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Zone-Based Lightning Protection Method for High-Performance Photovoltaic Power Plants 高性能光伏电站基于区域的防雷方法
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627397
György Kálecz, Z. Toth, N. Szedenik, B. Németh, I. Kiss
{"title":"Zone-Based Lightning Protection Method for High-Performance Photovoltaic Power Plants","authors":"György Kálecz, Z. Toth, N. Szedenik, B. Németh, I. Kiss","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627397","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627397","url":null,"abstract":"In the name of sustainability, renewable energy production plays an increasing role in the electricity generation. With the spread of photovoltaic power plants, new challenges are emerging for experts to maintain grid stability due to their dependence of sunlight intensity. The fact, that power generation of these power plants can be unpredictable, must be considered. In addition, growing in numbers also means that the lightning protection of photovoltaic power plants is more and more important to ensure their energy generation during appropriate weather conditions. According to the standardized procedure, the lightning protection of these systems can be constructed. The paper indicates, the calculations strictly based on the standard are leading to a protection system that is not cost-efficient and - in most cases - elements of the primary protection system can be neglected without significantly lowering the protection level. In order to demonstrate a more efficient way to create primary protection, a real photovoltaic power plant is featured in this article. The method to examine the geometry and plan a more efficient primary lightning protection system is based on the PMAS theory. Different zones of the examined photovoltaic power plant are selected to present the calculation.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78704986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Statistical analysis on preliminary breakdown pulses in negative cloud-to-ground flashes occurred in Colombia 哥伦比亚发生的云对地负闪电初步击穿脉冲的统计分析
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627401
C. Granados, H. Rojas, F. Roman
{"title":"Statistical analysis on preliminary breakdown pulses in negative cloud-to-ground flashes occurred in Colombia","authors":"C. Granados, H. Rojas, F. Roman","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627401","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a characterization of preliminary breakdown pulse trains (PBP trains) preceding the first return stroke (FRS) in 76 negative cloud to ground (-CG) lightning flashes occurred in Bogota, Colombia (tropical region located above 2500 meters of altitude) is presented. For the measurement campaign, a broadband parallel-plate antenna system was used with a 500 ms full observation window and a pre-trigger time of 250 ms. After execution a statistical analysis, several results were obtained. The geometric mean (GM) and the arithmetic mean (AM) of the time interval between the largest peak of the PBP train and the maximum value of the FRS (PBP - FRS interval) was 1.08 ms and 1.39 ms, respectively. In addition, the AM of pulse train duration and the ratio between the peak value of the PBP train and its FRS (PBPmax/FRS ratio) were 1.39 ms and 0.55 p.u., respectively. Finally, the number of pulses of the PBP trains characterized were located in the range of 3 to 72 pulses.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75933316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Meshed Ring Earth Electrode below Potential Control Conductor in Insulated Concrete Foundation 绝缘混凝土基础中电位控制导线下的网状环形接地电极
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627452
M. Rock, Christian Drebenstedt
{"title":"Meshed Ring Earth Electrode below Potential Control Conductor in Insulated Concrete Foundation","authors":"M. Rock, Christian Drebenstedt","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627452","url":null,"abstract":"In cases where the foundation earth electrode cannot act as lightning protection grounding system due to electrical insulation, a meshed ring earth electrode can be installed below the foundation plate. This ring earth electrode should have small mesh width so that high potential differences to the foundation earth electrode, which then serves as potential control conductor, do not occur when lightning current diverts into ground. Comparatively small potential differences were calculated for different variants of this arrangement, so that breakdown and damage to the concrete foundation is not to be expected. Nevertheless, small mesh widths of the ring earth electrode result in low potential differences, thus achieving safe lightning protection grounding system.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72579980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Prompt calculation of tower-footing impulse impedance considering different levels of conservativeness for the frequency dependence of soil parameters 考虑土参数频率依赖性的不同保守度，及时计算塔基冲击阻抗
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627427
R. Alípio, M. Guimarães, Naiara Duarte, M. D. de Barros
