Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)最新文献_第3页

Animal Calling Behaviours and What This Can Tell Us about the Effects of Changing Soundscapes 动物的鸣叫行为以及这能告诉我们的关于改变音景的影响

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-07-04 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5030039

R. Burnham

{"title":"Animal Calling Behaviours and What This Can Tell Us about the Effects of Changing Soundscapes","authors":"R. Burnham","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5030039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5030039","url":null,"abstract":"The behavioural, physiological, and energetic repercussions for wildlife that result from changes in their soundscapes are increasingly being realized. To understand the effects of changing acoustic landscapes, we first must establish the importance of the acoustic sense for species to transfer information between the environment, con- and heterospecifics, and a receiver, and the functional role of calling in behaviours such as foraging, navigation, mate attraction, and weaning. This review begins with a discussion of the use of calling and the acquisition of the vocal repertoire, before providing examples from multiple taxa on the functional applications of signals and communication. The acoustic sensory mode adds to, if not being inherent in, many critical life history stages over a range of species. The potential effects on an animal resulting from a change in its perceived soundscape and disturbance on its acoustics use is outlined. This can then be used to consider the implications of an altered acoustic niche or active space in the success and survival of an individual or species. Furthermore, we discuss briefly metrics that could be used to understand the implications of these changes, or could be used to guide mitigation action to lessen the impact.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46535375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-Special Loudspeakers as Speech Test Sources in Natural Acoustics Speech Intelligibility Investigations 非专用扬声器作为自然声学语音测试源的语音清晰度研究

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-06-29 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5030038

L. Gomez-Agustina, H. Aygun, Liji Suseela Thankom Mohan

{"title":"Non-Special Loudspeakers as Speech Test Sources in Natural Acoustics Speech Intelligibility Investigations","authors":"L. Gomez-Agustina, H. Aygun, Liji Suseela Thankom Mohan","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5030038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5030038","url":null,"abstract":"Objective speech intelligibility estimations undertaken in natural acoustics speech communications (NAS) scenarios require the utilization of a speech source that approximates the acoustic characteristics of a human talker. Only a limited number of special speech sources that conform to the specifications in the relevant guidelines are available in the market; however, they can be deemed expensive by professional practitioners and other users. Non-special and affordable loudspeakers are often used in NAS investigations in place of standardized special speech sources without the knowledge of their suitability and results validity. This study aims to examine the suitability of a range of representative common and affordable non-special loudspeakers as a potential alternative to standardized speech sources in NAS indicative or pilot investigations. Frequency response and Speech Transmission Index Public Address (STIPA) experimental results obtained from a reference standardized speech source were compared against results from various non-special loudspeakers measured utilizing diverse and real-world representative combinations of NAS acoustic conditions under controlled laboratory conditions. STIPA mean absolute errors for the alternative speech sources were generally lower than the STIPA method uncertainty and one Just Noticeable Difference (0.03 STI). The findings of this study will inform practitioners of the suitability of affordable loudspeakers when standardized special test loudspeakers are not available.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42182880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

An Acoustoelectric Approach to Neuron Function 神经元功能的一种声光方法

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5030037

J. Kotthaus

{"title":"An Acoustoelectric Approach to Neuron Function","authors":"J. Kotthaus","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5030037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5030037","url":null,"abstract":"An acoustoelectric approach to neuron function is proposed that combines aspects of the widely accepted electrical-circuit-based Hodgkin–Huxley model for the generation and propagation of action potentials via electric polarization with mechanical models based on propagation via capillary waves. Explaining measured velocities of action potentials quantitatively, it also predicts the electrical tunability of highly anisotropic polarization packages that surf on the dynamic mechanical force field deforming the neuron membrane. It relies substantially on the local motion of dipoles formed by excess charges close to the inside surface of the neuron membrane, which in turn are anisotropically screened by water molecules in their hydration shell, thus modulating the strong electric field at the interface. As demonstrated on acoustic resonators of suspended nanowires fabricated out of amorphous dipolar silicon nitride, high electric fields combined with predominantly axial-strain modulation can cause transverse acoustoelectric polarization waves that propagate soliton-like with extremely low loss. In neurons, the modulation of electric polarization is confined in the nanometer-thin skin of a high electric field inside the neuron membrane and propagates phase-coherent along the axon as a lowest-order one-dimensional breathing mode, similar to transverse polarization pulses studied in nanowire resonators. Some experiments for the further manifestation of the model as well as topological protection of such breathing-mode polarization waves are discussed.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45222354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Bell-Shaped Opera Houses Realised by Antonio Galli Bibiena: Acoustic Comparison between the Communal Theatre of Bologna and the Scientific Theatre of Mantua Antonio Galli Bibiena的钟形歌剧院——博洛尼亚公共剧院与曼图阿科学剧院的声学比较

