流行病学期刊(英文)最新文献

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Unfavourable TB Outcomes in PLHIV with Delayed TB Treatment Initiation—A Retrospective Analysis 延迟结核治疗开始的PLHIV患者的不利结核结局——回顾性分析
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2021.113026
Mahesh Mhetre, R. Pant, M. Bamrotiya, P. Deoraj, R. Allam
{"title":"Unfavourable TB Outcomes in PLHIV with Delayed TB Treatment Initiation—A Retrospective Analysis","authors":"Mahesh Mhetre, R. Pant, M. Bamrotiya, P. Deoraj, R. Allam","doi":"10.4236/ojepi.2021.113026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2021.113026","url":null,"abstract":"Background & Objectives: Timely initiation of anti-tubercular treatment (ATT) is key to obtain favourable outcomes among people living with HIV (PLHIV) co-infected with tuberculosis (TB). There is little evidence to predict treatment outcome and the delay in initiation of ATT among co-infected. The analysis explores the relationship between different ATT initiation delay times and TB outcomes. Methods: Retrospective analysis of secondary data of HIV-TB co-infected patients attending two antiretroviral therapy (ART) clinics in Pune district of Maharashtra, India. Logistic regression models were used to calculate risk. Results: Of the total 457 co-infected PLHIV initiated on ATT from December 2016 to June 2018, there were 298 who had completed TB treatment. Outcomes of ATT were available for 243 patients. Of the 243 patient’s records analysed, 61% were males and ≤11% were less than 18 years. 20% were previously treated. The risk of unfavourable outcomes increased monotonically from OR = 1.1, to OR = 1.73 for >2 days to >7 days delay in ATT initiation respectively. Males (OR = 2.11), newly initiated patients (OR = 1.54) are exposed to higher risk of unfavourable TB outcomes when ATT initiation is delayed beyond seven days. Conclusion: Risk of unfavourable outcomes increase in delay time for ATT initiation. Patient characters should be considered for prioritised referral and availability of test results on the same day of diagnosis to foster same day ATT initiation. More analysis on larger data sets with richer clinical information will generate confirmatory evidence.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48446403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Chronic Carriage of Hepatitis B Virus at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo: Therapeutic Aspects and Outcome in a Cohort of HBeAg+ Outpatients Yalgado Ouedraogo大学教学医院慢性乙型肝炎病毒携带者:HBeAg+门诊患者队列的治疗方面和结果
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2021.113021
E. Somé, Félicité W. Nana, Bertrand Meda, Moussa Son, D. Maxime, S. Kouanda, R. Sombié
{"title":"Chronic Carriage of Hepatitis B Virus at the University Teaching Hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo: Therapeutic Aspects and Outcome in a Cohort of HBeAg+ Outpatients","authors":"E. Somé, Félicité W. Nana, Bertrand Meda, Moussa Son, D. Maxime, S. Kouanda, R. Sombié","doi":"10.4236/ojepi.2021.113021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2021.113021","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The HbsAg prevalence in Burkina Faso was 9.1%. We aimed at describing the therapeutic features and the clinical outcome for the patients taking antiretroviral treatment. Materials and Methods: We implemented a cross-sectional study from January 1st, 2004 to December 31st, 2015. Patients aged more than 15 years with positive hepatitis B surface antigen for over six months and positive hepatitis B e-antigen were included. Results: We analyzed the data of 148 participants for a sex ratio of 3; sixty-three patients including 49 men (77.8%) were on treatment. and 81.5% had inflammatory activity greater than one. Under tenofovir, the normalization of ALT was observed in 42 (84%) patients while HBV-DNA became undetectable in 24/33 patients. HBeAg negativation was observed in 16/25 (64%) patients after seven years of treatment. With lamivudine, 2/9 patients had a complete virologic response and six had a normalization of their ALT. Two and 9 patients lost HBeAg after 7 and 9 years of treatment, respectively. Overall 