物理化学学报最新文献

{"title":"Work-function-engineered Mo 4d electronic structure modulation in Mo2C MXene cocatalyst for efficient photocatalytic H2 evolution","authors":"Ruiyun Liu ,&nbsp;Ping Wang ,&nbsp;Xuefei Wang ,&nbsp;Feng Chen ,&nbsp;Huogen Yu","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100137","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100137","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mo₂C MXene (Mo₂CT_x) exhibits exceptional hydrogen-evolution potential in photocatalysis due to the Pt-like electronic structure of surface Mo active sites. However, the Mo sites in Mo₂CT_x usually show excessively strong H-adsorption during HER, significantly limiting the intrinsic catalytic activity of Mo₂CT_x. To weaken the H-adsorption capacity of Mo active sites, a strategy of modulating <em>d</em>-orbital electron is implemented <em>via in-situ</em> constructing MoC-Mo₂C MXene heterojunction by a work-function-induced effect. The MoC-Mo₂CT_x heterojunction was synthesized by <em>in</em><em>-</em><em>situ</em> conversion of Mo₂C MXene into MoC <em>via</em> a Co-induced molten salt method, followed by coupling with TiO₂ through a simple ultrasonication-assisted method to prepare the MoC-Mo₂CT_x/TiO₂ photocatalyst. Photocatalytic tests showed that the optimal MoC-Mo₂CT_x/TiO₂ sample achieves an excellent hydrogen production rate of 1886 μmol h⁻¹ g⁻¹, representing 117.9 and 3.9 fold enhancements over TiO₂ and Mo₂CF_x/TiO₂ (Mo₂CF_x prepared by a conventional etchant NH₄F + HCl), respectively. Experimental and theoretical calculations substantiate that the work-function gradient between MoC and Mo₂C MXene induces electron transfer from MoC to Mo₂C MXene to weaken the H-adsorption of Mo active sites in Mo₂CT_x cocatalyst, thereby enhancing its HER activity. This research provides a new strategy of <em>in-situ</em> constructing Mo₂C MXene-based heterojunction for adjusting the H-adsorption capacity of Mo active sites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 11","pages":"Article 100137"},"PeriodicalIF":13.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144738530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waste medical mask-derived carbon quantum dots enhance the photocatalytic degradation of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) over BiOBr/g-C3N4 S-scheme heterojunction","authors":"Shiyi Chen,&nbsp;Jialong Fu,&nbsp;Jianping Qiu,&nbsp;Guoju Chang,&nbsp;Shiyou Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100135","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100135","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has increased the necessity of medical masks, and to date, many waste masks have been discarded without being reprocessed, causing environmental harm. PET, a commonly used plastic product, presents certain hurdles to its natural degradation. In this work, waste medical masks were converted into carbon quantum dots (MCQDs) with blue fluorescence emissions using a simple solvothermal process and then doped into BiOBr/g-C₃N₄ composite material to construct S-scheme heterojunctions for PET degradation. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations revealed that an interfacial electric field (IEF) was formed between g-C₃N₄ and BiOBr. The findings demonstrate that the MCQDs, as a cocatalyst for electron transmission and storage, encourage S-scheme heterojunctions to further separate photogenerated electrons and holes. Levofloxacin (LEV) was used as a molecular probe to visually compare the catalytic activities of various catalysts. These catalysts with different photocatalytic activity were then used to degrade PET. The findings demonstrate that the degradation efficiency of PET over the BiOBr/g-C₃N₄/3MCQDs in seawater is 39.88 ± 1.04 % (weight loss), which is 1.37 times higher than that of BiOBr/g-C₃N₄, and also better than those reported in most of the literature. Free radical capture tests, electrostatic field orbital trap high-resolution gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (HRGC-MS), and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS) experiments uncovered and briefly revealed the key products in the photocatalytic degradation of PET, as well as the relevant mechanism of photocatalytic degradation of PET. The degradation products are expected to become precursors for the further production of polymers and medicines, <em>etc</em>. This study offers fresh perspectives for the creation of innovative photocatalysts for the ecologically benign breakdown of PET, which helps to further lessen environmental damage caused by microplastics (MPs) and enhance resource sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"42 1","pages":"Article 100135"},"PeriodicalIF":13.