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-06-20 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020036

A. Bevilacqua, L. Tronchin

引用次数: 8

Effects of Varying Levels of Background Noise on Room Acoustic Parameters, Measured with ESS and MLS Methods 用ESS和MLS方法测量不同背景噪声水平对房间声学参数的影响

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-06-12 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020034

N. Papadakis, Smaro Antoniadou, G. Stavroulakis

{"title":"Effects of Varying Levels of Background Noise on Room Acoustic Parameters, Measured with ESS and MLS Methods","authors":"N. Papadakis, Smaro Antoniadou, G. Stavroulakis","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5020034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020034","url":null,"abstract":"Typically, background noise of different types and levels is present during the measurement of the impulse response in spaces. The two methods that are, in practice, most frequently used in the measurement of the impulse response, are the exponential sine sweep (ESS), and the maximum length sequence (MLS). This study’s objective was to estimate the impact of background noise (white noise, tonal noise) on the acoustic parameters (T30, EDT, C80, and D50) for ESS and MLS measurements, by introducing artificial background noise, employing an external sound source. For this purpose, measurements were performed with varying levels of external noise (in steps of 2 dB), and the effect was assessed, using the relative error compared to measurements without artificial background noise. According to the findings for white noise (as background noise), in the case of T30 and EDT, the difference between the two methods, as well as the relative error, for the initial levels of added background noise, was small. However, for higher levels of added background noise, there was a sharp increase in the relative error, which was greater for the ESS method, both for T30 and EDT. Regarding C80 and D50, while initially the differences between the ESS and MLS methods were small, cumulatively, as the background noise increased, the relative error increased for both methods, with the ESS method showing the largest error. In the case of tonal noise (as background noise), the results were consistent with those observed in the case of white noise. The study’s findings contribute to a better understanding of the ESS and MLS methods, and suggest the expected relative error of acoustic parameters when various types and levels of background noise are present. Additionally, the study suggests, based on background noise and level, the optimum method to conduct impulse response measurements.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41320068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

An Acoustic Simulation Method of the Japanese Vowels /i/ and /u/ by Using the Boundary Element Method 基于边界元法的日语元音/i/和/u/声学模拟方法

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-06-06 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020033

Mami Shiraishi, Katsuaki Mishima, Masahiro Takekawa, Masaaki Mori, Hirotsugu Umeda

{"title":"An Acoustic Simulation Method of the Japanese Vowels /i/ and /u/ by Using the Boundary Element Method","authors":"Mami Shiraishi, Katsuaki Mishima, Masahiro Takekawa, Masaaki Mori, Hirotsugu Umeda","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5020033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020033","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to establish and verify the validity of an acoustic simulation method during sustained phonation of the Japanese vowels /i/ and /u/. The study participants were six healthy adults. First, vocal tract models were constructed based on computed tomography (CT) data, such as the range from the frontal sinus to the glottis, during sustained phonation of /i/ and /u/. To imitate the trachea, after being virtually extended by 12 cm, cylindrical shapes were then added to the vocal tract models between the tracheal bifurcation and the lower part of the glottis. Next, the boundary element method and the Kirchhoff–Helmholtz integral equation were used for discretization and to represent the wave equation for sound propagation, respectively. As a result, the relative discrimination thresholds of the vowel formant frequencies for /i/ and /u/ against actual voice were 1.1–10.2% and 0.4–9.3% for the first formant and 3.9–7.5% and 5.0–12.5% for the second formant, respectively. In the vocal tract model with nasal coupling, a pole–zero pair was observed at around 500 Hz, and for both /i/ and /u/, a pole–zero pair was observed at around 1000 Hz regardless of the presence or absence of nasal coupling. Therefore, the boundary element method, which produces solutions by analysis of boundary problems rather than three-dimensional aspects, was thought to be effective for simulating the Japanese vowels /i/ and /u/ with high validity for the vocal tract models encompassing a wide range, from the frontal sinuses to the trachea, constructed from CT data obtained during sustained phonation.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135493363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IIR Cascaded-Resonator-Based Complex Filter Banks 基于IIR级联谐振器的复杂滤波器组

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-05-30 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020032

