Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences最新文献_第10页

Comparative toxicity of fipronil, malathion, and thiamethoxam on the stingless bee Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Schwarz, 1938) 氟虫腈、马拉硫磷和噻虫嗪对无刺蜜蜂的毒性比较(Schwarz, 1938)

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.57846

Ana Lúcia Paz Barateiro Stuchi, D. R. Moreira, Douglas Galhardo, S. A. Santos, L. Ronqui, L. B. Cantagalli, D. Lopes, A. A. Sinópolis-Gigliolli, Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo, M. Ruvolo-Takasusuki

{"title":"Comparative toxicity of fipronil, malathion, and thiamethoxam on the stingless bee Tetragonisca fiebrigi (Schwarz, 1938)","authors":"Ana Lúcia Paz Barateiro Stuchi, D. R. Moreira, Douglas Galhardo, S. A. Santos, L. Ronqui, L. B. Cantagalli, D. Lopes, A. A. Sinópolis-Gigliolli, Vagner de Alencar Arnaut de Toledo, M. Ruvolo-Takasusuki","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.57846","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.57846","url":null,"abstract":"Stingless bees are important pollinators for various plant crops. We investigated the susceptibility of Tetragonisca fiebrigi to sublethal concentrations of insecticides fipronil, malathion, and thiamethoxam (administered through contact and ingestion) by determining the LC50 values after 24 hours of exposure and analyzing changes in the activity of esterase isoenzymes and the chromatin in brain cells. The LC50 values showed that all three insecticides were highly toxic through contact and ingestion. Electrophoretic analysis revealed that the relative EST-4 (carboxylesterase) activity in T. fiebrigi was partially inhibited by malathion and fipronil ingestion. Moreover, the EST-4 band intensity was increased following high-concentration thiamethoxam (contact) exposure, indicating the increased relative activity of this isoenzyme to detoxify the compound. In the cytochemical analysis of brain cells, the critical electrolyte concentration (CEC) points for the control stingless bees and malathion ingestion-exposed and thiamethoxam-exposed (contact and ingestion) stingless bees were in the range of 0.20-0.30 M MgCl2, whereas that for malathion contact-exposed bees was 0.15 M MgCl2, indicating chromatin relaxation and suggesting an increase in gene expression. In conclusion, T. fiebrigi stingless bees are susceptible to the insecticides tested, and the parameters analyzed may be used as biomarkers to detect the presence of these compounds.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78728019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Can mulch be effective in controlling exotic grasses and promoting natural regeneration in ecological restoration? 在生态恢复中，地膜是否能有效控制外来杂草，促进自然更新?

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-05-13 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58456

B. S. Francisco, F. B. Dutra, E. Viveiros, L. S. Almeida, Matheus Fontes Souza, P. C. Souza Filho, J. M. S. Silva, F. Piña-Rodrigues

{"title":"Can mulch be effective in controlling exotic grasses and promoting natural regeneration in ecological restoration?","authors":"B. S. Francisco, F. B. Dutra, E. Viveiros, L. S. Almeida, Matheus Fontes Souza, P. C. Souza Filho, J. M. S. Silva, F. Piña-Rodrigues","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58456","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58456","url":null,"abstract":"Mulching use in agriculture has been known since 1802 as the practice of spreading dry leaves and straw on the soil to prevent erosion and water loss. Our study evaluated the mulch effectiveness in the establishment of regenerating seedlings and its contribution to the control of exotic grasses. The studies were carried out in an ecological restoration area in the municipality of Itapira-SP. The treatment with mulching consisted in chemical desiccation with glyphosate herbicide application, keeping the dry grass on the ground. In the control treatment, after chemical weeding, the grass was removed with manual mowing, exposing the soil. Eight months after implantation, we sampled all regenerating seedlings in 100 plots of 50 x 50 cm in each treatment. We considered as seedlings all individuals of tree species less than 100 cm tall. We calculated richness, abundance, similarity, and the relationship of the frequency of seedlings to the height of the mulch. We sampled eight species with 42 seedlings, with only one not identified. The highest abundance and species richness were found in the treatment with mulch (n = 34 individuals; eight species), the most abundant being Schinus terebinthifolia Raddi (14 individuals) followed by Solanum mauritianum Scop. (11 individuals), and Platypodium elegans Vog. (three individuals). The presence of exotic grasses was lower in the plots of the mulching (13%) compared to the control treatment (67%). The highest frequency of seedlings was obtained with mulch height from 21 to 37 cm. We suggest that adaptive management practices, such as the use of the mulching technique, can be implemented in ecological restoration areas, because they favor the natural regeneration of native seedlings and can contribute to the control of exotic grasses, but the height of the layer must be controlled.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88134274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abscisic acid and in vitro conservation of Manihot wild species 马尼霍特野生种脱落酸与离体保护

