Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica最新文献

{"title":"Computed tomography anatomy of the pony thorax and abdomen and an example of a clinical application.","authors":"Péter Tóth, Bence Földes, Emese Bódai, Zsófia Pál, Mátyás Kapiller","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00891-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00891-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>In veterinary medicine, computed tomography (CT) is a valuable diagnostic tool that provides detailed cross-sectional images with higher contrast resolution than conventional radiography. However, owing to the large body-size of horses, CT has been primarily limited in equine veterinary practice to imaging of the head, neck, and extremities, as imaging studies of the thoracic and abdominal cavities are not possible with standard gantry size in medium-to-large horses. In this study, we aimed to characterise the normal thoracic and abdominal anatomy of ponies using CT and to describe an example of the potential clinical applications of abdominal CT. CT examination of two ponies was performed in dorsal recumbency using a helical 16-slice multidetector scanner with a 90 cm-diameter gantry. The normal anatomy of these cavities was described and compared with anatomical cross-sections, and a clinical case involving colic surgery was analysed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Most of the thoracic and abdominal organs in the anatomical section were identifiable, and the use of these images as a reference assisted well in the interpretation of the clinical case scans. The advanced imaging technique aided in surgical planning. In the case involving colic surgery, no evidence of thick-walled intestinal segments was found on CT, but contents including gas, fluid, different types of ingests, and sand were identified preoperatively. Nerves or serous membranes (except for the spinal cord) could not be clearly identified on native CT images.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CT was useful for clinical diagnosis, but the small number of cases included in the study is a limitation that should be acknowledged.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13729400/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149317045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Curcumin extract addition to bull semen does not adversely affect in vitro fertilization.","authors":"Aleksandar Cojkic, Olga Sajecka, Ylva Sjunnesson, Jane M Morrell","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00890-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00890-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Curcumin extract has demonstrated antioxidant and antibacterial properties in bull semen samples at a concentration of 5%. Nevertheless, its impact on fertilization outcomes remains largely unexplored. This study aimed to evaluate if curcumin extract added to bull semen had an effect on in vitro fertilization (IVF) results. Bovine ovaries were collected from an abattoir, cumulus-oocyte complexes (COCs) were aspirated, graded, and randomly assigned to treatment groups before maturation. The COCs were matured for 22 hours and fertilized using semen from one bull with verified fertility. Semen samples were thawed and treated with 5% curcumin extract for 30 minutes at room temperature, and IVF was conducted at a reduced sperm concentration (0.5 × 10⁶/mL) to better assess treatment effects. Cleavage was evaluated, 44 hours post-fertilization, and embryo development was assessed on day 8. Sperm quality parameters were evaluated using Computer-Assisted Sperm Analysis for motility and kinematics, and Flow Cytometry for viability markers, including membrane integrity, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and chromatin integrity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>No statistically significant differences were observed between groups for any IVF outcomes. A trend toward significance was observed for total motility and immotile spermatozoa, with higher motility and lower immotility in the curcumin-treated group compared to controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The results demonstrated that curcumin treatment does not seem to have an effect on in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcomes since no statistically significant differences were observed between the curcumin-treated and control groups in cleavage rate, the proportion of oocytes reaching more than two cells, or blastocyst formation on day 8. These findings indicate that, under the experimental conditions of this study, curcumin does not impair the fertilization capacity of bull sperm.