{"title":"Enhanced polybenzoxazine vitrimer molecular network with excellent acid-base and solvent resistance based on cross-linking expansion and through-space conjugation","authors":"Picheng Chen, Zhihao Wang, Yuqi Shao, Yanqing Wang, Yu Ding, Yuetao Liu, Chuanhui Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The participation of dynamic covalent bonds gives Vitrimer materials the ability to “reshape and regenerate”. However, the relatively low bond energy of the dynamic covalent bond which vulnerability results in vitrimer materials showing low tolerance during use, thus seriously limits their wide application. In this study, we proposed a molecular network enhancement strategy based on cross-linking expansion and through-space conjugation. Dynamic imine bonds were introduced into the vanillin-based bio-basic benzoxazine resin to achieve the material remodeling and recycling under hot pressing process. Using the through-space conjugation of the benzene ring inside the polybenzoxazine network and the extended cross-linking density of the furan groups, the mesh size inside the material network structure could be reduced by 62.8 %, and the mass loss after 24 h of soak in acidic conditions was only 4.85 %, and its Young's modulus reached 3049 MPa, and the glass transition temperature was as high as 195.9 °C. More importantly, we have proposed the synthesis mechanism of benzoxazine monomer and the differences in the synthesis mechanism of polybenzoxazine under different substituent amine sources. This work provides a reference for the preparation of polymer densification and the development of functional polybenzoxazine materials in the future.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 448-458"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Polymer microsphere-enabled composite coating: Elastic energy Storage–Release under deep-sea alternating loading","authors":"Jinyu Wu, Yimin Luo, Zhongrun Qiu, Peiyan Yang, Liangyi Cai, Zhuangzhu Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.06.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the failure of hard–soft interfaces in conventional inorganic–organic protective coatings under deep-sea alternating loading, a polymer microsphere-based composite coating was fabricated by a one-step process. The coating showed strong adhesion to the substrate (about 26.49 MPa). Based on the falling-ball impact process, a method was proposed to evaluate the elastic response of coating materials, from which the first flight time (FFT) was obtained and the elastic energy coefficient (EEC) was calculated. For a composite coating with a thickness of 80 μm and a microsphere content of 20 vol%, the FFT reached 418 ms, which was 138% of that of a pure PU coating. The elastic energy coefficient (EEC) reached 2.53. An elastic energy storage–release model was proposed to clarify the interfacial enhancement mechanism between microsphere-enabled energy storage and matrix-mediated energy release. After alternating loading from 0 to 20 MPa, the coating showed an EEC of 2.41, which was 6 times higher than that of an inorganic microsphere coating. The adhesion strength remained above 17 MPa. The coating also maintained stable elastic performance under marine engineering conditions (ultraviolet radiation, artificial seawater). This work provides a new perspective for the design of protective coatings for deep-sea alternating loading.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 597-609"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sustainable recycling of polymer nanocomposites: Challenges and innovations","authors":"Ramin Hosseinnezhad, Mehrnaz Khalaji, Dhanumalayan Elumalai, Iurii Vozniak","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polymer nanocomposites (PNCs) offer lightweight materials with enhanced mechanical, thermal, barrier, and functional properties, but their complex architectures pose significant challenges for sustainable end-of-life (EoL) management. This review provides a critical and comparative analysis of current recycling strategies for PNCs incorporating inorganic, carbon-based, in-situ generated polymeric, and hierarchically structured nanofillers. Mechanical, chemical, solvent-based, and emerging thermal approaches are systematically evaluated with respect to property retention, morphological stability, and nanofiller behaviour during repeated processing cycles.</div><div>Beyond summarizing existing methods, this review identifies key structure–recyclability relationships that govern performance loss, filler migration, and phase instability, highlighting how nanofiller chemistry, dimensionality, and interfacial interactions dictate recyclability outcomes. Particular emphasis is placed on all-polymer nanocomposites (APNCs), which are critically assessed as a promising pathway toward closed-loop recycling due to their intrinsic chemical compatibility, while also addressing unresolved challenges related to fibrillar morphology preservation during reprocessing.</div><div>By comparing recycling efficiencies across nanofiller classes and processing routes, this review delineates design principles for recyclable nanocomposites and identifies gaps that limit industrial implementation. The analysis demonstrates that optimized nanofiller loading, compatibilization strategies, and controlled processing histories can significantly mitigate degradation and enable functional reuse. Overall, the review provides actionable insights for designing next-generation PNCs aligned with circular economy principles rather than treating recyclability as an afterthought.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 459-483"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Unexplored Green Solvent Systems for The Preparation of electrospun PLA and PCL functional Membranes: Overcoming Technological Lock-In","authors":"Emmanuel Fortunato Gulino, Roberto Scaffaro","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrospinning enables the fabrication of nanofibrous membranes with high surface area, tunable porosity, and good mechanical performance. Nevertheless, the vast majority of studies still rely on potentially carcinogenic solvents, such as chloroform (CHF) and dichloromethane (DCM), particularly for polymers like polylactic acid (PLA) and polycaprolactone (PCL). This use reflects a technological lock-in, where hazardous protocols persist despite well documented risks for human health and environment. In this study, acetone, ethanol, and water were investigated as green or green-acceptable alternatives to commonly used solvents for