Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research最新文献

{"title":"Shape memory polyimides with large strain and high temperature resistance based on covalent-noncovalent dual-crosslinked networks","authors":"Xiuting Li ,&nbsp;Xinyan Zhou ,&nbsp;Rui Shang ,&nbsp;Qingsong Xu ,&nbsp;Jie Dong ,&nbsp;Xin Zhao ,&nbsp;Qinghua Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>High-temperature shape memory polymers (SMPs) often face inherent trade-offs between strain capacity and thermal stability. To address this challenge, we develop a novel shape memory polyimide (SMPI) that concurrently achieves record-breaking high temperature resistance and shape memory performance with a glass transition temperature (<em>T</em>_<em>g</em>) exceeding 230 °C, recoverable strain capabilities surpassing 450 %, and shape recovery higher than 99.5 %. This optimal performance balance stems from the synergistic interplay of molecular chain flexibility, dynamic hydrogen bonds, and covalent cross-linking networks. Molecular simulations and experimental analyses reveal the cooperative mechanisms between dynamic hydrogen bonds and covalent networks. Specifically, upon thermal activation, temperature-dependent dynamic hydrogen bonds dissociate, facilitating large-strain deformability. Conversely, upon cooling, their recombination restricts polymer chain mobility, enhancing shape fixity. Concurrently, the covalent cross-linking network suppresses plastic deformation during shape programming and accelerates shape recovery. Furthermore, we engineered polyimide fiber-reinforced SMPI composites that exhibited two-way shape memory behavior with 100 % cyclic retention over 10 cycles, demonstrating their potential to be applied in aerospace actuators and intelligent robots in extreme environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 137-146"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Flexible polyurethane-based phase change composites with ultra-fast curing and thermal management capabilities","authors":"Xinbo Zheng ,&nbsp;Yongshuang Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhaozhang Zhao ,&nbsp;Chao Fang ,&nbsp;Xinyue Song ,&nbsp;Yan Cao ,&nbsp;Qiaole Hu ,&nbsp;Jintao Huang ,&nbsp;Xifang Shi ,&nbsp;Yonggang Min ,&nbsp;Wenhong Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Phase change material (PCM) have several drawbacks, including liquid leakage, solid brittleness, low thermal conductivity and monofunctionality. In order to address these shortcomings, this study used polyurethane (PU) as the flexible packaging materials, palmitic acid (PA) as the phase change material, and h-BN as a thermal conductivity enhancer to create BN/PUPCM composite films with spatial network structure using prepolymerization crosslinking and physical mixing. The latent heat and thermal conductivity of the films can be efficiently enhanced by the PA and h-BN dispersed throughout the matrix structure. The composite film with R value of 1.5 and PCM content of 30 % has a good heat storage capacity, and its latent heat can reach 102.3 J/g. The BN/PUPCM@30 composite film exhibited a good mechanical performance, achieving a tensile strength of 12.0 MPa coupled with exceptional ductility (457.0 % elongation at break). The energy storage capacity of BN/PUPCM@30 remained constant even after 100 heating/cooling cycles, suggesting reversible energy storage capability and long-term thermal dependability. Furthermore, the BN/PUPCM@30 composite film displayed ultra-fast curing properties, achieving complete film formation within 4 min at 90 °C. Furthermore, introducing h-BN significantly improves the photothermal conversion and absorption of PUPCM, raising the temperature of the composite film by 4.9 °C, as can be seen from the infrared thermography. During the cooling process, an excellent temperature control capability was demonstrated by a constant temperature plateau lasting approximately 300 s. This work offers a novel method for creating polyurethane-based composite PCM with ultra-fast curing and thermal management capabilities.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Systematic metabolic engineering of Photobacterium sp. TLY01 for high-yield biosynthesis of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-4-hydroxybutyrate)","authors":"Meng-Ru Wang ,&nbsp;Xueqi Song ,&nbsp;Siyan Tao,&nbsp;Zheng-Jun Li","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<em>co</em>-4-hydroxybutyrate) (P34HB) is a biodegradable copolymer with considerable potential in biomedical and industrial applications. This study presents the first systematic metabolic engineering of <em>Photobacterium</em> sp. TLY01 for efficient production of P34HB. Multiple pathways for 4-hydroxybutyrate (4HB) monomer supply were engineered, including those utilizing γ-butyrolactone (GBL), 1,4-butanediol (BDO), and a <em>de novo</em> route from glycerol. Notably, <em>Photobacterium</em> sp. TLY01 demonstrated remarkable tolerance to GBL, and achieved up to 90 mol% 4HB incorporation <em>via</em> heterologous expression of the CoA transferase gene <em>orfZ</em>. The