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59549

Jucieny Ferreira de Sá, Denise dos Santos Vila Verde, Marcus Dhilermando Hora de Souza, Jorge Eduardo dos Santos Melo, K. Santos, Antônio da Silva Souza, A. Alves, C. Ledo

{"title":"Abscisic acid and in vitro conservation of Manihot wild species","authors":"Jucieny Ferreira de Sá, Denise dos Santos Vila Verde, Marcus Dhilermando Hora de Souza, Jorge Eduardo dos Santos Melo, K. Santos, Antônio da Silva Souza, A. Alves, C. Ledo","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59549","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59549","url":null,"abstract":"Abscisic acid (ABA) is associated with bud dormancy, leaf abscission, and germplasm growth inhibition in in vitro conservation. We evaluated the effects of ABA in four wild Manihot accessions and one cassava accession (M. esculenta Crantz) to refine in vitro conservation methods for these species. The experiment was performed at the Laboratory for Tissue Culture from Embrapa, Cruz das Almas, Bahia State, Brazil. The statistical design was completely random in a 5 × 5 factorial scheme [(5 ABA dosages (0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, and 1 mg L-1) and 5 Manihot species (M. pseudoglaziovii, M. tristis, M. flabellifolia, M. chlorosticta, and M. esculenta)], with 15 replicates. Mini-cuttings of 1 cm were used, each inoculated in 10 mL of modified Murashige and Skoog medium, solidified with Phytagel® (2.4 g L-1) containing the respective ABA dosages. Tubes containing these mini-cuttings were placed in a germplasm conservation room with an irradiance of 30 µmol m-2 s-1, temperature of 22 ± 1°C, and photoperiod of 12 hours. Plant height (cm), the number of living and senescent leaves, shoots, and mini-cuttings (1 cm), and fresh and dry weights of shoots and roots (mg) were evaluated after 150 days. Growth reduction was prominent in M. pseudoglaziovii, M. tristis, and M. flabellifolia during the in vitro conservation period. In the present study, the addition of ABA did not promote the expected reduction in plant growth","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"103 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87444867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Ex situ conservation of the endangered “sempre-viva” species Comanthera mucugensis 濒危“半活体”物种麻麻的迁地保护

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59754

Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos Lima, Alone Lima-Brito, G. B. Fernandes, J. Santana

{"title":"Ex situ conservation of the endangered “sempre-viva” species Comanthera mucugensis","authors":"Andressa Priscila Piancó Santos Lima, Alone Lima-Brito, G. B. Fernandes, J. Santana","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59754","url":null,"abstract":"The “sempre-viva” species Comanthera mucugensis is endemic to the municipality of Mucugê, Bahia, Brazil, where it was widely exploited through extractivism to be commercialized as an ornamental, causing a drastic reduction of its population, so that it is now classified as endangered. Although its main area of occurrence is now protected for being within Chapada Diamantina National Park, the continued risks of inclement conditions and anthropic actions make it necessary to develop alternative methods for ex situ conservation of the species, such as in vitro conservation. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test the effect of different concentrations of salts and sucrose on the in vitro conservation of Comanthera mucugensis. Two salts concentrations of the medium MS (½ and ¼) and two sucrose levels (7.5 and 15.0 g L-1) were tested, and the experimental design was completely randomized with four treatments. After 365 days, the survival, growth and regeneration of the conserved plants were analyzed, achieving up to 100% survival, reduced shoot growth and maintenance of regenerative capacity. Reduction of the concentration of salts and sucrose in the culture medium is indicated to conserve the plants in vitro for a period of one year.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83686352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Canibalism in the larval instars of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae): temperature and food quantity [J. E. Smith, 1797](鳞翅目:夜蛾科)幼虫的同类相食:温度和食用量。

