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Privacy and the Value of Data 隐私和数据的价值
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231084
S. Galperti, Jacopo Perego
{"title":"Privacy and the Value of Data","authors":"S. Galperti, Jacopo Perego","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231084","url":null,"abstract":"How does protecting consumers' privacy affect the value of their personal data? We model an intermediary that uses consumers' data to influence prices set by a seller. When privacy is protected, consumers choose whether to disclose their data to the intermediary. When privacy is not protected, the intermediary can access consumers' data without their consent. We illustrate that protecting privacy has complex effects. It can increase the value of some consumers' data while decreasing that of others. It can have redistributive effects, by benefiting some consumers at the expense of others. Finally, it can increase average prices and reduce trade.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"41 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85322606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
A Disaggregated View of Household Production Trends 家庭生产趋势的分类观点
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231105
Benjamin Bridgman
{"title":"A Disaggregated View of Household Production Trends","authors":"Benjamin Bridgman","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231105","url":null,"abstract":"The shift of working time from the household to the market, or marketization, was one of the most important changes in the US economy. This paper estimates US household production (HP) by product and examines the marketization of these products. I find that most HP products show little marketization despite a decline in HP's importance relative to GDP. Only cooking had significant marketization between 1965 and 2021. The COVID-19 pandemic led to a demarketization of most products, consistent with market options being disrupted.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82120100","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Report of the Committee on the Job Market 就业市场委员会的报告
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.113.789
{"title":"Report of the Committee on the Job Market","authors":"","doi":"10.1257/pandp.113.789","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.113.789","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89917435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Learning Curve: Progress in the Replication Crisis 学习曲线:复制危机中的进展
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231009
N. Angrist, C. Cullen, Micheal Ainomugisha, Sai Pramod Bathena, Peter Bergman, Colin Crossley, Thato Letsomo, Moitshepi Matsheng, Rene Marlon Panti, Shwetlena Sabarwal, Tim Sullivan
{"title":"Learning Curve: Progress in the Replication Crisis","authors":"N. Angrist, C. Cullen, Micheal Ainomugisha, Sai Pramod Bathena, Peter Bergman, Colin Crossley, Thato Letsomo, Moitshepi Matsheng, Rene Marlon Panti, Shwetlena Sabarwal, Tim Sullivan","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231009","url":null,"abstract":"We present detailed monitoring data across a five-country randomized trial of phone-based targeted tutoring–one of the largest multicountry replication efforts in education to date. We study an approach shown to work in Botswana and replicated in India, Kenya, Nepal, the Philippines, and Uganda. While the existing literature often finds diminishing effects as proof-of-concept studies are replicated and scaled, we find the opposite: implementation fidelity (the degree of targeted educational instruction) improves across replications and over time. This demonstrates that replication is not intractable; rather, equipped with mechanisms to learn from experience, organizational “learning curves” can enable effective replication and scale-up.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90910109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Bank Loan Monitoring, Distance, and Delegation 银行贷款监控、远程和委托
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231118
A. Heitz, Christopher Martin, Alex Ufier
{"title":"Bank Loan Monitoring, Distance, and Delegation","authors":"A. Heitz, Christopher Martin, Alex Ufier","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231118","url":null,"abstract":"Using a proprietary transaction-level database of nearly 30,000 multiple-draw construction loans and their on-site inspection reports, we empirically examine the relationship between geographic distance and bank information acquisition over the course of the loans (i.e., monitoring). We find that projects farther from the nearest bank branch are more intensely monitored by bank-contracted, third-party inspectors (delegated monitors) and that projects farther from these inspectors receive less intense monitoring, potentially because inspectors face distance-related frictions. These results are consistent with the prediction that distance increases informational frictions but also suggest that banks may offset these frictions by delegating monitoring to closer inspectors.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85288265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Emoticons as Performance Feedback for College Students: A Large-Classroom Field Experiment 表情符号作为大学生行为反馈:一项大教室实地实验
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231046
Darshak Patel, Justin Roush