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13721298/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149293900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clonal, regionally clustered spread-rather than vertical transmission-explains surges in fluoroquinolone‑resistant Campylobacter jejuni in Finnish broilers.","authors":"Anniina Jaakkonen, Aava Marte, Päivikki Perko-Mäkelä, Hannele Nauholz, Satu Olkkola, Rauni Kivistö","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00887-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00887-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Campylobacter jejuni is a major zoonotic foodborne pathogen, with poultry recognized as an important reservoir for human infection. Although antimicrobial use in Finnish broiler production is minimal, sporadic increases in fluoroquinolone- and tetracycline-resistant C. jejuni have been detected. We investigated the population structure, antimicrobial resistance, and transmission pathways of C. jejuni in Finnish poultry production.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 333 C. jejuni isolates collected from breeder (n = 145) and broiler (n = 188) flocks during 2014-2019 were characterized using whole-genome sequencing, antimicrobial resistance profiling, multilocus sequence typing (MLST), core-genome MLST (cgMLST), and phylogenomic analysis. Resistance to fluoroquinolones and tetracycline was concentrated in specific years and was strongly associated with particular lineages, especially ST-206 clonal complex (CC), whereas the predominant ST-45 CC was largely susceptible. Genomic clustering identified several resistant clones circulating among geographically proximate broiler farms, indicating regional horizontal dissemination. Resistant isolates from breeders were uncommon, and no genomic evidence supported vertical transmission of resistant strains from breeder to broiler flocks. Instead, resistance peaks were primarily attributable to clonal expansion of successful resistant lineages.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Transient increases in fluoroquinolone- and tetracycline-resistant C. jejuni in Finnish broiler production were driven mainly by regional clonal horizontal spread rather than vertical transmission from breeders to broilers. These findings highlight the value of genomic surveillance for detecting and tracking antimicrobial-resistant Campylobacter lineages and support the integration of molecular epidemiology into poultry surveillance and control programmes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13695289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149242504","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"When good intentions go wrong: medication errors associated with adverse events in veterinary practice.","authors":"Anni Järvinen, Annika Kiiski, Marja Raekallio, Anna-Riia Holmström","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00885-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00885-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Medication safety is a central component of patient safety. Although some studies on medication errors have been conducted in veterinary medicine, data on the prevalence and severity of errors remain scarce. This study investigated veterinary medication errors using Finnish authorative adverse event data about claimed medical malpractice. The study comprised a retrospective quantitative document analysis of 256 claims cases reviewed by the Assessment Board for Damages in Veterinary Practice between 2014 and 2023.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 87 cases met the inclusion criteria, in which 148 medication errors were identified. Medication errors occurred most frequently in dogs (n = 57/148, 65.5%) and horses (n = 12/148, 13.8%). The most common error type was omission of medication administration (n = 25/148, 16.9%). Fatal outcomes occurred in 21.8% of cases (n = 19/87), and an equal proportion (n = 19/87, 21.8%) involved severe adverse events resulting in injury or other life-threatening conditions. In total, 223 medications were involved, most commonly systemic antibacterials (n = 33/223, 14.8%), anti-inflammatory medications (n = 32/223, 14.3%), and anesthetics (n = 19/223, 8.5%). The oral route of administration was most frequent (n = 73/223, 32.7%). Most medication errors occurred during the decision-making phase (n = 85/148, 57.4%), and errors occurred most commonly in veterinary clinics and animal hospitals.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Targeted measures to strengthen the decision‑making phase of veterinary medication process are warranted. The most frequent medication groups associated with errors were NSAIDs, systemic antibacterial agents, and sedative and anesthetic medications. Further research is needed to better identify and prevent medication errors and to support the development of effective risk management strategies in veterinary medicine.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13653378/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of warming regimen on canine epididymal spermatozoa following vitrification using a coconut water extender supplemented with egg yolk.","authors":"Boyana Ivanova, Radka Garnoeva, Rumen Roydev, Anton Antonov","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00886-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00886-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Preservation of canine genetic material through epididymal sperm recovery and vitrification has gained increasing importance in breeding programs and germplasm conservation. The warming procedure represents a critical step affecting post-vitrification sperm survival and functionality. This study evaluated the effect of two warming temperatures on the quality of vitrified canine epididymal spermatozoa.