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145195915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ultrafast electron transfer at the ZIS1−x/UCN S-scheme interface enables efficient H2O2 photosynthesis coupled with tetracycline degradation","authors":"Shumin Zhang ,&nbsp;Yaqi Wang ,&nbsp;Zelin Wang ,&nbsp;Libo Wang ,&nbsp;Changsheng An ,&nbsp;Difa Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100136","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100136","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coupling H₂O₂ production with organic pollutant degradation can effectively overcome the sluggish kinetics of water oxidation while concurrently addressing environmental pollution challenges. In this work, an S-defect-rich ZnIn₂S₄/g-C₃N₄ (ZIS_{1−<em>x</em>}/UCN) S-scheme heterojunction photocatalyst was constructed by <em>in situ</em> growing ZIS_{1−<em>x</em>} nanosheets on porous ultrathin UCN. The designed ZIS_{1−<em>x</em>}/UCN photocatalyst demonstrates enhanced visible light absorption, abundant active sites, and intimate interfacial contact. The optimized ZIS_{1−<em>x</em>}/UCN-1.0 photocatalyst exhibits outstanding dual functionality, simultaneously achieving an H₂O₂ production rate of 2902.2 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ and 91.3 % tetracycline (50 mg L⁻¹) degradation efficiency. This H₂O₂ performance represents a 1.63-fold enhancement compared to its activity in pure water (1777.0 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹). Through comprehensive characterization including femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy (fs-TAS), <em>in situ</em> irradiation X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (ISI-XPS), and <em>in situ</em> X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (XAFS), we unequivocally confirm the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism. This S-scheme induced unique electronic structure not only fosters ultrafast electron transfer at the interface (3.54 ps) but also significantly enhances the redox capacity of photogenerated carriers. Collectively, this work opens new avenues for the dual application of photocatalytic technology in both energy production and environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 11","pages":"Article 100136"},"PeriodicalIF":13.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144720990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular sieve-mediated indium oxide catalysts for enhancing photocatalytic CO2 hydrogenation","authors":"Qinhui Guan ,&nbsp;Yuhao Guo ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Jing Li ,&nbsp;Tingjiang Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100133","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100133","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the realm of photocatalytic CO₂ hydrogenation, the adsorption-desorption behaviors and dynamics of photogenerated carriers are pivotal determinants of the kinetic processes and overall efficiency of photocatalytic reactions. Herein, 5A molecular sieve-functionalized In₂O₃ composites (denoted as IO@5A-<em>x</em>wt%) were fabricated through a facile impregnation-calcination method. Among them, the IO@5A-5wt% composite, with the optimized loading amount of 5A molecular sieves, showcases outstanding performance in photocatalytic conversion of CO₂ to CO, achieving a CO production rate of 2610.55 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹, which is 19 times higher than that of pristine In₂O₃. Moreover, the IO@5A-5wt% composite maintains acceptable catalytic stability after a prolonged experiment lasting 45 h and total of 108 cycles. A comprehensive series of characterization techniques and performance evaluations reveal that the incorporation of 5A molecular sieves significantly modulates the adsorption-desorption behavior and hole dynamics during photocatalytic reactions. The multi-channel architecture of 5A molecular sieves, featuring suitable pore sizes, effectively enhances CO₂ adsorption. Meanwhile, the surface hydroxyl groups of 5A molecular sieves facilitate the transfer of photogenerated holes, thereby suppressing the recombination of photogenerated carriers. Additionally, the reaction product H₂O desorbs more readily from the catalyst surface. These synergistic effects collectively constitute the key mechanism underlying the enhanced photocatalytic performance of the IO@5A-5wt% composite.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 11","pages":"Article 100133"},"PeriodicalIF":13.5,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144749480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D/2D ReSe2/ZnCdS S-scheme photocatalyst with efficient interfacial charge separation for optimized hydrogen production","authors":"Jiaqi Yang ,&nbsp;Xuqiang Hao ,&nbsp;Jiejie Jing ,&nbsp;Yuqiang Hao ,&nbsp;Zhiliang Jin","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100131","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100131","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The rational construction of step-scheme (S-scheme) heterojunctions has been demonstrated as an effective strategy to optimize interfacial charge carrier separation dynamics in semiconductor photocatalysts. In this work, a hierarchical ReSe₂/ZnCdS S-scheme heterojunction with well-defined architectures was successfully synthesized <em>via</em> an ultrasonication-assisted synthetic strategy, achieving precise nanostructure control and enhanced interfacial coupling for optimized photogenerated charge dynamics. The disordered nanoflower-like ReSe₂ architecture