63% and 27% of the patients were in the high or low-adherence group, respectively. In the low-adherence group, all patients had normal or abnormal ALT, but detectable HBV DNA. Ten patients taking lamivudine developed resistance including primary resistance in three patients. No resistance has been observed with tenofovir. Conclusion: The management of the viral hepatitis B includes often a long follow up period without any medication. When antiviral is indicated, the adherence to the treatment is crucial to a long-term control of the virus. In our setting, the low purchase power of the patients may jeopardize their therapeutic future and there is a need to support this group of patients with free-of-charge medicines as it is provided for the HIV infected people.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44003044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of the First 500 Positive Cases of COVID-19. A Multicenter Retrospective Study across the Najran Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) 新冠肺炎首批500例阳性病例的流行病学和临床特征。沙特阿拉伯王国Najran地区的多中心回顾性研究(KSA)
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2021.113019
H. J. A. Sulayyim, Mohammed Ch Al-Noaemi, Mohammed M Alyami, Shoab Ahmad, Mohammad H. Alyami, Hamad S. Alyami, A. D. Al-Swedan, Ibraheem S. Banihameem, Musallam A. Sedran, A. M. Al-Zubaidi, Obaid M. Al Abbas
{"title":"Epidemiology and Clinical Characteristics of the First 500 Positive Cases of COVID-19. A Multicenter Retrospective Study across the Najran Region of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)","authors":"H. J. A. Sulayyim, Mohammed Ch Al-Noaemi, Mohammed M Alyami, Shoab Ahmad, Mohammad H. Alyami, Hamad S. Alyami, A. D. Al-Swedan, Ibraheem S. Banihameem, Musallam A. Sedran, A. M. Al-Zubaidi, Obaid M. Al Abbas","doi":"10.4236/ojepi.2021.113019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2021.113019","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a viral infection that was first reported in Wuhan, China on 31 December 2019. This study aimed to clarify the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of 500 first COVID-19 in the Najran region, Saudi Arabia. Material and Methods: A multi-center retrospective study design was employed to study the first 500 confirmed COVID-19 positive cases in Najran province, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Data were collected from 1 March 2020 until 1 July 2020 and provided by the Infection Prevention and Control (IPC) department from the hospitals. Included cases were confirmed using real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Demographic, vital signs, symptoms, incubation period, travel or exposure history medical history, and comorbidities were collected. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association between potential risk factors associated with symptoms occurrence of COVID-19. Results: The median age of 500 COVID-19 patients was 31 years; 333 (66.6%) males. A total of 34 (6.8%) were Healthcare Workers (HCWs). Out of the 500 patients, 180 (36%) had at least one comorbid disease. The most common symptoms on admission were fever 281 (56.2%), cough 266 (53.2%), shortness of breath 166 (33.2%), and malaise 113 (22.6%). Most of the patients presented with mild disease severity 310 (62%). Nationality, age, and Diabetes Miletus (DM) were independently and significantly associated with being symptomatic (P β = 2.968, CI = 2.002 - 4.400, P = 0.0010). For every 1 year increase in age, the risk of being symptomatic increased by 5.8% (β = 1.045, CI = 1.033 - 1.058, P = 0.001). Compared with non-DM patients, DM patients had a 4.05 times higher risk (β = 4.05, CI = 2.188 - 7.507, P = 0.001) of getting symptoms. Conclusions: The study concluded that the majority of the COVID-19 patients were symptomatic or had mild disease severity. Age, nationality, and DM were the important risk factors in being symptomatic.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46685106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lipid Accumulation Product: Reliable Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Detection? 脂质堆积产品:心血管风险检测的可靠标志?