{"title":"Prompt calculation of tower-footing impulse impedance considering different levels of conservativeness for the frequency dependence of soil parameters","authors":"R. Alípio, M. Guimarães, Naiara Duarte, M. D. de Barros","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627427","url":null,"abstract":"This paper assesses the influence of the frequency dependence of soil parameters on tower-footing grounding systems, according to different levels of conservativeness. Practical formulas are proposed for immediate estimation of the tower-footing grounding impedance from the low-frequency grounding resistance. The quality of the proposed formulas is verified by comparing the results they provide with that obtained from a numerical electromagnetic approach. It is shown that the frequency dependence of soil parameters leads to a decrease of the tower-footing impedance, in comparison with the low-frequency resistance, and that the adopted level of conservativeness is relevant to quantify such decrease. It is also shown that, even considering a conservative approach, the frequency dependence of soil parameters leads to decreases of the impulse impedance higher than 15% in the case of high-resistivity soils.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72674415","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Application of the System Identification Method to Model the Transient Response of Grounding Plates 系统辨识方法在接地板暂态响应建模中的应用
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627457
Yantao Huang, S. Yasui
{"title":"Application of the System Identification Method to Model the Transient Response of Grounding Plates","authors":"Yantao Huang, S. Yasui","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627457","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627457","url":null,"abstract":"Ground potential rise (GPR) is a crucial factor in the measurement of lightning protection. To quantitatively analyze the GPR when lightning hits the transmission lines or buildings, we need a mathematical model that describes the grounding system. This paper proposes a modeling method for grounding systems based on the curve fitting and system identification methods. We used a 600 mm x 600 mm grounding plate to verify the validity of the proposed modeling method. The valid soil resistivity of the result model created by proposed method ranges from 0.1 Ωm to 2000 Ωm, and the maximum frequency of the adaptable input signal is 8 MHz. The resulting transfer function model can be taken as an electrical component to link with other circuits in most of commercial circuit simulation software.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88591481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
On Anticipated Lightning Ventricular Fibrillation Current for Selected African Game Species 某些非洲野生动物的预期雷电心室颤动电流
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627353
P. H. Pretorius
{"title":"On Anticipated Lightning Ventricular Fibrillation Current for Selected African Game Species","authors":"P. H. Pretorius","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627353","url":null,"abstract":"The protection of certain game species against lightning in the African and particularly, South African context, is important also from a conservation perspective. With little to no information published on lightning impulse current threat levels to quadrupeds, estimated threat levels are important to the engineer designing the protection system for these animals. Based on earlier published literature and studies related to safety of electric security fences and tasers, anticipated lightning ventricular fibrillation current for selected African game species was derived and discussed. The latter allows for the design engineer to introduce a safety margin and to design the required external lightning protection system.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75192922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Characterization of the Span Factor for the Assessment of the Lightning Performance of High-Voltage Transmission Lines 高压输电线路防雷性能评定跨距因子的表征
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627455
Rafael M. Gomes, F. H. Silveira, S. Visacro
{"title":"Characterization of the Span Factor for the Assessment of the Lightning Performance of High-Voltage Transmission Lines","authors":"Rafael M. Gomes, F. H. Silveira, S. Visacro","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627455","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627455","url":null,"abstract":"An advanced procedure based on Monte Carlo method is applied to determine the so-called span factor for lightning performance evaluations of typical 138-kV-, 230-kV-, and 500-kV transmission line with realistic distributions of tower-footing grounding impedance. The procedure assumes the Hybrid Electromagnetic Model to determine overvoltages across insulator strings, the Disruptive effect method to assess backflashover occurrence and Love's attractiveness model to represent the distribution of lightning strikes along the line. A slight variation of the span factor was found for realistic distributions of tower-footing impedance along the line. Considering the same attractiveness for towers and shield wires, values of the span factor of about 0.8, 0.56, 0.37 were found, respectively for the 138-kV, 230-kV, and 500-kV transmission lines.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85429867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Microwave and Very High Frequency Radiations of The First Narrow Initial Breakdown 第一窄初始击穿的微波和甚高频辐射