enhances light-harvesting efficiency and the density of surface reaction sites, and significantly suppresses ZnCdS nanoparticle aggregation. The optimized 5 % ReSe₂/ZnCdS composite exhibits an exceptional hydrogen evolution rate of 13.96 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ under visible light irradiation, representing a 5.91-fold enhancement over pristine ZnCdS (2.36 mmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹) and outperforming most conventional heterojunction systems. The outstanding photocatalytic performance is attributed to the formation of the ReSe₂/ZnCdS S-scheme heterojunction, which promotes the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, enhancing the photo-redox capacity. Combining <em>in-situ</em> XPS analysis and DFT calculations further conforms the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism at the heterointerface of ReSe₂/ZnCdS. Furthermore, Gibbs free energy calculations of hydrogen adsorption confirm that ReSe₂ as the predominant catalytic center provides more favorable hydrogen adsorption kinetics than ZnCdS. This work provides a universal framework to design ZnCdS-based S-scheme heterojunctions for high-efficiency photocatalytic hydrogen evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 10","pages":"Article 100131"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synergistic Carbon Doping and Cu Loading on Boron Nitride via Microwave Synthesis for Enhanced Atmospheric CO2 Photoreduction","authors":"Haotong Ma ,&nbsp;Mingyu Heng ,&nbsp;Yang Xu ,&nbsp;Wei Bi ,&nbsp;Yingchun Miao ,&nbsp;Shuning Xiao","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100132","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100132","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic CO₂ reduction under atmospheric concentrations remains highly challenging yet critical for practical carbon-neutral applications. In this study, a Cu-loaded, carbon-doped boron nitride (Cu/BCN) photocatalyst was synthesized by a microwave-assisted molten salt method. This approach enables simultaneous carbon incorporation into the BN lattice and selective deposition of Cu nanoparticles, forming an efficient heterostructure. The synergy between C doping and Cu loading modulates the band structure, enhances visible-light absorption, promotes charge separation, and improves CO₂ adsorption. The optimized Cu/BCN photocatalyst achieved a CO production rate of 30.62 μmol g⁻¹ h⁻¹ with 95.8 % selectivity under ambient CO₂ conditions. Combined experimental and DFT analyses confirm that the Cu/BCN interface facilitates charge transfer and lowers the energy barrier for ∗COOH formation. This work demonstrates a promising route toward efficient CO₂ utilization directly from air, offering a scalable strategy for atmospheric carbon conversion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 11","pages":"Article 100132"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144694549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ga-doped Cu/γ-Al2O3 bifunctional interface sites promote the direct hydrogenation of CO2 to DME","authors":"Xiaorui Chen ,&nbsp;Xuan Luo ,&nbsp;Tongming Su ,&nbsp;Xinling Xie ,&nbsp;Liuyun Chen ,&nbsp;Yuejing Bin ,&nbsp;Zuzeng Qin ,&nbsp;Hongbing Ji","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100126","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100126","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The reaction of CO₂ catalytic hydrogenation to dimethyl ether (DME) usually relies on a Cu-containing metal oxide/molecular sieve system; however, the migration of copper species to molecular sieves is unavoidable during the reaction, leading to the loss of Cu⁰ sites and acidic sites. In this work, a Cu/<em>x</em>%Ga-γ-Al₂O₃ bifunctional catalyst was synthesized <em>via</em> the coprecipitation method. Ga was doped into the γ-Al₂O₃ lattice at a low concentration, forming interfacial active sites with surface Cu⁰ species to achieve the hydrogenation of CO₂ to DME. Experimental studies combined with DFT calculations demonstrate that the catalyst remains stable for 180 h and that the Ga-doped Cu/γ-Al₂O₃ interface sites exhibit catalytic effects on CO₂ hydrogenation to CH₃OH and CH₃OH dehydration to produce DME. The doping of Ga increases the specific surface area of the catalyst, reduces the particle size of Cu⁰, enhances the number of acidic and basic sites on the catalyst, and promotes the adsorption of H₂ and CO₂. In addition, a new reaction pathway for DME synthesis was proposed. This work removes the dehydrated component of a traditional Cu-based bifunctional catalyst, enabling two reactions to occur at the same active sites, thus providing a new strategy for the design of novel dimethyl ether synthesis bifunctional catalysts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 10","pages":"Article 100126"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MOF-derived ZnO/PANI S-scheme heterojunction for efficient photocatalytic phenol mineralization coupled with H2O2 generation","authors":"Bowen Liu ,&nbsp;Jianjun Zhang ,&nbsp;Han Li ,&nbsp;Bei Cheng ,&nbsp;Chuanbiao Bie","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Complete