Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis最新文献

{"title":"Required personal protective equipment for prehospital healthcare provider in COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review","authors":"Karim Javanmardi, A. Dadashzadeh, Javad Dehghannezhad, Simin Sattarpour, N. Gilani, E. Kakemam","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-37560","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-37560","url":null,"abstract":"Aims. Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease, and a variety of personal protective equipment (PPE) has been recommended as preventive measures for prehospital emergency personnel, which has led to considerable challenges and a great confusion for the personnel. This review aims to identify different types of PPE required in the care of COVID-19 patients in prehospital emergency system. Material and methods. This study was carried out by searching through databases including: Pubmed, Proqust, Google Scholar, and Cinahl. All articles that recommended different types of PPE against COVID-19 and infectious diseases for prehospital emergency personnel were collected in a table. Results. After carrying out the initial search in the databases, 1,009 studies were obtained and then 16 articles were selected. The findings seem to suggest using equipment including: gloves, face shields (shield/goggles), protective clothes (medical jumpsuit/scrubs), surgical masks, N-95 masks, powered air purifying respirators (PAPR), hair covers, shoe covers and washing up the hands by the emergency medical service (EMS) personnel. Discussion. The scrutiny of the relevant studies showed that each of them advised the EMS personnel to use a number of PPE. The present study highlighted the fact that there are other components of the PPE which can be useful to them. Conclusion. This study identified the most appropriate PPE needed for prehospital emergency personnel against COVID-19, and it is believed that planning for adequate access to this equipment and training on how to use them can significantly help to reduce the infection among the personnel.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fetal acrania: A case report","authors":"V. Bartoš, Oľga Káčeríková","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-36356","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-36356","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Acrania is a very rare lethal congenital malformation characterized by an absence of the cranial vault with developed cerebral hemispheres. It is sometimes confused with anencephaly in which both the forebrain and neurocranium are not developed. Although these two conditions principally differ in their morphology and pathogenesis, acrania may be a precursor of the development of anencephaly through the process known as Acrania-exencephaly-anencephaly sequence. Case report. A 27-year-old woman was diagnosed to have a viable fetus with an absent skull vault and uncovered brain directly exposed to amniotic cavity. A diagnosis of acrania was made. A medical abortion was performed in the 14th week of pregnancy. A gross examination of the formalin-fixed fetus revealed a complete absence of the calva and brain tissue. The cranial structures stop abruptly above the orbits and the fetus showed a triangular face with bulging eyes. At the top of the head, a huge defect with a residual thin covering membrane was visible. According to the gross morphology and in correlation with previous ultrasound findings, the pathologist established the diagnosis of secondary anencephaly. Conclusion. This paper suggests that many of the reported anencephaly cases that are diagnosed during the second or third trimester of pregnancy might represent the end of a spectrum that initially appears as isolated acrania. This may be the reason for much higher global incidence of anencephaly compared to acrania.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro antimicrobial activity of different Verbascum niveum extracts","authors":"Maja Grigorov, D. Pavlović, S. Mladenović-Antić, M. Tasić-Kostov, Dusan S Ilic","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-40582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-40582","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Medicinal plants are the main ingredient of numerous medicines and pharmaceutical products, and antimicrobial activity has been demonstrated in a large number of medicinal plant extracts and essential oils. Considering that Verbascum L. species (mullein), officially approved by the European Medicines Agency, show antimicrobial properties, but also that there are species of this genus that have not been sufficiently studied, the aim of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of six different extracts of Verbascum niveum Ten. Material and methods. Antimicrobial bioassays were performed with one fungus (Candida albicans) and four bacterial strains (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) by broth microdilution method according to the recommendations of the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. The results were expressed as the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of an extract (mg/ml) that prevents the visible growth of bacteria/fungi. Results. The MIC values ranged from 0.39 to 1.25 mg/ml. The strongest effect was obtained with the ethanolic extract of leaves against Staphylococcus aureus (0.39 mg/ml). Conclusion. Although Verbascum species are considered to be an excellent antimicrobial agent, according to our result, the tested extracts had modest antimicrobial activity.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Antimicrobial activity evaluation of black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) variety Čačanska crna juice and extract","authors":"Milica Trajković, D. Kitić, T. Mihajilov-Krstev, K. Šavikin, Milica Ranđelović, Milica Milutinović, S. Branković, Nemanja Kitić, Bojana Miladinović","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-41954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-41954","url":null,"abstract":"Aim. This study aimed to evaluate and quantify the antimicrobial activity of lyophilized fruit juice (BCLJ) and waste extract (BCLW) obtained from the black currant (Ribes nigrum L.) variety Čačanska crna. Materials and method. The study was conducted using four Gram (+) (Bacillus cereus, Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis) and five Gram (-) bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella enteritidis, Proteus mirabilis, Enterobacter aerogenes) as well as one yeast (Candida albicans). Cyanidin-3-O-glucoside, delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and delphinidin-3-Oglucoside present in black currant were used as standards, so the second aim was to determine their influence on the total antimicrobial activity. Results. The tested samples showed moderate antimicrobial activity. The inhibitory effect of BCLJ was shown on all Gram (+) bacteria (B. cereus, E. faecalis, S. aureus), apart from L. monocytogenes, for which the extracts were not effective. It was noted that BCLJ did not suppress the growth of Gram (-) bacteria. Black currant waste extract on the other hand was shown to be efficient on Gram (+) as well as on Gram (-) bacteria. The results of minimum inhibitory concentrations MIC (MFC) of BCLJ and BCLW were 100 mg/mL and MBC was higher than 100 mg. The MIC/MBC (MFC) of standards were 0.13 - 0.5 mg/mL. Conclusion. Results indicate that these black currant lyophilizates might be potentially used as antimicrobial agents.