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59401

L. Machado, Hugo José Gonçalves dos Santos Júnior, C. E. C. Paiva, Beatriz Almeida dos Santos, Laura Vaillant Ribeiro Mauri, Julianne Almeida Rodrigues, Carolina de Oliveira Soares, H. B. Zago

引用次数: 1

Germination and initial development in vitro, and acclimatization of Oeceoclades maculata (Orchidaceae), aiming at its reintroduction in natural environments 以兰科植物maculata (Oeceoclades maculata)为研究对象的萌发、离体发育及驯化研究

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59497

Joyce Cavalcante Viana, Paulo Rogério Alves Cerqueira, Laís Ramos Alves, Francisca das Chagas Leandro Arrais, R. M. Suzuki, W. D. M. Ferreira

{"title":"Germination and initial development in vitro, and acclimatization of Oeceoclades maculata (Orchidaceae), aiming at its reintroduction in natural environments","authors":"Joyce Cavalcante Viana, Paulo Rogério Alves Cerqueira, Laís Ramos Alves, Francisca das Chagas Leandro Arrais, R. M. Suzuki, W. D. M. Ferreira","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59497","url":null,"abstract":"Oeceoclades maculata is a terrestrial orchid species that has potential for commercial purposes. Taking that into consideration, the present investigation aimed at studying its germination and initial development in vitro as well as its acclimatization. The influence of Murashige and Skoog (MS), Knudson C (KC), and Vacin and Went (VW) media in the presence and absence of 0.3% activated charcoal on in vitro germination and protocorm development were investigated. The effects of different concentrations of BA in combination with 0.5 mg L-1 NAA on seedling multiplication and growth were evaluated. The possibility of using dark-grown stem segments for micropropagation and acclimatization under laboratory and field conditions was also assessed. The results indicated that the most adequate media for germination were full-strength MS enriched with activated charcoal or KC supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 BA in combination with 0.5 mg L-1 NAA. In terms of protocorm development, KC supplemented with 1.5 mg L-1 BA alone or in combination with 0.5 mg L-1 NAA provided the best results. The addition of 1.5 mg L-1 BA in combination with 0.5 mg L-1 NAA to KC medium favored the best results for seedling multiplication and development. The use of dark-grown stem segments is a viable alternative for the micropropagation of O. maculata. Regarding acclimatization, 100% survival of plants was observed during the initial phases and under field conditions average survival was 53.33%.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89665308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficiency of oviposition traps with biolarvicides for monitoring Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus (Diptera, Culicidae), northeast Brazil 巴西东北部诱卵器对埃及伊蚊和白纹伊蚊(双翅目，库蚊科)监测的效果

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59231

M. Oliveira, Joelma Soares da Silva, J. L. Viana, W. Tadei, V. C. Pinheiro

引用次数: 0

Endoparasites of Hypostomus commersoni (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from two shallow lagoons, Argentina 阿根廷两个浅水泻湖中商业下口蝇的内寄生虫

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-16 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59554

L. Rossi, S. Chemes

{"title":"Endoparasites of Hypostomus commersoni (Siluriformes, Loricariidae) from two shallow lagoons, Argentina","authors":"L. Rossi, S. Chemes","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.59554","url":null,"abstract":"Hypostomus commersoni is a freshwater fish, native to the Paraná River basin, which plays an important role in trophic networks of this system. This study aimed at analyzing the structure of the endohelminth community of H. commersoni from two shallow lagoons in the municipality of Santa Fe, Argentina. In the 51 hosts analyzed, 2103 helminths were found. Hosts from Belgrano Park lagoon were infested with Genarchella genarchella, Saccocoelioides nanii, Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) sp., and Gorytocephalus elongorchi. Hosts from the Western Urban Nature Reserve lagoon were infested with Thometrema magnifica, Procamallanus (Procamallanus) annipetterae, Raphidascaris (Sprentascaris) sp., Gorytocephalus elongorchi, and Proteocephalidae spp. In both host populations, the prevalence of some parasites was high, and species richness and diversity of component communities were low. The distribution pattern of helminth was aggregated in all cases. No correlation was found between the length of the host and the richness and abundance of endoparasites. The total number of parasites and the specific richness per host in both lagoons did not differ significantly. The findings on G. genarchella, P. (P.) annipetterae, G. elongorchi, and Proteocephalidae spp. were the first records in his host","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84444326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Exopolysaccharyde production by Cryptococcus laurentii SD7 using molasses and corn steep liquor as substrates laurentii隐球菌SD7以糖蜜和玉米浆为底物生产胞外多糖