{"title":"Emoticons as Performance Feedback for College Students: A Large-Classroom Field Experiment","authors":"Darshak Patel, Justin Roush","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231046","url":null,"abstract":"We use a field experiment in a large college classroom to study the use of written representations of emotion (“emoticons”) as a form of feedback on exams. We find that treatment improved student attendance, quiz scores, homework scores, and test scores. We document heterogeneous impacts based on the type of emoticon received and gender. Improvements were driven by those who received disapproving emoticons but scored above the mean. Female students were responsible for the improved homework and test scores, while men drove improvements in attendance. Both genders improved similarly on quiz scores. We discuss two psychological theories supporting a treatment effect.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78281737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Report of the Search Committee for the Editor for the American Economic Journal: Economic Policy 《美国经济杂志:经济政策》编辑遴选委员会报告
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.113.870
{"title":"Report of the Search Committee for the Editor for the American Economic Journal: Economic Policy","authors":"","doi":"10.1257/pandp.113.870","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.113.870","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"131 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75985985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Perceptions of Gender Diversity in Occupations 对职业性别多样性的看法
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231062
Jeffrey A. Flory, A. Leibbrandt, Olga Shurchkov, O. Stoddard, Alva Taylor
{"title":"Perceptions of Gender Diversity in Occupations","authors":"Jeffrey A. Flory, A. Leibbrandt, Olga Shurchkov, O. Stoddard, Alva Taylor","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231062","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231062","url":null,"abstract":"We design a survey experiment to investigate the effect of intervention with diversity on preferences for diverse outcomes. First, subjects report their perceptions of the archetypical occupations boss, professor, nurse, and clerk, rating boss/professor as higher status than nurse/clerk. Importantly, while respondents expect overrepresentation of women among nurses and clerks, they expect a relatively equal gender distribution among bosses and professors. We then randomize participants to view either diverse or nondiverse images for each occupation. Diversifying the image sets significantly increases the likelihood of underrepresented individuals being selected in both domains, but correctness of preexisting beliefs only matters in female-typed domains.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"172 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76400780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wildfire Insurance, Information, and Self-Protection 野火保险、信息和自我保护
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231104
Judson Boomhower, M. Fowlie, A. Plantinga
{"title":"Wildfire Insurance, Information, and Self-Protection","authors":"Judson Boomhower, M. Fowlie, A. Plantinga","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231104","url":null,"abstract":"Like other climate-related disasters, wildfires are intensifying. Property owners can reduce their vulnerability to wildfire losses but are not well informed about the costs and benefits of available self-protection investments. Technological advances mean that insurers are increasingly able to monitor household mitigation behavior. We revisit the problem of self-protection from risk in a setting where households have incomplete insurance and limited information about self-protection investments. Insurer discounts for self-protection generate additional value by informing households about self-protection investments that also reduce uninsured losses. This information provision increases the responsiveness of self-protection to ex post disaster assistance, with implications for optimal government transfers.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77643363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
Fiscal Stimulus and the Systematic Response of Monetary Policy 财政刺激与货币政策的系统反应
AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association Pub Date : 2023-05-01 DOI: 10.1257/pandp.20231072
Christian K. Wolf
{"title":"Fiscal Stimulus and the Systematic Response of Monetary Policy","authors":"Christian K. Wolf","doi":"10.1257/pandp.20231072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1257/pandp.20231072","url":null,"abstract":"Economic theory suggests that the effects of fiscal stimulus can vary substantially with the systematic response of monetary policy. Empirical estimates of the causal effects of fiscal shocks implicitly embed a particular monetary reaction: they provide treatment effects that average across in-sample monetary policy. Building on McKay and Wolf (2022), I discuss how evidence on monetary policy shocks can be used to predict the effects of fiscal stimulus under arbitrary monetary policy reaction. I review the underlying theory, propose a simple empirical strategy, and present an application.","PeriodicalId":72114,"journal":{"name":"AEA papers and proceedings. American Economic Association","volume":"28 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72394060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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