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2021.113023
Lidiane Aparecida Vila Pires, R. J. Tofano, S. Barbalho, C. Detregiachi, M. Bechara, T. V. A. Capelluppi, H. J. F. D. Santos, E. Chagas, Ana Maria Gonçalvez Milla, K. Quesada
{"title":"Lipid Accumulation Product: Reliable Marker for Cardiovascular Risk Detection?","authors":"Lidiane Aparecida Vila Pires, R. J. Tofano, S. Barbalho, C. Detregiachi, M. Bechara, T. V. A. Capelluppi, H. J. F. D. Santos, E. Chagas, Ana Maria Gonçalvez Milla, K. Quesada","doi":"10.4236/ojepi.2021.113023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2021.113023","url":null,"abstract":"The Lipid Accumulation Product (LAP) is a clinical marker of visceral obesity and has been proposed as a simple, inexpensive, and accurate tool to estimate cardiovascular risk and mortality. The aim of this study was to verify the association of LAP with anthropometric, biochemical, visceral adiposity index and IR in adults and the elderly. This single cross-section center clinical study, with experimental, analytical, primary, and observational design, included 210 participants. Anthropometric (Body Mass Index (BMI), Waist Circumference (WC), and Neck Circumference (NC)), LAP, Visceral Adipose Index (VAI), and biochemical parameters (fasting glycemia, insulinemia (to calculate the Homa-IR index), total cholesterol, LDL-c, HDL-c, and triglycerides) were evaluated. The results showed that by separating the sample into three groups (adequate BMI and WC, adequate BMI and elevated WC, and elevated BMI and WC), the group with high BMI and WC showed a high value of LAP and VAI compared to the other groups, with a significant difference. Still, the data show a positive and significant correlation when relating the LAP with VAI, HOMA-IR, BMI, WC, NC, total cholesterol, triglycerides, and Diastolic Blood Pressure. It also showed an inversely proportional relationship when associating LAP with HDL-c (p","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46733450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Fight against COVID-19: Survey of Spices & Herbs Used in North India 抗击COVID-19:印度北部使用的香料和草药调查
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.4236/ojepi.2021.113022
A. Radhika, Himani Malik
{"title":"Fight against COVID-19: Survey of Spices & Herbs Used in North India","authors":"A. Radhika, Himani Malik","doi":"10.4236/ojepi.2021.113022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/ojepi.2021.113022","url":null,"abstract":"Treatments for the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic continue to be researched. Clinical trials with antivirals or immunomodulators have met with variable success. Traditional herbal remedies for health problems are popular for prevention and treatment of ailments especially in low resource countries. It is notable that morbidity and mortality from COVID were lower in low resource countries compared to the west. Other factors attributed to this difference include ethnicity, temperature, humidity, innate immunity, and nutrition. Objective: To identify the traditional herbs used for protection against COVID, in north India. Method: This questionnaire-based survey was conducted from August to September 2020 at five districts in North India. Participation in the brief interview was voluntary. Responses were recorded in a predesigned questionnaire (Annexure). Descriptive data analysis was done. Results: A total of 250 people participated in the interview. Majority (84.4%) of the respondents used mask. A total of 66.8% of the respondents confirmed using traditional herbs and spices. Most frequently used home remedies were decoction of herbs including ginger, Tinospora cordifolia, turmeric, black pepper, carom seeds. Turmeric milk was also popular choice. COVID positivity was present in family members of 4% (n = 10) of the respondents, of these four did not consume any herbs. Conclusions: This study provides an overview on the use of home remedies in North India. Given the scarcity of reliable information on home remedies and traditional medicines, further research is needed to develop robust evidence for their role in disease prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43672000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Epidemiological Analysis of Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Hail Residents, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯冰雹居民II型糖尿病流行病学分析
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112011
M. Alshammari, B. Alnasser
