AJPM focus最新文献

{"title":"Centering Cultural Approaches in Community-Based Participatory Research to Address the Black Maternal Health Crisis","authors":"Natalie Hernandez PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Dominique Guillaume MSN, AGPCNP-BC, ACRN, PhD ,&nbsp;Lasha Clarke PhD ,&nbsp;Andrea Parker PhD ,&nbsp;Sherilyn Francis MPH ,&nbsp;Kennedy Lewis MPH ,&nbsp;Morgan Davis MPH ,&nbsp;Kaprice S. Welsh CNM, MSN, MPH ,&nbsp;Joy Baker MD, FACOG ,&nbsp;Rasheeta D. Chandler PhD, RN, FNP-BC, FAANP, FAAN","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100402","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100402","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Black women in Georgia are more likely to die from pregnancy-related complications during the postpartum period than other their non-Black counterparts. Developing effective solutions to address this public health crisis requires strengthened partnerships between researchers and community-based organizations, with the voices of Black women being at the center of the research and innovation. This study examined perspectives of community-advisory board members on a community-based participatory research approach that addresses adverse postpartum health outcomes for Black women living in rural Georgia.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This qualitative descriptive study employed semistructured qualitative interviews with members on the community-advisory board and research team (N=16) consisting of all Black women. Thematic analysis was used to analyze data deductively, with codes being categorized into overarching themes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Themes that were elicited from interviews included community; culture; acceptability of the Positive Outcomes, Research Recommendations, Community Collaborations, and Honorable delivery of healthcare research approach; and Black maternal health disparities. Participants voiced the importance of the inclusion of Black cultural aspects within maternal health interventions and the importance of providing Black women with a platform to share their perspectives and experiences. Participants provided insight on promoting Black maternal health equity and reducing power dynamics within research.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Centering culture and community and using Black women’s experiences to guide the development of research interventions will be critical in developing relevant solutions to address the Black maternal health crisis. Research should be designed with the input of target communities while supporting synergistic relationships between communities and researchers.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100402"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145159443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship Between Receipt of Opioid Settlement Funds and Reductions in Opioid Overdose Deaths in the U.S.","authors":"Ryan K. McBain PhD ,&nbsp;Jonathan H. Cantor PhD ,&nbsp;Aaron Kofner MS ,&nbsp;Zoe Lindenfeld PhD ,&nbsp;David Powell PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100424","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100424","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The ongoing distribution of funds from the national settlement agreements with opioid distributors and manufacturers presents a unique opportunity to mitigate the morbidity and mortality associated with opioid use. In this study, the authors examine whether larger per-capita settlement disbursements correspond to greater reductions in opioid-related overdose deaths since then and the extent to which states with higher baseline opioid-related overdose death rates receive greater per-capita settlement disbursements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using national data on opioid settlement disbursements from the Kaiser Family Foundation and overdose deaths from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the authors estimated an event study using a Poisson regression to compare trends in overdose deaths during the predisbursement period (2017–2021) with those observed in the postdisbursement period (2022–2023). The authors then quantified the magnitude of settlement disbursements in 2022–2023 relative to opioid-related overdose death rates in the 5 preceding years.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Each additional per-capita dollar of settlement funds was associated with a 0.99% larger decline in opioid-related overdose deaths in 2022 (95% CI= −1.90%, −0.08%; <em>p</em>=0.03) and a 2.46% decline in 2023 (95% CI= −4.17%, −0.75%; <em>p</em>=0.01). The authors also found a significant association between opioid-related overdose death rates in the 5 years prior to disbursements and the magnitude of per-capita disbursements (2022–2023). Each additional opioid-related overdose death per 100,000 residents was associated with a $0.87 greater per-capita disbursement (95% CI=$0.43, $1.31; <em>p</em>&lt;0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study provides valuable initial evidence that settlement disbursements are being directed toward states with higher baseline opioid-related overdose death rates, and the size of the disbursements is associated with early reductions in these death rates.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100424"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disinformation From Within and Brandolini’s Law: A Call to Time-Consuming Action","authors":"Casey Scott Husser MD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100389","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100389","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100389"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Caregiver Survey of Driving Readiness in Teens Born Extremely Preterm","authors":"Rebecca J. McAdams MA, MPH ,&nbsp;Jessica Quach BS ,&nbsp;Dominique M. Rose PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Blake Hardin BA ,&nbsp;Carl Backes Jr. MD ,&nbsp;Jingzhen Yang PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;H. Gerry Taylor PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100405","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Teens born extremely preterm (defined as a gestational age of &lt;28 weeks) are at a higher risk of cognitive and physical disabilities, potentially affecting their ability to learn to drive safely. This exploratory study surveyed caregivers to obtain their perceptions of driving readiness in teens born extremely preterm.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey of caregivers of teens (aged 14–18 years) residing in Ohio who were born extremely preterm was conducted to assess teen interest and progress in obtaining a driver’s license, reasons for their lack of progress, and caregiver involvement in helping their teen to learn to drive.