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Epididymal spermatozoa were collected from twelve clinically healthy dogs undergoing routine orchiectomy. Samples were vitrified using a coconut water-based extender supplemented with egg yolk and subsequently warmed at either 37 °C or 42 °C for 2 min. Sperm quality was evaluated before vitrification and after warming by assessment of motility, viability, morphology, and kinematic parameters using computer-assisted sperm analysis (CASA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Vitrification significantly reduced sperm quality compared with fresh samples. However, warming at 37 °C resulted in significantly higher total motility, viability, and percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa compared with warming at 42 °C. Several kinematic parameters were also better preserved following warming at 37 °C.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The warming protocol significantly influences post-vitrification quality of canine epididymal spermatozoa. Warming at 37 °C for 2 min provided superior preservation of sperm function compared with warming at 42 °C and may represent a practical approach for canine germplasm banking and assisted reproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13651158/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149147462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological, genetic and inflammatory factors influencing somatic cell count in goat milk: a review.","authors":"Jovita Einorytė, Giedrius Palubinskas, Birutė Šlyžienė, Renata Baltaduonytė, Evaldas Šlyžius","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00880-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s13028-026-00880-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Somatic cell count (SCC) is widely used as an indicator of milk quality and udder health in ruminants; however, its interpretation in goats remains complex due to species-specific physiology and multifactorial variability. A key challenge in goat dairy production is distinguishing physiological from pathological SCC elevation. This critical narrative review synthesizes current knowledge on physiological, genetic, environmental, and inflammatory determinants of SCC in goat milk and evaluates their implications for milk quality and udder health assessment. The evidence indicates that SCC in goats is inherently elevated due to the apocrine milk secretion mechanism and is further influenced by factors such as lactation stage, parity, environmental conditions, and management practices. Genetic effects are moderate and context-dependent, while intramammary infection remains the primary pathological driver of SCC increase. These findings demonstrate that SCC cannot be reliably interpreted using fixed threshold values. Instead, its diagnostic value depends on context-dependent evaluation. Based on the reviewed evidence, an integrated framework for SCC interpretation is proposed, enabling differentiation between physiological and pathological SCC elevation. This approach supports more accurate diagnostic decision-making and improved milk quality management in goat production systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13632073/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149102806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reindeer health and supplementary feeding practices - a survey among herders in Norway and Sweden.","authors":"Stine Bull-Aurbakken, Ester Malmström, Jerome Baron, Javier Sánchez Romano, Karin Wallin Philippot, Heidi Rautiainen, Anna Omazic, Ingebjørg Helena Nymo, Morten Tryland","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00868-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00868-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The well-being, health and nutrition of reindeer (Rangifer tarandus tarandus) and the practice of reindeer husbandry in Fennoscandia are strongly affected by climate change and the loss and fragmentation of pastures. Supplementary feeding has become increasingly common to cope with limited pasture availability, especially to avoid starvation during winters with ice-locked pastures and challenging snow conditions. Increased reliance on feeding shifts traditional reindeer husbandry towards a more farm-like system and raises concerns about changes in reindeer foraging behaviour, increased stress and disease transmission. In this study, a questionnaire was conducted among reindeer herders in Norway and Sweden, to review the extent of supplementary feeding and to explore links between feeding strategies and observations of disease in reindeer. The study also evaluated factors affecting access to and use of veterinary services.