神经元功能的一种声光方法

IF 1.3 Q3 ACOUSTICS
J. Kotthaus
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引用次数: 0

摘要

提出了一种神经元功能的声电方法,该方法结合了广泛接受的基于电路的霍奇金-赫胥黎模型和基于毛细波传播的力学模型,这些模型是通过电极化产生和传播动作电位。定量地解释了测量到的动作电位速度,它还预测了在使神经元膜变形的动态机械力场上冲浪的高度各向异性极化包的电可调性。它主要依赖于偶极子的局部运动,偶极子是由靠近神经元膜内表面的多余电荷形成的,而这些电荷又被水合壳中的水分子各向异性地屏蔽,从而调节界面处的强电场。在由非晶偶极氮化硅制成的悬浮纳米线声学谐振器中,高电场结合主要的轴向应变调制可以产生横向声电极化波,以极低的损耗传播孤子样。在神经元中,电极化的调制被限制在神经元膜内高电场的纳米薄皮肤中,并以最低阶一维呼吸模式沿轴突相相干传播,类似于在纳米线谐振器中研究的横向极化脉冲。本文还讨论了进一步验证该模型的实验以及呼吸模极化波的拓扑保护。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
An Acoustoelectric Approach to Neuron Function
An acoustoelectric approach to neuron function is proposed that combines aspects of the widely accepted electrical-circuit-based Hodgkin–Huxley model for the generation and propagation of action potentials via electric polarization with mechanical models based on propagation via capillary waves. Explaining measured velocities of action potentials quantitatively, it also predicts the electrical tunability of highly anisotropic polarization packages that surf on the dynamic mechanical force field deforming the neuron membrane. It relies substantially on the local motion of dipoles formed by excess charges close to the inside surface of the neuron membrane, which in turn are anisotropically screened by water molecules in their hydration shell, thus modulating the strong electric field at the interface. As demonstrated on acoustic resonators of suspended nanowires fabricated out of amorphous dipolar silicon nitride, high electric fields combined with predominantly axial-strain modulation can cause transverse acoustoelectric polarization waves that propagate soliton-like with extremely low loss. In neurons, the modulation of electric polarization is confined in the nanometer-thin skin of a high electric field inside the neuron membrane and propagates phase-coherent along the axon as a lowest-order one-dimensional breathing mode, similar to transverse polarization pulses studied in nanowire resonators. Some experiments for the further manifestation of the model as well as topological protection of such breathing-mode polarization waves are discussed.
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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.70
自引率
0.00%
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0
审稿时长
11 weeks
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