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sample included 60 caregivers of teens distributed across 4 age groups based on license eligibility. Most teens (87%) had a history of a neurodevelopmental or medical disorder. Only 9 (30%) of 30 teens aged &lt;18 years who were age-eligible for a temporary permit had obtained one, and only 1 (7%) of 14 teens who was age-eligible for a probationary license had obtained one. Rates of neurological disorders and concerns that the teen lacked maturity to drive or would get lost were significantly higher in 25 age-eligible teens who were not driving than in the 20 teens who were driving (<em>p</em>=0.013 and 0.038, respectively). Caregivers frequently talked to their teens about driving but less often practiced driving with their teens.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Delays in progressing toward obtaining a driving license are common in teens born extremely preterm. The findings from this study describe these delays and provide information on caregiver concerns and involvement in driving. Future research is needed to characterize and improve driving readiness in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100405"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145107315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Racialized Black–White Economic Segregation and Major Chain Yoga Studio Locations in Major U.S. Metropolitan Areas","authors":"Kevin Y. Xu MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Ruth Ling BA ,&nbsp;Devin E. Banks PhD ,&nbsp;Benson S. Ku MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100417","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100417","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Despite yoga’s benefits and popularity, there is concern for racial inequities in yoga access and participation that have not been empirically studied at the population level. Against this background, the objective of this study was to examine the geographic distribution of major chain yoga franchises in relation to racialized Black–White economic segregation across the U.S.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The authors extracted census tracts and 5-digit ZIP codes (ZIP5) for &gt;500 major chain yoga franchises in the U.S. and estimated the Index of Concentration at the Extremes (ICE_{Race[Black–White]-Income}), a measure of racialized Black–White economic segregation. ICE_{Race(Black–White)-Income} is a continuous variable ranging from −1 to +1, categorized into quintiles (−1=maximum deprivation; +1=maximum privilege).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Study findings revealed that &lt;10% of studios were situated in census tracts and ZIP5s with a proportion of Black residents exceeding 13%. Less than 25% of studios were situated in census tracts and ZIP5s with household incomes below the 2022 national median ($74,580). Across all census tracts and ZIP5s, the mean value for ICE_{Race(Black–White)-Income} fell in the highest quintile for racialized Black–White economic segregation (ICE_{Race[Black–White]-Income}=0.37).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Major yoga franchises are situated in census tracts and ZIP codes that fall within the highest quintile of racialized Black–White economic segregation in the U.S.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100417"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145268253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2024 Author Acknowledgment and Articles of the Year","authors":"Yuri T. Jadotte MD, PhD, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100461","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100461","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100461"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145746865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Do Communities Implementing the Communities That HEAL Intervention Have Significantly Lower Rates of High-Risk Opioid Prescribing and Dispensing?","authors":"Frances R. Levin MD ,&nbsp;Douglas R. Oyler PharmD ,&nbsp;Denise C. Babineau PhD ,&nbsp;Jennifer Villani PhD ,&nbsp;Redonna K. Chandler PhD ,&nbsp;Patricia R. Freeman PhD ,&nbsp;Daniel P. Alford MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Naleef Fareed PhD ,&nbsp;Nicole Mack MS ,&nbsp;Trang Q. Nguyen MD, DrPh ,&nbsp;Daniel M. Walker PhD ,&nbsp;Joella Adams PhD ,&nbsp;Trevor J. Baker MS ,&nbsp;Donna Beers MSN, RN-BC ,&nbsp;Shoshana N. Benjamin MPH ,&nbsp;Jennifer Bhuiyan PharmD ,&nbsp;Derek Blevins MD ,&nbsp;James L. David MS ,&nbsp;Netrali Dalvi MPH ,&nbsp;Lauren D’Costa BS ,&nbsp;Nabila El-Bassel PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100371","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Prescription opioids can contribute to risk for opioid use disorder and overdoses. Improving prescription opioid safety is a critical component in reducing opioid risks. This report aims to determine whether communities randomized to the Communities That HEAL (CTH) intervention have significantly different rates of prescription opioid safety measures.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Study Design&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;A multisite, 2-arm, community-level, cluster randomized, unblinded, wait-list controlled comparison trial designed to assess the effectiveness of the CTH intervention in reducing opioid-related overdose deaths among community residents 18 years of age or older (adults).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Setting/Participants&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Sixty-seven (67) communities in Kentucky, Massachusetts, New York, and Ohio. “Participants” were communities in this study. Intervention: The Communities That Heal intervention consists of multiple dimensions: a coalition-driven community engagement process to select and support implementation of Evidence Based Practices; the Opioid-overdose Reduction Continuum of Care Approach, a compendium of Evidence Based Practices and technical assistance resources organized under overdose education and naloxone distribution, medication for Opioid Use Disorder, and prescription[DB1] opioid safety menus; and communication campaigns intended to reduce Opioid Use Disorder stigma and raise awareness and demand for naloxone and medication for Opioid Use Disorder [DB1] I pulled the intervention language from the body of the manuscript. Journal guidelines aske for no abbreviations in Abstract...so that is why everything is spelled out.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Main Outcome(s) and Measure(s)&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The main outcome was the number of adults with new incident high-risk opioid prescribing episodes after at least a 45-day washout. Other outcomes included the number of opioid-naïve adults with new opioid prescriptions limited to a 7-day supply, number of adults who received opioid prescriptions from multiple prescribers or pharmacies, and number of locations providing drug take-back services. Outcomes were assessed from July 2021-June 2022.