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of educational compilation through video tutorials and visual AIDS on the quality of bowel preparation in patients undergoing colonoscopy","authors":"Jahanbakhsh Amirarsalani, Leyla Alilu, Masoumeh Hemmati-Maslakpak, Javad Rasouli","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-32820","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-32820","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Aims. High-quality bowel preparation is a prerequisite for colonoscopy. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of educational compilation through educational videos and visual cards on the quality of bowel preparation in colonoscopy. Materials and methods. The present study was carried out in Imam Khomeini Hospital in Urmia, Iran, 2018. In this experimental study, 180 colonoscopy candidate outpatients, who were eligible to participate in the study, were selected. Next, the participants were randomly assigned to an intervention group (n = 90) and a control group (n = 90). The data collection tools included a demographic questionnaire and Boston Bowel Preparation Scale. Before the colonoscopy, the intervention group was provided with the educational videos and visual cards. However, the control group received the usual education. After collecting the data, they were statistically analyzed using SPSS software version 16. The researcher used Chi-square, independent t-test, and logistic regression tests to analyze the data. Results. The bowel preparation score in the intervention group (8.46±0.90) was higher than the bowel preparation score in the control group (4.34 ± 2.09) (t178 = -17.10, p < 0.001). Multivariate analysis controlled the effect of demographic variables and showed that the intervention significantly increased the quality of bowel preparation in the intervention group (odds ratio 141.70, p < 0.001). Conclusion. Education compilation through educational videos and visual cards was effective in increasing the quality of bowel preparation in the case of patients who received colonoscopy. Therefore, it is recommended that this kind of education be used during invasive diagnostic and treatment methods such as colonoscopy.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dominant symptomatology and clinically significant endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia","authors":"Marija Marković, Mladen Maksić, Jelena Živić, Nebojša Igrutinović, Željko Todorović, Nataša Zdravković","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-39533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-39533","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The role of esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGDS) is reflected in the evaluation of various symptoms and signs of numerous organic disorders such as ulcer disease, reflux disease, diverticula, achalasia and tumors of the upper gastrointestinal tract, but also in the exclusion of the same conditions in patients, the basis of which is a functional disorder. Functional diseases of the digestive system are a great challenge in everyday clinical work. Aim. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of functional dyspepsia in relation to the organic one by sex and age as well as the frequency of Helicobacter pylori infection (HBP) in patients with dyspepsia, performing upper endoscopy as the gold standard in differential diagnosis. Methods. The study analyzed 5,200 patients over a four-year period. All patients underwent upper endoscopy with dyspeptic disorders and all subjects underwent the biopsy of the gastric mucosa and pathohistological verification. Results. The frequency of dyspeptic disorders was higher in women than in men, with the average age being 43 years. The most common complaints were epigastric pain and postprandial fullness. Endoscopic findings were positive in 55% of patients, predominantly over 55 years of age, with no statistical difference between the HBP status. The most common changes were reflux esophagitis, gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcer. Conclusion. Our study showed a high rate of positive endoscopic findings in patients with dyspepsia according to the criteria of Rome IV. Gastroscopy has significant implications in patients with dyspepsia.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135612307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of the possibility of bone replacement for the purpose of pre-prosthetic preparation of the patient","authors":"M. Igić, M. Kostić, A. Pejčić, N. Gligorijević, M. Jovanovic, Nenad Stošić","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-37511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-37511","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The loss of the jaw bone, especially in the area of the alveolar process, can significantly complicate the procedure of prosthetic rehabilitation of prosthetic patients. The reason for the loss of the jaw bones are physiological and pathological processes. Materials. Bone replacements are widely used in the reconstruction of bone defects. The optimal characteristics of these materials are biocompatibility, bioinertness, biofunctionality and a special canalicular and intercanalicular system. Alloplastic bone replacements are inorganic, synthetic, biocompatible and bioactive bone replacements with osteoinductive potential. Hydroxyapatite is a preparation based on calcium phosphate. It has high biocompatibility, low immunogenicity and good osteoconductive characteristics. Poor properties are poor mechanical resistance as well as a low degree of resorption. Therefore, the research of chemically modified hydroxyapatites containing different ions was started. Conclusion. Calcium ions can be replaced by various metal ions like cobalt, aluminum, nickel, manganese, chromium, copper in a liquid medium.