M. Kušljević, V. Vujicic, J. Tomic, P. Poljak

{"title":"IIR Cascaded-Resonator-Based Complex Filter Banks","authors":"M. Kušljević, V. Vujicic, J. Tomic, P. Poljak","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5020032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020032","url":null,"abstract":"The use of a filter bank of IIR filters for the spectral decomposition and analysis of signals has been popular for many years. As such, a new filter-bank resonator-based structure, representing an extremely hardware-efficient structure, has received a good deal of attention. Recently, multiple-resonator (MR)-based and general cascaded-resonator (CR)-based filters have been proposed. In comparison to single-resonator-based analyzers, analyzers with a higher multiplicity of resonators in the cascade provide lower side lobes and a higher attenuation in stopbands. In previous works, it was shown that the CR-based filter bank with infinite impulse response (IIR) filters, which is numerically more efficient than one with finite impulse response (FIR) filters, is suitable for dynamic harmonic analysis. This paper uses the same approach to design complex digital filter banks. In the previous case, the optimization task referred to the frequency responses of harmonic filters. In this work, the harmonic filters of the mother filter bank are reshaped so that the frequency response of the sum (or difference, depending on the parity of the number of resonators in the cascade) of two adjacent harmonic filters is optimized. This way, an online adaptive filter base can be obtained. The bandwidth of the filters in the designed filter bank can be simply changed online by adding or omitting the output signals of the corresponding harmonics of the mother filter.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49638602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Automatic CHIEF Point Selection for Finite Element–Boundary Element Acoustic Backscattering 有限元-边界元声学后向散射主点自动选择

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-05-19 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020031

P. Krysl, A. Abawi

{"title":"Automatic CHIEF Point Selection for Finite Element–Boundary Element Acoustic Backscattering","authors":"P. Krysl, A. Abawi","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5020031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020031","url":null,"abstract":"Computing the backscattering of harmonic acoustic waves from underwater elastic targets of arbitrary shapes is a challenging problem of considerable practical significance. The finite element method is well suited for the discretization of the target, while the boundary element method addresses the radiation boundary condition at infinity. A disadvantage of the boundary integral method is that it yields non-unique solutions at certain wavenumbers. This failure is associated with the existence of eigensolutions of the Helmholtz equation in the interior of the complement of the fluid domain (acoustic modes). The combined Helmholtz integral equation formulation (CHIEF) credited to Schenk is employed to combine the surface Helmholtz boundary integral with equations of the interior Helmholtz relation written down at selected points within the cavity of the scatterer (i.e., in the complement of the fluid domain).The difficulty associated with this approach has always been the lack of guidance on the necessary number of interior points and on their locations. The solution to this problem proposed here is to compute the acoustic modes using the finite element method to complement of the fluid domain and to identify locations of the peaks.This novel approach aids the decision as to how many points should be employed and where they should be located. Our numerical experiments demonstrate the robustness of the proposed automatic selection of the CHIEF points’ numbers and locations.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44650047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interference of Echo-Signals from Two Buried Spherical Targets 两个埋地球形目标回波信号的干扰

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-05-18 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020030

N. Grigorieva, Fiodor F. Legusha, D. Nikushchenko, Kirill Safronov

引用次数: 0

Key Factors That Influence the Frequency Range of Measured Leak Noise in Buried Plastic Water Pipes: Theory and Experiment 影响埋地塑料水管泄漏噪声测量频率范围的关键因素:理论与实验

Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland) Pub Date : 2023-05-12 DOI: 10.3390/acoustics5020029

O. Scussel, M. Brennan, Fabrício Cézar L. de Almeida, M. Iwanaga, J. Muggleton, P. Joseph, Yan Gao

{"title":"Key Factors That Influence the Frequency Range of Measured Leak Noise in Buried Plastic Water Pipes: Theory and Experiment","authors":"O. Scussel, M. Brennan, Fabrício Cézar L. de Almeida, M. Iwanaga, J. Muggleton, P. Joseph, Yan Gao","doi":"10.3390/acoustics5020029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/acoustics5020029","url":null,"abstract":"The frequency range of the leak noise in buried water pipes, measured using acoustic correlators, depends significantly on the type of pipe and its location as well as the type of sensors used. Having a rough idea of this frequency range can be beneficial for operators prior to conducting tests; however, there is currently no method of predicting it except through practical experience, and no model-based approach yet exists. This issue is addressed in the present paper by using a concise and relatively simple analytical model of the water-pipe–soil system combined with the sensors’ frequency response. The influence of the various physical parameters of the system, such as the pipe and soil properties and the sensor type, on the cross-power spectral density (CPSD) of leak noise signals and, furthermore, the frequency range are investigated. The main factors that affect the bandwidth are the distance between the sensors, wave speed of the predominantly fluid-borne wave in the pipe and the attenuation of this wave. It is shown that the external medium has a profound effect on the propagation and, in turn, on the bandwidth. The approach to predicting this bandwidth is validated using experimental data from three different test sites.","PeriodicalId":72045,"journal":{"name":"Acoustics (Basel, Switzerland)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42392663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0