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;There was no statistically significant difference in the adjusted rates for new incident high-risk opioid prescribing per 100,000 adults during the comparison period between intervention (1094.48 (95% CI: [1063.15, 1126.74])) and wait-list control communities (1121.90 (95% CI: [1079.62, 1165.84])). The adjusted relative rate comparing intervention to wait-list control communities was 0.98 (95% CI: [0.93, 1.02]; p-value=0.296). Similarly, there were no statistically significant differences between intervention and wait-list control communities for the other outcomes.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusions and Relevance&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Although no statistically significant differences were found in prescription opioid safety measures between study arms, improvement in these measures ","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100371"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allostatic Load Patterns by U.S. Citizenship Status and Length of U.S. Residency Among Adults, 2009–2018","authors":"Kazumi Tsuchiya PhD ,&nbsp;Harry O. Taylor PhD ,&nbsp;Shakira F. Suglia ScD ,&nbsp;Michael D. Niño PhD ,&nbsp;Patricia O’Campo PhD ,&nbsp;Ryan T. Demmer PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100400","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100400","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Emerging research has documented that having a non-citizen status (e.g., temporary visa, undocumented) induces stress and, as a result, has adverse impacts on health. It is unclear whether chronic stress differs by citizenship status and length of U.S. residency using clinical biomarkers. The objective of this study was to examine allostatic load (or cumulative stress) by citizenship status and length of U.S. residency among U.S. adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The study sample included 27,705 adult respondents (aged ≥20 years) from the 2009–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Multivariable Poisson regression models were estimated with U.S. citizenship status (U.S.-born citizens, naturalized citizens, noncitizens) and U.S. residency (shorter: &lt;15 years, longer: ≥15 years) on allostatic load. Allostatic load was defined with summative scores of 10 biomarkers (systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, high-density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, HbA1c, BMI, albumin, estimated glomerular filtration rate, white blood cell count, and asthma).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Naturalized citizens with shorter U.S. residency (females only) and noncitizens with shorter U.S. residency had lower allostatic load than U.S.-born citizens. Naturalized citizens with longer U.S. residency had greater allostatic load than naturalized citizens with shorter U.S. residency (females only). Noncitizens with longer U.S. residency had higher allostatic load than both noncitizens with shorter U.S. residency and naturalized citizens with shorter U.S. residency (females only).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrates nuanced impacts on allostatic load by citizenship status and length of U.S. residency, with differences by sex. The findings infer that citizenship status contributes to health inequities among immigrants, with greater attention needed to unpack citizenship-stress mechanisms.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100400"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"“Let me take the lead”: Qualitative Findings From the Parent-Preferred Topics for Childhood Obesity Study","authors":"Elena Faugno LCSW, MPH ,&nbsp;Kristin Karpowicz BA ,&nbsp;Jessica L. LeBlanc MA ,&nbsp;Faye Holder-Niles MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Brian E. Saelens PhD ,&nbsp;Davene R. Wright PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100355","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100355","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>New studies about childhood obesity–related risk communication are needed because barriers to family engagement with obesity treatment persist and have grown after pandemic.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In 2022, the authors conducted qualitative interviews with English-speaking caregivers of children aged 7–11 years with obesity receiving primary care at an urban academic primary care center. Open-ended questions elicited caregivers’ level of concern, preferences for risk communication, and barriers to engagement in behavior change. Interviews were recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed iteratively through thematic content analysis. The final purposive sample of <em>n</em>=17 was determined by thematic saturation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Caregivers expressed willingness to engage in behavior change while acknowledging competing life priorities and a desire to center the child’s mental health. Barriers to implementing lifestyle changes were identified at the systems level (i.e., financial insecurity, healthcare system gaps) and at the individual level (i.e., child food preferences). Facilitators also existed at both the systems level (i.e., a relationship of trust and accountability between patient and clinician) and the individual level (i.e., referrals to specialists and receipt of social welfare benefits). Caregiver’s desire for clinicians to acknowledge their efforts and provide practical advice and tangible services was pervasive. The small sample size from 1 clinic may limit generalizability and was subject to selection bias.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Understanding caregivers’ level and reasons for concern about their children’s health can inform risk communication, and understanding barriers to accessing care can improve obesity counseling. These results will support the future development of a best–worst scaling tool to prioritize caregiver concerns among a larger and more generalizable sample, which may enable clinicians to better target caregiver concerns in motivational interviewing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145050062","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Silent No More: Confronting Structural Gendered Racism and the Crisis of Abduction and Femicide of U.S. Black Women and Girls","authors":"Tiara C. Willie PhD, MA","doi":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100421","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.focus.2025.100421","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72142,"journal":{"name":"AJPM focus","volume":"4 6","pages":"Article 100421"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145222022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}