introduction of <em>dhaT</em> and <em>aldD</em> from <em>Pseudomonas putida</em> enabled 4HB synthesis from BDO. To establish a fully glycerol-based system, a succinate-derived 4HB pathway from <em>Clostridium kluyveri</em> was introduced, while three native <em>gabD</em> genes were deleted to redirect carbon flow toward 4HB formation, enabling P34HB production without exogenous precursors. Furthermore, deletion of <em>gltA</em> combined with supplementation of tricarboxylic acid cycle intermediates enhanced polymer biosynthesis, increasing P34HB titers by 3–4 times to approximately 15 g/L in shake-flasks. Fed-batch fermentation using the engineered strain TPS4O Δ<em>gltA</em> achieved a P34HB titer of 90.61 g/L with a yield of 0.44 g/g glycerol. These results establish a sustainable and scalable platform for P34HB production using a <em>Vibrionaceae</em> chassis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 115-124"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A novel degradable three-dimensional binder DSM-g-PAA-c-PEG for a high-performance Si anode in lithium-ion batteries","authors":"Zijian Zhao,&nbsp;Zhenyang Zheng,&nbsp;Kaixiang Chen,&nbsp;Mengqi Ma,&nbsp;Mingqiu Zhang,&nbsp;Wenhong Ruan","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silicon anodes have been extensively researched due to their high capacity and potential to revolutionize energy storage. However, during lithiation and delithiation cycles, the volume expansion of silicon anodes can lead to mechanical damage and significant capacity decay. To address this issue, three-dimensional polymer binders have been introduced to suppress volume changes by providing mechanical support. Although cross-linking in these binders improves their robustness, current options with high molecular weights and cross-linked structures are not biodegradable. To provide an environmentally friendly solution, we propose grafting degradable starch microspheres (DSM) with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA) and cross-linking with polyethylene glycol (PEG) to form DSM-g-PAA-c-PEG, a binder that demonstrates strong adhesive properties and superior mechanical strength compared to PAA. The UV–Visible spectrum confirms DSM's continued degradability. After cycling the Si@DSM-g-PAA-c-PEG anode 100 times at 0.25C, it achieves a capacity retention rate of 58.1 % with a reversible capacity of 2127.8 mAh g⁻¹. This work provides new insight into the engineering of next-generation silicon electrode using an environmentally-friendly binding strategy, which may advance the large-scale industrial application of lithium-ion batteries.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 107-114"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multifunctional hybrid MXene/ZIF/semiconductor-based coating for photocatalytic degradation and long-term marine corrosion protection","authors":"Reza Ghamarpoor ,&nbsp;Bahram Ramezanzadeh","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this study, a multifunctional hybrid nanocomposite coating, designated as NanoTri-Shield, was developed to enhance both photocatalytic activity and long-term corrosion protection in saline environments. The innovation lies in the hierarchical integration of aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES)-functionalized Mo₃C₂Tx MXene (AMX) with CeO₂-decorated mixed-ligand-etched ZIF nanocarriers (Ce@LZIF) and embedded zinc/phosphate (ZP) corrosion inhibitors within a unified protective system. The synthesis route employs a sequential sol–gel encapsulation and ligand-induced etching technique, enabling optimal dispersion and interfacial compatibility of nanofillers within the epoxy matrix. Photocatalytic tests showed 97 % degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV and 80 % under visible light, driven by superoxide (O₂^•-) and hydroxyl (OH^•) radicals, confirmed by ESR and radical scavenging studies. The electron transfer mechanism facilitated by MXene sheets significantly suppressed recombination, yielding superior photo-reactivity. Recyclability tests over five cycles revealed negligible loss in catalytic performance, confirming structural durability. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) and salt spray evaluations revealed outstanding anti-corrosion performance. After 90 days of immersion in 3.5 wt% NaCl, the intact E-ZP/Ce@LZIF/AMX coating retained an impedance modulus |Z|_0.01Hz of 1.26 × 10¹⁰ Ω cm². The E-ZP/Ce@LZIF/AMX coating showed self-healing index up to 1.947, R_t 126510 Ω cm², and R_ct 119310 Ω cm², maintaining superior anti-corrosion performance over 72 h in 3.5 % NaCl. These findings highlight the promise of this hybrid system for photocatalyst and marine coating applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 85-106"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dual interface strategies using carbon dots for fabricating thermally conductive polymers by pyrrhotite and waste plastics","authors":"Zhiyi Wang ,&nbsp;Jianchao Wang ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Hongru Jiang ,&nbsp;Chongqing Wang ,&nbsp;Yingshuang Zhang ,&nbsp;Hongshuai Hou ,&nbsp;Lingyue Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The thermally conductive polymers used in modern microelectronic devices have been a hot topic around the world. Herein, we proposed a novel dual interface strategy to fabricate thermally conductive polymer with waste plastics and pyrrhotite (Pyr), and decipher the interface coupling mechanisms facilitated by carbon dots (CDs). First, through hot-pressing, the polymer composites (ABS/S@CD-Pyr) were fabricated using waste poly(acrylonitrile-co-butadiene-co-styrene) (ABS) and Pyr. The thermal conductivity (TC) of polymer composites was affected by various parameters, and the highest TC reached 1.68 W/m·K. Second, the interfacial coupling of ABS/S@CD-Pyr was elucidated via the systematical characterization and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation, and the chemical coupling (C–S and C<img>S bonds) and nanoscale effects of CDs were mainly responsible for the reduced interfacial thermal resistance and the enhanced thermal conductivity. Third, the other critical properties of polymer composites were estimated, and ABS/S@CD-Pyr possessed good electrical resistivity, electromagnetic interference shielding performance, thermal stability, mechanical strength, thermal cycling, and water resistance. Finally, the applicability of proposed strategy was tested with various types of waste plastics, and in most cases, the TC of polymer composites was above 1.60 W/m·K. These findings would provide valuable insights into the high-value resource utilization of waste plastics and Pyr tailings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 49-62"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diisocyanate-induced dynamic vulcanization and interfacial compatibilization toward mechanically robust PPC-P/PLA blends with enhanced foamability","authors":"Change Wu ,&nbsp;Yu Ding ,&nbsp;Min Xiao ,&nbsp;Dongmei Han ,&nbsp;Sheng Huang ,&nbsp;Shuanjin Wang ,&nbsp;Yuezhong Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly(propylene carbonate-co-phthalate) (PPC–P), limited by inferior melt strength and heat resistance, exhibits poor foamability and thermal stability. This study enhances PPC-P through biodegradable PLA incorporation and HDI-induced dynamic vulcanization of terminal hydroxyl groups, improving the interfacial compatibility. The gel contents, rheological properties, crystallization behaviours, mechanical properties, compatibility and microstructures of the PPC-P/PLA blends are investigated in detail. By adjusting the compatibilizer-NCO dosage and PLA contents, the melt strength and viscoelasticity of the blends are effectively enhanced and regulated. Enhanced interfacial compatibility among PPC-P and PLA phases, improves the tensile strength and elongation at break of PPC-P/PLA composites, with values of 48.2 MPa and 12.9 %, respectively. By using the sub-critical CO₂ as blowing agent, light weight and low-shrinkage PPC-P/PLA foams with well refined cell structures are successfully obtained, which can be attributed to the improved melt strength and the induced thermal stability. The relationship between the crosslinked-crystalline network and the foam quality are established, including CO₂ solubility, cell microstructure, and dimensional stability. PPC-P/PLA foams show refined microstructures (cell size &lt;50 μm, cell density &gt;1.5 × 10⁹ cells/cm³, VER &gt;20), and low shrinkage (&lt;25 %). Here, the crosslinks and crystals play multiple essential roles in increasing the melt strength and foamability of PPC-P, providing a widely applicable low-shrinkage strategy, which is crucial for the biodegradable foams.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 33-48"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficient fabrication of flexible thermoplastic elastomer/carbon nanotubes piezoresistive sensor with surface microstructures and interface micropores for human motion monitoring","authors":"Rui Tong ,&nbsp;Kai Xiong ,&nbsp;Weilong Zhou ,&nbsp;Kang Zhou ,&nbsp;Yu Du ,&nbsp;Jiabao Lu ,&nbsp;Heng Xie ,&nbsp;Ting Wu ,&nbsp;Jinping Qu","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Flexible piezoresistive sensors are pivotal for next-generation wearable electronics, yet are fundamentally constrained by the sensitivity-range-stability trade-off inherent in conventional monoscale architectures. Herein, an efficient method that combines extrusion compression molding and sacrificial templating is proposed for the large-scale fabrication of the dual-microstructured thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)/carbon nanotubes (CNTs) sensor (MTCS). Through synergistic coordination between surface micropillar arrays and interface micropores, the MTCS achieves a 200 kPa detection range and sensitivity of up to 2.324 kPa⁻¹. At the same time, the sensor exhibits minimal signal degradation following 2000 compression cycles and demonstrates a response time of 146 ms. The micropillar/micropore coordination enables dynamic reconstruction of conductive networks