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627385
Shamsul Ammar Shamsul Baharin, Mohd Riduan Ahmad, Taha Raad Khaleel Al-Shaikhli, Muhammad Haziq Mohammad Sabri, Ammar Al-Kahtani, Sulaiman Ali Mohamad, V. Cooray, Muhammad Abu Bakar Sidik
{"title":"Microwave and Very High Frequency Radiations of The First Narrow Initial Breakdown","authors":"Shamsul Ammar Shamsul Baharin, Mohd Riduan Ahmad, Taha Raad Khaleel Al-Shaikhli, Muhammad Haziq Mohammad Sabri, Ammar Al-Kahtani, Sulaiman Ali Mohamad, V. Cooray, Muhammad Abu Bakar Sidik","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627385","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports the observation of microwave and very high frequency (VHF) radiation pulses associated with the first narrow (<10us) initial breakdown (IB) pulses of ten negative cloud-to-ground (-CG) flashes. The centre frequency of microwave and VHF sensors was 0.97 GHz and 60 MHz, respectively. We found that all microwave pulses were the initiation event led the first VHF pulses ranging between 0.03187 and 2.57968 µs and led the first narrow IB pulses ranging between 0.02382 and 2.70202 µs. Half of the VHF pulses were observed to lead the first narrow IB pulses ranging between 0.03453 and 0.128 µs. Moreover, polarity of microwave radiation pulses was always positive while the polarity of the first narrow IB pulses always negative. On the other hand, half of VHF radiation pulses had the same polarity as microwave radiation pulses.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86323880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of transmission line tower grounding improvements on its lightning performance 输电线路塔架接地改进对其防雷性能的影响
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627425
L. Diaz, F. Grange, S. Journet, F. Dawalibi
{"title":"Effects of transmission line tower grounding improvements on its lightning performance","authors":"L. Diaz, F. Grange, S. Journet, F. Dawalibi","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627425","url":null,"abstract":"Improvement of transmission line tower grounding is of particular importance for the line service quality. The tower transient impedance is a key parameter for the prediction and estimation of transmission line performance under abnormal conditions including lightning strikes. In this paper we compare the impulse impedance to the low frequency resistance of the tower by evaluating their respective effects on back-flashovers estimation. Based on real-case scenarios of grounding system configurations the critical current is computed and analysed to estimate the gain in the tower-footing grounding system design.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89126129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Model-based Risk Assessment on Wind Turbine Blade's Failure Caused by Composite Material's Dielectric Strength Breakdown During Lightning 基于模型的雷电作用下复合材料介电强度击穿风力发电机叶片失效风险评估
中国防雷 Pub Date : 2021-09-20 DOI: 10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627355
F. Preis, Y. Méndez
{"title":"Model-based Risk Assessment on Wind Turbine Blade's Failure Caused by Composite Material's Dielectric Strength Breakdown During Lightning","authors":"F. Preis, Y. Méndez","doi":"10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627355","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICLPandSIPDA54065.2021.9627355","url":null,"abstract":"The pace of innovation in composite materials R&D in regard to wind turbine rotor blades has increased drastically in recent years. Composite materials, such as glass fiber-reinforced polymer (GFRP) composites, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites and diverse core materials in the sandwich structures plays a predominant role in multi-megawatt-class wind turbines. Catastrophic rotor blade failure caused by lightning is discussed and modelled with a high-frequency impedance model. The structural failure mechanism (blade collapse) is mainly associated with mechanical rotor blades' root failure. An additional hypothesis caused by electrical stress during lighting strikes in the structure material is introduced, leading to results that may reflect additional explanations of this condition. The high-frequency impedance model presented in this study is intended to represent a first approach in the estimation of electrical stress within the blade structure during a lightning strike. This approach could provide additional support to assess the risk of dielectric strength breakdown within the blade and contribute to the validation of numerical analysis and electrical measurements with less effort to conduct.","PeriodicalId":70714,"journal":{"name":"中国防雷","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88531616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
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