producing electrospun functional membranes. Thermodynamic compatibility was first assessed using Hansen Solubility Parameters (HSP), and their experimentally validated by evaluating solution stability and processability under standard electrospinning conditions. Rheological and morphological analyses confirmed that green solvent-based solutions with adequate proportions allowed producing fibers are comparable to the membrane prepared using hazardous solvent, with additional tunability in terms of fiber diameter and overall morphology. Mechanical testing and wettability measurements further showed properties that are fully comparable to the reference systems, while functional oil absorption tests demonstrated capacities up to 25 g/g with confirmed reusability over five cycles. Finally, the study provides evidence that the long-standing solvent lock-in in electrospinning can be realistically overcome. Crucially, this was achieved without altering the standard process parameters and while obtaining membranes with comparable performances, or in some cases superior, to those fabricated with hazardous solvents.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 484-500"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multiscale strategies for enhancing durability of polylactic acid: A review of structural modifications and circular economy integration","authors":"Nomvuyo Nomadolo, Suprakas Sinha Ray","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.03.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Polylactic acid is steadily gaining market share as a compostable, bio-based alternative to petroleum-based thermoplastics. However, its use in high-performance applications remains limited due to its brittleness, low heat-distortion temperature, and rapid hydrolytic and thermal oxidative breakdown. Over the past 25 years, researchers have developed various methods to address these challenges, including modifying molecular chain architecture, controlling supramolecular compatibility and crystallinity, and reinforcing macro- and nano-scale structures. This review examines these strategies across different length scales. It critically evaluates how multimodal approaches, such as chain extension, dynamic networking, compatibilization, plasticization, nanofiller integration, and fiber-reinforced blends, can deliver synergistic improvements in durability while supporting principles of the circular economy. By comparing results on mechanical, thermal, recyclability, and aging, the review also identifies research gaps, particularly in long-term aging under real-world conditions and in end-of-life sorting infrastructure. At the end of this review, a roadmap is proposed for translating laboratory breakthroughs into scalable industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 501-535"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Transparent and biodegradable PPC-P blown packaging film toughend using highly entangled UHMW-PEO","authors":"Siyuan Li, Jizhi Ai, Min Xiao, Hungyu Zhu, Sheng Huang, Shuanjin Wang, Yuezhong Meng","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO<sub>2</sub> based-Poly (propylene carbonate phthalate) (PPC–P), a CO<sub>2</sub>-based polymer, is esteemed for its commendable mechanical properties, biodegradability and high transparency, positioning it as a promising material for sustainable packaging. However, its inherent brittleness and poor toughness significantly restrict its practical applications. This study addresses this limitation by incorporating ultra-high molecular weight poly (ethylene oxide) (UHMW-PEO) as an effective toughening agent. To overcome the melting processing challenges posed by the extremely high melt viscosity of UHMW-PEO, a novel hybrid methodology integrating solution blending, gradual dilution and melt blending is successfully implemented. The resulting blends exhibit excellent compatibility between PPC-P and UHMW-PEO because of the incorporation of entanglements introduced. Remarkably, the addition of a small amount of UHMW-PEO yields a toughened PPC-P material with an optimal balance of tensile strength, ductility and transparency. PPC-P/5%PEO formulation is selected for blown film extrusion, producing films that retain exceptional transparency (>90%), robust barrier properties and a high tensile strength (∼22 MPa), while simultaneously exhibiting outstanding ductility (∼400% elongation at break) and impressive tear resistance (∼63 kN/m). These findings underscore the potential of this eco-friendly blend as a high-performance material for packaging articles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 577-586"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148546459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Characterizing viscoelasticity and fatigue damage of complex polymeric material asphalt using molecular-scale dynamic modelling","authors":"Weiwei Tian, Hui Li, Yuqing Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Molecular dynamics simulations are employed to investigate the nanoscale properties of asphalt binder, a polymer-based composite material. However, nanoscale nonlinear viscoelasticity and fatigue damage remain poorly understood, and molecular simulation parameters still lack a robust quantitative link to macroscopic mechanical performance. Progress in cross-scale prediction of asphalt mechanical properties is severely limited by the lack of molecular-scale methods to capture key parameters (e.g., dynamic modulus). This study develops a dynamic loading modelling algorithm to characterize the viscoelastic and fatigue damage behavior of the asphalt materials at the nanoscale. The results show that the dynamic modelling can obtain stable stress-strain data with characteristic viscoelastic hysteresis behavior. The simulated dynamic shear modulus master curves capture differences among molecular components and reproduce the relative magnitudes observed experimentally. Despite a nine orders of magnitude difference in temporal and spatial scales between the asphalt binder models and actual materials, high-frequency simulations deviate by less than 0.5 orders of magnitude from macroscopic data from the SHRP report. Under constant temperature and loading frequency, the asphalt molecular model exhibits the typical stage mechanical responses: linear viscoelastic, nonlinear viscoelastic, and fatigue damage. Input stress amplitudes of 0.4 GPa and 0.7 GPa serve as thresholds for these stages in the AAM-1 asphalt binder model. Energy dissipation remains nearly constant during viscoelastic stages but increases in the damage phase, accompanied by microstructural evolution such as void growth and increased fractional free volume, reflecting progressive structural degradation and reduced deformation resistance. These findings advance the understanding of molecular-scale dynamic mechanics in asphalt binder, provide quantitative insight into stage-specific viscoelastic and damage behavior, and offer a foundation for cross-scale constitutive modeling and prediction of macroscopic mechanical performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 536-552"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Rubber-based gas barrier materials: A review","authors":"Xinping Song, Huafeng Shao, Aihua He","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.12.