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 76 respondents, 33 from Norway and 43 from Sweden, participated. Most (87%) had applied supplementary feeding between 2015 and 2021, mainly on free-range pasture, although we observed a non-significant increasing trend in feeding in enclosures during this period. Detailed analysis of the challenging winter of 2019-2020 showed that it was most common to feed a combination of roughage (hay or silage) and pellets, and feeding typically lasted longer than one month. The most frequently reported health issues included parasites, diarrhoea, abortion, and wet belly. Reports of diarrhoea, wet belly, and necrobacillosis were significantly more common in Sweden than in Norway. Multiple correspondence analysis and hierarchical clustering analysis demonstrated an association between feeding in enclosures and diarrhoea. Veterinary services were used by 34% of the respondents for necropsies and 55% for clinical disease management, although many noted barriers such as cost and limited veterinary knowledge and expertise in reindeer health.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Supplementary feeding is widespread in reindeer husbandry in Norway and Sweden. Feeding in enclosures was associated with a higher incidence of diarrhoea. Continued competence building for good management decisions and veterinary services is essential for sustainable reindeer husbandry. An integrated One Health approach is key for the promotion of reindeer health and welfare and in preparedness for transmissible diseases among reindeer, domestic livestock and wildlife.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595754/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ligation of the canine mesovarium with a resorbable self-locking device: a multicentre study.","authors":"Livia de Paula Coelho, Matheus Roberto da Mota Costa, Renato Moran Ramos, Andre Lacerda de Abreu Oliveira, Bruno Watanabe Minto, Guilherme Galhardo Franco, Julianna Thuroczy, Rogério Luizari Guedes, Peterson Triches Dornbusch, Odd Viking Höglund","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00884-3","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00884-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Haemorrhage from the ovarian pedicle is a known complication at removal of ovaries in dogs. A resorbable self-locking device designed for surgical ligation was previously developed, aimed to keep the advantage of a self-locking loop at ligation and avoid the chronic tissue reactions of non-resorbable materials. The primary aim of the study was to continue to evaluate the feasibility and clinical performance of the device for ligation of the canine mesovarium in a prospective multicentre controlled study. Secondary aims were to compare perioperative complications, ligation time, and duration of surgery between the device and a traditional double ligature technique.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 72 intact female dogs destined for elective ovariohysterectomy were included in the study. The device was tested in 36 dogs across four centres, and 36 dogs were used as controls. Across all centres, body weights of device and control groups were 14.5 ± 1.0 kg and 14.9 ± 1.3 kg, respectively. The device group was 2.5 ± 0.3 years old and controls were 3.6 ± 0.4 years old. Estimating mean times from the linear mixed models gave ligation times for device and control groups of 4.4 ± 1.3 minutes and 4.5 ± 0.4 minutes, respectively. Duration of surgery for device and control groups were 21.3 ± 4.0 minutes and 16.7 ± 0.7 minutes, respectively. Both surgery and ligation times showed a significant centre-specific treatment effect. Two cases of intraoperative bleeding from the ovarian pedicles were observed in the control group. No postoperative complications were observed and all dogs recovered uneventfully.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The device could be used for compression of tissue of the ovarian pedicle, provided haemostasis and adequate support of tissue throughout the healing period. Time for double ligation and duration of surgery did not differ between groups. Centres with previous experience of using the device recorded shorter ligation times and duration of surgery, which suggests a learning curve.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613791/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149036028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feline cutaneous histoplasmosis in a non-endemic region: diagnostic challenges and molecular confirmation of Histoplasma capsulatum in Latvia.","authors":"Inese Berzina, Madara Nikolajenko, Ilze Matise-VanHoutana, Viktorija Ulanova, Agnija Kivrāne, Renāte Ranka","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00883-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00883-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Feline histoplasmosis can have variable clinical presentations, it is rarely diagnosed in Europe and has not been diagnosed in Northern Europe and Baltics. We encountered a cluster of autochthonous cases of feline histoplasmosis in Latvia-a non-endemic region. In this paper we describe the diagnostic pathways, challenges and outcomes in three cats. We also report the first molecular confirmation of Histoplasma capsulatum in the Baltic region. Three domestic shorthaired cats presented with ulcerative or erosive skin lesions and were initially evaluated by cytology. Diagnostic follow-up included histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), serology and in one case a polymerase chain reaction (PCR), with DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. We outlined several practical challenges of performing fungal diagnostics in Europe, these can be valuable to our colleagues.