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The antimigraine effect of ergotamine: a role for alpha-adrenergic blockade? 麦角胺的抗偏头痛作用:α -肾上腺素能阻滞的作用?
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1994-02-01
S Bonuso, E Di Stasio, E Marano, V Covelli, N Testa, A Tetto, G A Buscaino
{"title":"The antimigraine effect of ergotamine: a role for alpha-adrenergic blockade?","authors":"S Bonuso,&nbsp;E Di Stasio,&nbsp;E Marano,&nbsp;V Covelli,&nbsp;N Testa,&nbsp;A Tetto,&nbsp;G A Buscaino","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The hypothesis that alpha-adrenergic receptor blockade accounts for the ability of ergotamine to stop migraine attacks was tested, in migraine patients, in an experimental migraine model based on nitroderivative- induced attacks. In a preliminary single blind, placebo controlled study, thymoxamine, a prevalently post-synaptic alpha adrenergic receptor antagonist, was able to abort migraine attack in 9 out of 10 patients, as opposed to 2 out of 10 by placebo (p < 0.005 Fisher's exact test). In a subsequent randomized, crossover, placebo controlled double blind study, the ability of a selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist, methoxamine, to block ergotamine antimigraine effect was studied. In 26 patients migraine was induced in two separate tests and then ergotamine was administered once after methoxamine pretreatment and once after placebo; methoxamine was significantly more effective than placebo in blocking antimigraine effect of ergotamine (p = 0.0055 Fisher's exact test). These results support the hypothesis that ergotamine alpha-1 adrenolytic properties may account for its antimigraine effect suggesting that this action takes place outside the blood-brain barrier, since methoxamine can cross it very poorly. Ergotamine target structure could be the trigeminal innervation of the extracranial and/or dural vessels.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"16 1-2","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1994-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19067155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Visual evoked potential changes in patients with tropical pancreatic diabetes. 热带胰岛糖尿病患者的视觉诱发电位变化。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
S V Thomas, M Alexander, P K Mohan, M Narendranathan
{"title":"Visual evoked potential changes in patients with tropical pancreatic diabetes.","authors":"S V Thomas,&nbsp;M Alexander,&nbsp;P K Mohan,&nbsp;M Narendranathan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Visual impairment is an important complication of diabetes. There are conflicting reports on Visual Evoked Potential (VEP) changes in diabetes. P100 latency of VEP was evaluated in twenty patients with Tropical Pancreatic Diabetes (TPD) and compared with that of age and sex matched controls. There was no statistically significant difference in the P100 latency between the two groups. There was no correlation between the P100 latency and the severity of diabetes or presence of defective vision or retinopathy. The defective vision in diabetes is likely to be due to ocular causes rather than due to a defect in the central visual pathways.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"427-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Primary optic neuritis evolved in multiple sclerosis: an epidemiological study. 多发性硬化症并发原发性视神经炎:一项流行病学研究。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
S Congia, G A Mellino, A Porcella, G Borghero, A Cannas
{"title":"Primary optic neuritis evolved in multiple sclerosis: an epidemiological study.","authors":"S Congia,&nbsp;G A Mellino,&nbsp;A Porcella,&nbsp;G Borghero,&nbsp;A Cannas","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Sixty-nine cases of Optic Neuritis were studied in order to evaluate the percentage of evolution into multiple sclerosis. We observed an incidence rate of 53.6% which is somewhat high respect to data present in literature. The various findings obtained in the present study were compared with those of the literature and the similarities and discrepancies underlined.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"433-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Pituitary adenoma associated with dural arteriovenous fistula. Case report. 垂体腺瘤合并硬脑膜动静脉瘘。病例报告。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
M Cossu, A Lucano, F Sardanelli, A Pau
{"title":"Pituitary adenoma associated with dural arteriovenous fistula. Case report.","authors":"M Cossu,&nbsp;A Lucano,&nbsp;F Sardanelli,&nbsp;A Pau","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The association of a pituitary adenoma with a dural arteriovenous fistula supplied by the posterior branches of the middle meningeal artery and draining into the transverse sinus is reported. Among the possible etiopathogenic explanations of such an unusual association, a progressive mechanical obstacle to the dural venous blood drainage to the left wing of the compressed cavernous sinus and subsequent opening of embryonic dural arterio-venous shunts with reversal of flow has been considered.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"442-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Headache and memory impairment. Study on 100 headache patients. 头痛和记忆力减退。100例头痛患者的临床研究。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
C Sepe, A M Colao, B Merola, F Massari, L D'Andrea, V Covelli
{"title":"Headache and memory impairment. Study on 100 headache patients.","authors":"C Sepe,&nbsp;A M Colao,&nbsp;B Merola,&nbsp;F Massari,&nbsp;L D'Andrea,&nbsp;V Covelli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The aim of the present study was to explore the association between memory impairment and primary headache. 100 headache patients (71 females, 29 males, mean age 35.6 +/- 13.8) and 20 healthy subjects (14 females, 6 males, mean age 37.3 +/- 12.1) as control group, were examined: a significant difference between the two groups was found (p < 0.001). The patients were divided into different groups according to the kind of headache, the use of analgesics, the pain side and the illness length: significant differences were found between patients who made a low use of analgesics and the others (p < 0.001); the illness duration also seems to be relevant in the progressive memory impairment, because it strengthens some immunologic and biochemical mechanisms able to favour a progressive mnemonic damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"421-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hindbrain hernia headache and syncope in type I Arnold-Chiari malformation. 型Arnold-Chiari畸形的后脑疝、头痛和晕厥。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