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.12.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a strategic raw material for fundamental industries, rubber materials occupy an irreplaceable position in social development owing to their distinctive properties such as elasticity, sealing capacity, wear resistance, and insulation. Globally, approximately 70 % of natural rubber is utilized in tire manufacturing, thereby forming the backbone of the extensive supply chain within the automotive industry. Key components in the transportation sector, including tires, seals, and damping materials for automobiles, aircraft, ships, and high-speed trains, depend on advanced gas barrier rubber technologies. The advent of new energy vehicles has further heightened the demand for high-performance rubber materials with enhanced gas barrier properties, particularly those exhibiting superior high-temperature stability and corrosion resistance. This review first elaborates on the mechanism underlying gas permeation through rubber matrices and analyzes the critical factors influencing the gas barrier performance of such materials. Subsequently, the latest advancements in traditional gas barrier rubber materials were systematically studied via a comparative analysis of unfilled and filled systems. Finally, the persistent challenges and unresolved issues pertaining to the optimization of barrier properties in rubber materials has been discussed, offering crucial insights for future research directions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 401-413"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148559320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Xiaolu Li, Chuanghui Chen, José Sánchez del Río Sáez, Guoying Wei, De-Yi Wang
{"title":"Composition-engineered graphene oxide-based fire warning research: A systematic review and new insight","authors":"Xiaolu Li, Chuanghui Chen, José Sánchez del Río Sáez, Guoying Wei, De-Yi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2025.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire-warning systems (FWSs) attract increasing attention due to their potential for highly-efficient fire management, which have made some significant progress recently. Graphene oxide (GO) is one of the prime candidates on account of the insulate-to-conductive transformation under high temperature attack, it is precisely the electrical transformation can be captured for serving as a warning response. In this review, polymer-supported composition-engineered GO-based FWSs are reasonably sorted out and comprehensive analyzed, which constitutes a significant segment of FWSs research. Specifically, the evaluation covers the diversity of fabrication methods, variety of composition-engineered GO-based FWSs, the core fire-warning performance, as well as the relevant working mechanisms, <em>etc</em>. Furthermore, given the state-of-the-art in composition-engineered GO-based FWSs, the present challenge and the emerging perspectives are proposed, providing a guidance for tackling the main issues and promising developing direction of the next-generation of composition-engineered GO-based FWSs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 427-447"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148546392","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yaksha Verma, Akshay Verma, Jayati Sharma, Pooja Dhiman, Mu Naushad, Tongtong Wang, Alberto García- Peñas, Gaurav Sharma
{"title":"Green hydrogel as sustainable adsorbents: Bridging biopolymer & environmental remediation","authors":"Yaksha Verma, Akshay Verma, Jayati Sharma, Pooja Dhiman, Mu Naushad, Tongtong Wang, Alberto García- Peñas, Gaurav Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.03.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.aiepr.2026.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To limit increasing amounts of water pollution and to further the Circular Bioeconomy paradigm, there is a need for the development of sustainable and cost-effective adsorbents. Currently, there is much research being conducted on the use of biopolymers-based GHs in treating wastewater, however, most of the literature is focused on their materials properties so that little insight is provided into how the structure of hydrogels relates to their adsorption characteristics, reuse potential and practicality in real-life situations. Therefore, this review provides a critical overview of green hydrogels based on renewable resources and the waste generated during their production, using a structure-property-performance format. This paper will discuss the influence of polymer chemistry, functional group distribution, crosslinking techniques and network architecture on the adsorption capacity, selectivity, mechanical stability and regeneration potential of GHs. The assessment of the removal of the major classes of pollutants has been systematically evaluated in terms of the dominant adsorption mechanisms that could occur. Additionally, the green synthesis approaches are critically analyzed for their sustainability, durability, and scalability. Furthermore, the key limitations have been identified to highlight the gaps between laboratory studies and practical application. By bringing together a comparative analysis of different approaches, the mechanistic basis for adsorption, and application-based challenges, this review provides design principles and directions for future work to rationally develop next-generation, green hydrogel adsorbents for sustainable wastewater remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":7186,"journal":{"name":"Advanced Industrial and Engineering Polymer Research","volume":"9 3","pages":"Pages 553-576"},"PeriodicalIF":18.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148546393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}