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All three cases showed organisms consistent with Histoplasma species on cytological examination. Case 1: a feline immunodeficiency virus positive shelter cat with multiple ulcerative cutaneous lesions. Histopathology and IHC confirmed fungal infection suggestive of Histoplasma species. The cat was lost to follow-up. Case 2: A 3-year-old male cat with a single erosive facial lesion. The cat fully recovered with antifungal treatment. Case 3: A 6-year-old neutered male with multiple erosive skin lesions. The cat was humanely euthanized. Diagnosis was supported by cytology while results of histopathology and IHC were suggestive of Histoplasma species. Serology (urine and serum) were positive for H. capsulatum antigen and the diagnosis was confirmed by PCR. Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of the isolate provided the first molecular confirmation of feline histoplasmosis in the Baltic region.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We report the occurrence of clustered autochthonous feline histoplasmosis in Latvia and expand the recognized geographic range of molecularly confirmed disease in Europe. Our cases show the advantages of cytology as an initial diagnostic tool and highlight the utility of serology and molecular methods in regions with limited access to well-established diagnostic methods for non-endemic fungal diseases. Our findings suggest that histoplasmosis may be underdiagnosed in non-endemic areas and reinforce the need for heightened clinical awareness among veterinarians across Europe.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13563786/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148928673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preliminary in vitro effects of trehalose, pentoxifylline and MitoTEMPO on post-thaw quality of ram semen.","authors":"Caner Öztürk, Mustafa Bodu, Ali Erdem Öztürk, Mustafa Numan Bucak, Neşe Hayat Aksoy, Ramazan Arslan, Mehmet Bozkurt Ataman","doi":"10.1186/s13028-026-00882-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13028-026-00882-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ram semen cryopreservation is associated with reduced post-thaw sperm quality, partly due to membrane destabilization and oxidative stress. This preliminary in vitro study compared trehalose, low-dose pentoxifylline, and MitoTEMPO, used individually or in combination, as additives for ram semen cryopreservation. Semen collected from six healthy Merino rams during the breeding season was pooled on each collection day and divided into eight treatment groups: control, trehalose (50 mM), pentoxifylline (0.25 or 0.5 µM), MitoTEMPO (0.025 or 0.05 mM), and two MitoTEMPO plus pentoxifylline combinations. This procedure produced eight pooled ejaculates per treatment group. After freezing and thawing, sperm motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, capacitation status, total antioxidant capacity, and total oxidant status were evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Trehalose and pentoxifylline at 0.5 µM significantly improved several post-thaw sperm quality traits. Compared with the control group, trehalose significantly increased post-thaw motility from 31.25 ± 4.43% to 42.50 ± 5.35%, plasma membrane integrity from 53.78 ± 2.47% to 65.29 ± 4.14%, and acrosome integrity from 54.66 ± 4.41% to 69.69 ± 1.48% (P < 0.05). Pentoxifylline at 0.5 µM also resulted in higher motility (40.63 ± 4.96%), plasma membrane integrity (64.24 ± 2.09%), and acrosome integrity (64.56 ± 2.69%) than the control group (P < 0.05). The overall treatment effect was significant for total oxidant status (P = 0.037) and total antioxidant capacity (P < 0.001). However, Sidak-adjusted pairwise comparisons did not identify significant differences between individual treatment groups for total oxidant status. MitoTEMPO alone did not significantly improve the main post-thaw sperm quality traits compared with the control group, and the MitoTEMPO plus pentoxifylline combinations did not provide a significant additional benefit. Capacitation status did not differ significantly among groups (P = 0.178).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Trehalose and pentoxifylline at 0.5 µM improved several in vitro post-thaw sperm quality traits and total antioxidant capacity of cryopreserved ram semen. Because the study used pooled ejaculates and did not include fertility trials, these findings should be interpreted as preliminary and require confirmation using individual ejaculates, objective sperm motion analysis, and fertility outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":7181,"journal":{"name":"Acta Veterinaria Scandinavica","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13613807/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149035638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}