V Palma, L Sinisi, V Andreone, N Fazio, L L Serra, G Ambrosio, G De Michele
{"title":"Hindbrain hernia headache and syncope in type I Arnold-Chiari malformation.","authors":"V Palma,&nbsp;L Sinisi,&nbsp;V Andreone,&nbsp;N Fazio,&nbsp;L L Serra,&nbsp;G Ambrosio,&nbsp;G De Michele","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We describe two young women affected with syncopal episodes and occipital headache exacerbated by cough, sneezing, rising, or effort. MRI revealed in both patients type I Arnold-Chiari malformation. A craniospinal pressure dissociation with brainstem compression may be involved in the pathogenesis of headache and syncope.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"457-61"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Lacunar syndromes due to non ischaemic causes: prevalence and clinical findings (study of 19 patients). 由非缺血性原因引起的腔隙综合征:患病率和临床表现(19例患者的研究)。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
L G Lazzarino, A Martinelli, A Nicolai
{"title":"Lacunar syndromes due to non ischaemic causes: prevalence and clinical findings (study of 19 patients).","authors":"L G Lazzarino,&nbsp;A Martinelli,&nbsp;A Nicolai","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>137 consecutive patients with Lacunar Syndrome (LS) were studied in order to evaluate the prevalence between ischaemic and not ischaemic forms. The lacunar infarcts (LI) were 118, the not ischaemic ones 19. These latter were caused by primary intracerebral hemorrhages with rapid recovery (12 cases), multiple sclerosis (3 cases) and unruptured top of the basilar aneurysm, chronic subdural haematoma, Arnold-Chiari malformation type 1, multiple metastases (1 case respectively). In this paper we discussed the probable pathogenetic mechanism and the clinical features in the 19 cases of not ischaemic LS. Moreover, FISHER'S opinion that LS are nearly always due to LI is here discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"401-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Three primitive reflexes in HIV-1-infected individuals: a possible clinical marker of early central nervous system involvement. hiv -1感染者的三种原始反射:早期中枢神经系统受累的可能临床标志
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
G Orefice, P B Carrieri, E Troisi, A Chirianni, A Maiorino, G Nolfe, S Rubino, M Coppola, G Campanella
{"title":"Three primitive reflexes in HIV-1-infected individuals: a possible clinical marker of early central nervous system involvement.","authors":"G Orefice,&nbsp;P B Carrieri,&nbsp;E Troisi,&nbsp;A Chirianni,&nbsp;A Maiorino,&nbsp;G Nolfe,&nbsp;S Rubino,&nbsp;M Coppola,&nbsp;G Campanella","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We studied one hundred and six neurologically asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive patients, mostly drug abusers, in various stages of HIV-1 infection to evaluate the frequency of three primitive reflexes: snout, palmomental, and glabellar. We also examined one hundred HIV-1-seronegative drug abusers and one hundred healthy heterosexual individuals. We observed the presence of one or more primitive reflexes in 41% of HIV-1-seropositive subjects, in 8% of HIV-1-seronegative drug abusers and in 3% of healthy individuals. We elicited more than one primitive reflex in 22% of patients, but never among the subjects of the two control groups. The associations of multiple reflexes were significantly more frequent in the most severe CDC stages. Our observations suggest that including evaluation of primitive reflexes in a standard neurologic examination may be useful in screening for early non specific cerebral dysfunction in neurologically asymptomatic HIV-1-seropositive subjects.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"409-15"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151330","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A case of parietal atrophy: etiopathogenetic evaluation. 顶叶萎缩1例:病因学评价。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
W Bolzani, L Montalbetti, L Barletta, A Malaspina, C Uggetti, M Ceroni, F Savoldi
{"title":"A case of parietal atrophy: etiopathogenetic evaluation.","authors":"W Bolzani,&nbsp;L Montalbetti,&nbsp;L Barletta,&nbsp;A Malaspina,&nbsp;C Uggetti,&nbsp;M Ceroni,&nbsp;F Savoldi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We report on the case of a patient presenting a muscle atrophy of the right hand and a left parietal neoplastic lesion rapidly progressing. EMG findings showed no signs of denervation nor sensory-motor conduction impairments. Parietal lesions might interrupt sensory control mechanisms of motor activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"416-20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151331","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical trials in multiple sclerosis: a critical review (1970-1990). 多发性硬化症的临床试验:一个重要的回顾(1970-1990)。
Acta neurologica Pub Date : 1993-12-01
R Bergamaschi, A Citterio, G Filippini, V Cosi
{"title":"Clinical trials in multiple sclerosis: a critical review (1970-1990).","authors":"R Bergamaschi,&nbsp;A Citterio,&nbsp;G Filippini,&nbsp;V Cosi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The present study is a critical review of 100 papers concerning clinical trials in Multiple Sclerosis (MS), published between 1970-1990. We analyzed 20 validity criteria (internal 12, and external 8) and codified each item as \"adequate\" or \"not adequate\", so that the validity of each report was quantified. In addition, we used a statistical method of automatic classification (cluster analysis) to subdivide all the papers in 4 groups with growing validity. Only 52 reports had a fairly good or good validity, therefore more efforts are suggested to correctly plan clinical trials in MS and lead to reliable results.</p>","PeriodicalId":6970,"journal":{"name":"Acta neurologica","volume":"15 6","pages":"462-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"19151338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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