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71195964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The quality of nutrition in the Serbian system of public preschool institutions from the perspective of parents, nurses and preschool educators","authors":"Marija Marković, Zorica Stanisavljević-Petrović, Anastasija Mamutović","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-40455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-40455","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Preschool children are a particularly sensitive group in need of special care concerning health, safety, food, and nutrition. Furthermore, habits formed at an early age tend to be retained even in adulthood. Therefore, parents as the first educators of their children are responsible for the development of healthy eating habits and the quality of nutrition of preschool children. Also, as children start to attend a preschool institution, the employees in that institution have an equally important role and responsibility in that regard. Aims. The aims of the research were as follows: to ascertain whether parents are satisfied with the quality of children's diet in preschool institutions; to identify the attitudes of preschool teachers and nurses-preschool teachers toward children's nutrition in preschool institutions, the balance between the quality of food in family homes and kindergartens, and to establish various forms of cooperation between families and preschool institutions regarding the development of healthy eating habits in preschool children. Material and Methods. The sample comprised 933 respondents, including 763 parents, 59 nurses, and 111 preschool teachers. The required data were collected by applying an assessment scale in the case of parents, and interviews in the case of nurses and preschool teachers. Results. The majority of respondents are satisfied with the quality of nutrition in kindergartens. Various forms of cooperation between preschool institutions and parents exist to inform parents about the proper nutrition and development of healthy eating habits in children. Conclusion. According to the perceptions of parents and kindergarten employees, the quality of children's nutrition in the system of institutional preschool education is at an enviable level, although there is certainly room for further improvement and work on the development of proper and healthy eating habits in children in kindergarten and at home.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fecal calprotectin: A marker of Crohn's disease activity","authors":"Mladen Maksic, Tijana Veljković, M. Cvetković, Marija Markovic, Saša Perić, O. Marinković, N. Zdravković","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-39534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-39534","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) with periods of remission and exacerbation. Numerous studies have been conducted in order to identify the ideal marker when it comes to the inflammatory bowel diseases. In the literature, fecal calprotectin is mentioned as a marker of inflammation. Elevated levels of calprotectin can be detected in stool and they indicate the migration of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa that occurs with intestinal inflammation. The aim. The main goal of this study was to examine the concentration of fecal calprotectin and CRP depending on the clinical, endoscopic and histological characteristics of patients with Crohn's disease and whether there is a correlation of these markers with disease activity. Methods. The research was conducted in the period from January 2015 to January 2016. The study included subjects who had been diagnosed with Crohn's disease. The study involved 45 respondents, aged 20 - 58 years. All subjects included in the study underwent a colonoscopic examination with biopsy and pathohistological analysis. Fecal calprotectin was determined in one stool sample in all subjects, and that was done quantitatively by a commercial ELISA assay. Determination of serum CRP concentrations was performed in the Central Biochemical Laboratory by standard methods. Results. Fecal concentrations of calprotectin are elevated in all three forms of the disease, while they are significantly higher in moderately severe (545 vs. 218, p ˂ 0.001) and severe forms of the disease (1000 vs. 218, p ˂ 0.001) compared to the mild form. Fecal concentrations of calprotectin are significantly higher at endoscopic grade 3 compared to the other three endoscopic grades (765.3 vs. 314, p ˂ 0.001), (765.3 vs. 392.8, p ˂ 0.001), (765.3 vs. 448.2, p ˂ 0.001). Fecal concentrations of calprotectin are significantly higher in extensive pathological findings compared to normal epithelial surface (1000 vs. 21, p ˂ 0.001) as well as in extensive pathological findings compared to focal pathological findings (1000 vs. 309, p ˂ 0.001). Conclusion. The more severe form of clinical disease activity is accompanied by higher fecal values of calprotectin and higher endoscopic grade, and a more severe histological grade of disease is accompanied by higher fecal values of calprotectin.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71196401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Is the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection?","authors":"Marina Malobabić, Jelena Stojanov, Goran Stanojević, Miloš Stević, Vuk Milošević, Aleksandar Stojanov","doi":"10.5937/afmnai40-41369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5937/afmnai40-41369","url":null,"abstract":"Background. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) affects mental health. Our study aimed to investigate whether the act of mandatory and prolonged in-hospital quarantine is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health among individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection. Materials and methods. A mixed survey-based cross-sectional study included 300 COVID-19 patients who filled Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scales 21 (DASS-21), a 36-item health survey of the Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36), Insomnia Severity Scale (ISS), Impact of Event Scale (IES) with two subscales -Intrusion (IES-I) and Avoidance (IES-AS), and a questionnaire designed for research purposes. Results. Lower scores on IES-AS, higher scores on IES-I, and in-hospital quarantine are good predictors of high results on the Stress subscale. In-hospital quarantine, lower IES-AS scores, higher IES-I scores, and male gender are significant predictors of higher scores on the Depression subscale. Also, higher scores on IES-I as well as in-hospital quarantine are significant predictors of higher scores on the Anxiety subscale. The presence of insomnia was more pronounced in in-hospital quarantined individuals, while the levels of stress, anxiety, and depression were nearly twice as pronounced. Conclusion. Mandatory in-hospital quarantine of individuals with confirmed COVID-19 infection is a contributing risk factor for impaired mental health.","PeriodicalId":7132,"journal":{"name":"Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135612086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}