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58543

Adriele do Amor Divino Silva, J. Oliveira, M. L. Cazetta

{"title":"Exopolysaccharyde production by Cryptococcus laurentii SD7 using molasses and corn steep liquor as substrates","authors":"Adriele do Amor Divino Silva, J. Oliveira, M. L. Cazetta","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.58543","url":null,"abstract":"Microbial polysaccharides are of great biotechnological and commercial interest and have wide application in the food, cosmetic and medicine industries. Exopolysaccharide (EPS) production by the yeast Cryptococcus laurentii SD7, isolated from fresh water molluscs, was studied using agro-industrial byproducts as substrates in the submerged fermentation. The Central Composite Design (CCD) 23 was used to study the influence of pH, different concentrations on sugarcane molasses and corn steep liquor (CSL), for 48 hours. According to the results, the highest EPS production occurred at the initial pH 5 and at 8.4% concentration of sugarcane molasses, which were statistically significant variable at 10% (p < 0.1). The concentration of CSL had no influence in the studied range, thus, it can be used lowest concentration (0.3%). The time course of EPS production showed that while cell growth peaked within 48 hours, the highest EPS production (6.61 g L-1) occurred at 168 hours, with a productivity of about 0.04 g L-1 h-1. The pH of the medium remained approximately constant throughout the fermentation process. The yeast C. laurentii SD7 showed great potential for EPS production at a low cost and with sustainable substrates.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"55 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79847176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Seasonal occurrence and variation of ectoparasites in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Federal District, Brazil 巴西联邦区尼罗罗非鱼(Oreochromis niloticus)体表寄生虫的季节发生及变化

Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences Pub Date : 2022-03-15 DOI: 10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.56963

Marcela Tosta Ribeiro, Bruna Maria da Silva Caldas, G. C. Rocha, Â. P. Santana, R. D. Navarro

{"title":"Seasonal occurrence and variation of ectoparasites in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in the Federal District, Brazil","authors":"Marcela Tosta Ribeiro, Bruna Maria da Silva Caldas, G. C. Rocha, Â. P. Santana, R. D. Navarro","doi":"10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.56963","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4025/actascibiolsci.v44i1.56963","url":null,"abstract":"The present study assesses the diversity and seasonal variation of parasites in Oreochromis niloticus (Nile tilapia) cultivated in excavated tanks in the Federal District, Brazil. A total of 120 specimens of O. niloticus were collected in 12 monthly collections. Water quality parameters were checked at all tanks. The animals, sacrificed by immersion into anesthetic solution, had the gills scraped, in which the mucus was analyzed under an optical microscope. Parasitological examination showed Trichodina sp., Epistylis sp., Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, and Monogenea helminths in the fish gills. We found statistically significant differences between Monogenea parasites collected in the fall and winter and between I. multifiliis protozoans collected in fall-winter and winter-summer periods. Except for Epistylis sp., all parasites showed abundance peaks in O. niloticus specimens collected during the winter, which may characterize the seasonality of these parasites in the Federal District region. Monogenea helminths were the most prevalent among the parasites found, with the highest prevalence during the fall. The mean abundance of parasites was similar between the fall and winter. However, the abundance of monogenetic trematodes was higher between the winter and summer. I. multifiliis showed significant variation between fall-winter and winter-summer periods.","PeriodicalId":7166,"journal":{"name":"Acta Scientiarum. Biological Sciences","volume":"32 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81251547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0