Chile. There was no coinfection with other sexually transmitted diseases. The only predictor of HBV infection was Haitian nationality.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 2","pages":"159-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Severe acute pancreatitis secondary to hypertriglyceridemia as the onset of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in the pediatric age].","authors":"Camila Muñoz, Valeria De Toro, Juan Cristóbal Gana, Paul R Harris, Carolina Loureiro, Gigliola Alberti","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.4967","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.4967","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hypertriglyceridemia (HTG)-induced acute pancreatitis (AP) secondary to insulin deficiency following the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a rare but serious complication in children.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To describe the diagnosis and treatment of severe HTG and to emphasize the need for timely diagnosis of T1DM.</p><p><strong>Clinical case: </strong>A 15-year-old female adolescent with a history of overweight presented with a two-weeks history of fever, anorexia, and diffuse abdominal pain. Laboratory tests revealed triglycerides of 17,580 mg/dL, lipase of 723 U/L, and blood glucose of 200 mg/dL. An abdominal CT scan showed an enlarged and edematous pancreas. She was hospitalized with a diagnosis of AP and severe HTG, which progressed to acute necro-hemorrhagic pancreatitis. Treatment included continuous intravenous insulin infusion until triglyceride levels decreased. Upon discontinuation of insulin, fasting hyperglycemia (206 mg/dL) and metabolic acidosis recurred, therefore DM was suspected. Upon targeted questioning, a history of polydipsia, polyuria, and weight loss during the last 3 months stood out. Glycated hemoglobin was markedly elevated (14.7%). Insulin therapy was optimized, achieving stabilization of laboratory parameters after 15 days of treatment and complete anatomical resolution of pancreatic involvement at one year of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The presence of severe HTG in pediatrics compels us to consider its secondary causes, such as the onset of T1DM. It is crucial to improve the ability to diagnose T1DM early, as it may present with infrequent and high-risk presentations for the patient.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 2","pages":"190-195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Skin reactions related to molluscum contagiosum infection].","authors":"Marie-Chantal Caussade, Camila Downey, Daniela Krämer","doi":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.5034","DOIUrl":"10.32641/andespediatr.v95i2.5034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common viral infection in children, immunocompromised, and sexually active adults. Its usual clinical presentation is 2-5 mm, whitish or skin-colored papules, with a shiny surface and central umbilication, generally clustered and randomly distributed over the skin surface. Dermoscopy reveals yellowish-white polylobulated structures with peripheral telangiectasia. Diagnosis is usually clinical supported by dermoscopy. However, in some cases, inflammatory manifestations can be associated with this infection and can mimic other dermatological conditions, making the diagnosis difficult and leading to unnecessary treatments. The objective of this article is to describe the main skin reactions associated with MC infection in order to provide a diagnostic and initial management tool for clinicians dealing with these conditions. Reported manifestations include the BOTE sign, perilesional eczema, Gianotti-Crosti syndrome-like reaction, ID reaction, erythema annulare centrifugum, erythema multiforme, folliculitis, white halo, and atypical manifestations (giant, disseminated, necrotic, polypoidal, and nodular lesions, pseudocysts, abscesses). In pediatric patients with the clinical manifestations described above, infection by molluscum contagiosum pox virus should be considered among the differential diagnoses, and referral to a dermatologist should be made in selected cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":72196,"journal":{"name":"Andes pediatrica : revista Chilena de pediatria","volume":"95 2","pages":"136-142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141154233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}