{"title":"Epidemiological Analysis of Type II Diabetes Mellitus among Hail Residents, Saudi Arabia","authors":"M. Alshammari, B. Alnasser","doi":"10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112011","url":null,"abstract":"Type II diabetes is a global health concern. This epidemic is elevating in increasing rates in Saudi Arabia. Thus, the study investigates a number of risk factors of Type II diabetes in Hail region, one of Saudi Arabia’s highest regions in diabetes records among adults. Data are collected using diabetic subjects from the Diabetes Registry Records in King Khalid Hospital at the city of Hail, Saudi Arabia, where 200 subjects’ records from 2014 to 2018 were included. A binary logistic regression was utilized to assess the association between age, gender, obesity, hypertension, family history, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglyceridemia as risk factors and Type II diabetes. Some risk factors yielded statistical significant associations such as age (OR = 486.00 for 61 and older; OR = 468.00 for 51 - 60; and OR = 130.50 for 41 - 50; p-values ≤ 0.01), obesity (OR = 3.088; p-value ≤ 0.01), and hypertension (OR = 8.476; p-value ≤ 0.01), while gender, family history, hypercholesterolemia, and hyperglyceridemia were insignificant risk factors in our study. Proper intervention measures targeting diabetes risk factors may tackle or delay this public health issue.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44429999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Viral Hepatitis C during a Screening Campaign in General Population of Benin: Seroprevalence and Associated Factors 贝宁普通人群筛查活动中的病毒性丙型肝炎:血清阳性率和相关因素
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112016
M. N. Paraïso, A. R. Kpossou, C. N. Sokpon, H. Lawin, C. Bigot, R. Vignon, R. Kêkê
{"title":"Viral Hepatitis C during a Screening Campaign in General Population of Benin: Seroprevalence and Associated Factors","authors":"M. N. Paraïso, A. R. Kpossou, C. N. Sokpon, H. Lawin, C. Bigot, R. Vignon, R. Kêkê","doi":"10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112016","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hepatitis C is a global public health problem. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody carriage during mass screening in several localities throughout Benin. Methods: This was a descriptive and analytical cross-sectional study with prospective data collection. This collection took place from 20 to 28 July 2019 at a free voluntary hepatitis C screening organized in Benin by Rotary Clubs in 23 sites throughout the country. A rapid diagnostic orientation test was used for the detection of anti-HCV antibodies. Results: A total of 9035 voluntary participants were included, mostly of Beninese nationality (99.0%), with a median age of 27 years, of whom 51.1% (4619/9035) were single and mainly schoolchildren, pupils or students (37.9%; 3426/9035). HCV seroprevalence was 1.0% (87/9035) [95% CI = 0.8% - 1.2%]. This infection was associated with age greater than 42 years (ORa = 2.71; 95% CI: 1.06 - 6.95), p","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":"11 1","pages":"178-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42041043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outcome of Epidemiological Investigation of COVID-19 Outbreak in a South West State of Nigeria, March to August 2020 2020年3月至8月尼日利亚西南部州COVID-19疫情流行病学调查结果
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112015
E. Isere, A. Adejugbagbe, A. Fagbemi, S. Fagbemi, Adekunle Gboyega Famokun, T. O. Omoju, Wahab Adegbenro
{"title":"Outcome of Epidemiological Investigation of COVID-19 Outbreak in a South West State of Nigeria, March to August 2020","authors":"E. Isere, A. Adejugbagbe, A. Fagbemi, S. Fagbemi, Adekunle Gboyega Famokun, T. O. Omoju, Wahab Adegbenro","doi":"10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112015","url":null,"abstract":"Background: On 3rd April 2020, an outbreak of Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) was confirmed in Ondo State, Southwest Nigeria. Field investigations were conducted by the State Ministry of Health (MoH) to identify and confirm additional cases. This paper provides the outcome of the epidemiological investigation of the outbreak to further guide outbreak response activities. Methods: Field epidemiology methods coordinated by the State Public Health Emergency Operations Center (PHEOC) were used in the outbreak investigation. Suspected cases were reported through the routine Integrated Disease Surveillance and Response (IDSR) network in the State. Also, active case search/finding to communities and health facilities using the operational case definitions was conducted. Furthermore, the state COVID-19 emergency call center was established with toll-free phone number provided to members of the public to call-in to report suspected persons with symptoms consistent with the COVID-19 operational case definition (signal). All cases reported were investigated with nasopharyngeal sample collected and confirmatory testing for COVID-19 done by real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) in a national reference laboratory. Information of each case investigated was documented using the COVID-19 case investigation form and COVID-19 line-list which captured socio-demographic characteristics, history of exposure to COVID-19, presenting symptoms, travel history and sample collection details. Data were extracted from the case investigation form and line list and analyzed using SPSS version 20, with a p-value set at","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49091056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Cirrhosis: Therapeutic Aspects and Outcome for Hospitalized Patients in Burkina Faso 肝硬化:布基纳法索住院患者的治疗方面和结果