during compression. Micropore collapse enhances through-threshold conduction while micropillar deformation enlarges surface contact area. The MTCS achieves a balanced optimization of sensitivity, detection range, and stability while possessing the advantage of large-scale manufacturing, with performance sufficient to meet demands in scenarios like routine human motion monitoring. The proposed strategy offers a promising approach for advancing the development of flexible piezoresistive sensors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 23-32"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oligomer engineering enabling high-performance Poly(phenylene oxide) resins for high-frequency/speed copper clad laminates","authors":"Zhiyong Zhen ,&nbsp;Xianping Zeng ,&nbsp;Xiangxing Zeng ,&nbsp;Dong Tang ,&nbsp;Zetong Ma ,&nbsp;Zhongke Yuan ,&nbsp;Xudong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Poly (phenylene oxide) (PPO), recognized for its exceptional dielectric properties, serves as a preferred matrix resin for high-frequency and high-speed copper-clad laminates (CCLs). However, research on functionalized PPO resins is constrained by synthesis challenges, relying primarily on two commercial resins with fixed molecular weights/distributions and insufficient end-group functionalization. These exhibit performance bottlenecks in higher-grade CCLs applications, and crucially, lack systematic studies on the structure-processing-property relationships governed by tunable precursor oligomer polymerization degrees (DP). This work employs precursor oligomer engineering via direct copolymerization with methacrylic anhydride (MMA) as the capping agent to synthesize a series of PPO_n-MMA oligomers (DP, n = 5–25) featuring an ultrahigh difunctional group content (&gt;97 %). These oligomers were blended with hydrocarbon resin, flame retardant, and crosslinker to prepare glass fiber-reinforced composites. Results demonstrate that the oligomer (DP, n = 5) significantly dictates processing behavior and performance: the system exhibits a minimum viscosity of 80 Pa⋅s (much lower than 700⋅Pa s for commercial resin), a 38.6 % increase in flexural strength, a glass transition temperature (<em>T</em>_g) elevated to 241 °C, and a 96.7 % increase in crosslinking density. The coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) value is reduced to 8.6 ppm/°C (40–240 °C). Furthermore, it achieves an extremely low dielectric loss (<em>D</em>_<em>f</em> = 0.0044) at 10 GHz with weak frequency dependence. This oligomer engineering strategy delivers superior processability, thermal resistance, mechanical strength, and dielectric properties. It elucidates the critical DP–processing–performance relationships, providing fundamental insights and technical pathways for developing high-performance functionalized low-molecular-weight PPO resins for next-generation high-frequency/high-speed CCLs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 11-22"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cryo-polymerization-assisted additive manufacturing of hierarchical porous epoxy framework for multifunctional protection","authors":"Zhenyu Wang ,&nbsp;Chenxi Hua ,&nbsp;Tao Zhang ,&nbsp;Peng Chen ,&nbsp;Xinyu Song ,&nbsp;Shixuan Xu ,&nbsp;Ming Li ,&nbsp;Jiehao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuyang Lu ,&nbsp;Ling Tu ,&nbsp;Boxian Liu ,&nbsp;Xi Shen ,&nbsp;Congbin Yin ,&nbsp;Yu Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.10.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electronic components are highly susceptible to harsh environmental conditions, underscoring the urgent demand for multifunctional protective materials. In this study, we propose a cryo-polymerization-assisted additive manufacturing technique to fabricate hierarchically porous epoxy frameworks with superior electronic protection capabilities. A room-temperature-processable aqueous ink system incorporating carbon nanofibers and waterborne epoxy is developed, enabling the precise additive manufacturing of 3D lattice structures featuring well-ordered macroscale pores. Subsequent cryo-polymerization process further generates microporous networks within the additively manufactured filaments, yielding a hierarchical architecture with multiscale porosity. This unique structural design endows the resulting composite with remarkable multifunctionality, combining impact absorption (86 %), fracture toughness (1.41 MPa·m^1/2), and thermal insulation (0.13 W·m⁻¹·K⁻¹). The composite maintains over 90 % strength under harsh conditions while demonstrating strong hydrophobicity (water contact angle of 120°) and superior EMI shielding effectiveness (&gt;40 dB). This work establishes a versatile platform for high-performance protective devices and paves the way for next-generation smart materials in advanced electronic protection systems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 1","pages":"Pages 168-178"},"PeriodicalIF":12.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146057296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}