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-03-31 DOI: 10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112014
E. Somé, Félicité W. Nana, Isabelle Télarpoa Lompo, D. Maxime, R. Sombié
{"title":"Cirrhosis: Therapeutic Aspects and Outcome for Hospitalized Patients in Burkina Faso","authors":"E. Somé, Félicité W. Nana, Isabelle Télarpoa Lompo, D. Maxime, R. Sombié","doi":"10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJEPI.2021.112014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Cirrhosis represents 27.63% of the hepatobiliary diseases in Burkina Faso. We aimed at studying the therapeutic and evolutionary features of the cirrhosis. Patients and methods: We implemented a cross-sectional and descriptive study, collecting retrospectively the data from 1st January 2012 to 31st March 2014. The diagnosis of cirrhosis was based on 1) clinical criteria (an edema-ascitic syndrome with a heterogeneous hepatomegaly with a sharp inferior border or atrophic liver and a portal hypertension); 2) biological criteria (a hepatocellular insufficiency syndrome); and 3) ultrasound imaging suggesting cirrhosis. Qualitative variables were presented as frequencies and percentages while quantitative ones were presented as means. Results: The data of 273 patients representing 33.9% of all hospitalizations were analyzed. The hepatobiliary diseases represented 74.7% of all diagnosis. The participants’ mean age was 46.9 years and the sex ratio, 2.7. The HBs antigen and anti-HCV antibodies were positive in 76.5% and 14.6% of the cases, respectively. Ascites was treated with puncture in 40.2% of patients, a salt-free diet (38.8%) and diuretics (54.2%). Hepatic encephalopathy was treated with lactulose in 73.6% of patients and two patients (1.3%) underwent esophageal varices ligation to treat their gastrointestinal bleeding. Lamivudine, tenofovir, and lamivudine-tenofovir combination were administered to 57.4%, 32.8%, and 10% of HBs Antigen positive patients, respectively. Conclusion: Cirrhosis still mostly affects the young and active male population at the gastro-enterology department of the university teaching hospital Yalgado Ouedraogo. Patients show up at a very advanced stage of the disease in poorly prepared health centres. In this context, prevention by the anti-hepatitis B immunization and early systematic screening with treatment when indicated are very efficient weapons at our disposal.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":"11 1","pages":"152-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46271845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Misrata, Libya: A Population-Based Surveillance Study 利比亚米苏拉塔市COVID-19流行病学:一项基于人群的监测研究
流行病学期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-02-19 DOI: 10.4236/OJEPI.2021.111010
Anas Zarmouh, Hussien Elaswdi, Essam Elakhtel, Khalid Abufalgha, Mohamed A Taraina
{"title":"Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Misrata, Libya: A Population-Based Surveillance Study","authors":"Anas Zarmouh, Hussien Elaswdi, Essam Elakhtel, Khalid Abufalgha, Mohamed A Taraina","doi":"10.4236/OJEPI.2021.111010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/OJEPI.2021.111010","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The prevalence of SARS-COV2 in Libya is unclear; PCR is still under-performed. Although lockdown measures have been in place for weeks, there is no prevalence data to support the gradual lifting of such lockdowns. SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG is emerging as potential alternatives to PCR testing, and many counties and towns have undertaken such seroprevalence studies. Objective: Prevalence of SARS-COV2 in Misrata, Libya amongst the population as a whole. Materials and Methods: The study was prospective, cross-sectional, population-based, and age-stratified, to assess SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG in the population of Misrata. It was carried out between the 18th and 21st of April, 2020. Results: A representative sample of 897 participants was tested for SARS-COV2 IgM/IgG antibodies. 30 participants were positive for IgM or IgG indicating a prevalence of 3.4% (95% CI, 2.8% - 5.2%), with eight (0.9%) IgM positive and 22 (2.4%) IgG positive. Accordingly, 9075 (95% CI, 6586 - 14,170) people are estimated to have had a current or recent COVID-19 infection, symptomatic or asymptomatic. Conclusion and Recommendations: Serological testing as a diagnostic or surveillance tool may uncover a large proportion of asymptomatic individuals in the community, far outnumbering PCR. The authors highly recommend further precautionary public measures, as well as an ongoing surveillance programme to monitor the epidemiological trends of the disease in the city of Misrata and Libya in general.","PeriodicalId":71174,"journal":{"name":"流行病学期刊(英文)","volume":"11 1","pages":"101-112"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-02-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41976604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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