mineralization of persistent organic pollutants in wastewater remains a formidable challenge. Here, we report the rational design of a ZIF-8-derived ZnO/polyaniline (PANI) S-scheme heterojunction synthesized <em>via in situ</em> oxidative polymerization. Advanced characterizations confirm the S-scheme charge transfer mechanism within the ZnO/PANI heterojunction. The optimized composite achieves complete phenol mineralization within 60 min while concurrently generating H₂O₂ at a rate of 0.75 mmol∙L⁻¹·h⁻¹ under simulated solar irradiation. Mechanistic studies verify that the S-scheme heterojunction retains strong redox potentials, driving the formation of reactive oxygen species for H₂O₂ production and phenol degradation. This work establishes a universal design paradigm for MOF-derived inorganic/organic S-scheme heterojunctions, effectively coupling solar-driven energy conversion with environmental remediation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 10","pages":"Article 100121"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"BiVO4/WO3−x S-scheme heterojunctions with amplified internal electric field for boosting photothermal-catalytic activity","authors":"Ziyang Long ,&nbsp;Quanzheng Li ,&nbsp;Chengliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Haifeng Shi","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Modulating the internal electric field (IEF) remains a critical challenge for S-scheme heterojunction photocatalysts. The BiVO₄/WO_{3−<em>x</em>} S-scheme heterojunctions were successfully prepared to purify the wastewater environment where TC and Cr (VI) coexist under visible light illumination. The BiVO₄/WO_{3−<em>x</em>} with 10 wt% WO_{3−<em>x</em>} (BVO/WO_{3−<em>x</em>}-10) demonstrated superior photocatalytic efficiency, which could degrade 78.5 % of TC and reduce 85.3 % of Cr(VI) in 60 min. The photocatalytic activity of BVO/WO_{3−<em>x</em>}−10 displayed enhanced removal efficiency in the mixed system. The removal ability of TC and Cr (Ⅵ) was increased by 1.29 and 1.32 times, respectively. Based on IR thermography measurements, the elevated reaction system temperatures were ascribed to the photothermal effect of WO_{3−<em>x</em>}. Oxygen vacancies (OVs) could amplify the energy band difference between WO_{3−<em>x</em>} and BiVO₄, which strengthens the IEF and accelerates the separation of carriers. A detailed degradation pathway and intermediate toxicity were carried out using the mung bean experiment and the results of the LC−MS. In general, this work provided new insights for regulating IEF to enhance the degradation efficiency in mixed wastewater and the carriers separation in the S-scheme heterojunction of the photothermal-catalytic system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 10","pages":"Article 100122"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144330019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalysts for electrocatalytic dechlorination of chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons: synthetic strategies, applications, and challenges","authors":"Qi Wang ,&nbsp;Yuqing Liu ,&nbsp;Jiefei Wang ,&nbsp;Yuan-Yuan Ma ,&nbsp;Jing Du ,&nbsp;Zhan-Gang Han","doi":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.actphy.2025.100120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electrocatalytic hydrodechlorination (EHDC) is a promising technology for degrading chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons (CAHs), offering high efficiency, minimal secondary pollution, and mild operating conditions. Its effectiveness relies on three critical steps: atomic hydrogen (H∗) generation, C-Cl bond cleavage, and adsorption/desorption of CAHs/products. Developing high-performance electrocatalysts is essential to optimize energy efficiency and cost-effectiveness. It is urgent to summarize research progress on design strategies for catalysts and establish fundamental principles. In this review, we first summarize commonly deployed measurement methods and metrics for assessing catalyst activity and stability in EHDC. Then, a series of strategies for enhancing the production of H∗, facilitating the cleavage of C-Cl bonds, and optimizing the adsorption and desorption kinetics of CAHs and their intermediates/products on the catalyst surface are summarized. These strategies include the loading of catalysts on carbon-based/transition-based support to enhance the dispersion of Pd; constructing heterostructures or forming alloys to modulate the electronic structure of active metal nanocatalysts and optimize its binding affinities with reactants and intermediates; and modulating the microenvironment to modify the interface hydrophilicity/hydrophobicity of catalyst to increase reaction rates or improve stability of catalysts. Additionally, the applications of electrocatalysts for EHDC in recent years, such as Pd-based supported electrocatalysts, Pd-based heterostructure electrocatalysts, Pd-based alloy electrocatalysts, and noble-metal-free electrocatalysts are discussed, as well as the influence of catalyst composition on performance. It is noted that the EHDC efficiency of CAHs is influenced not only by the catalyst but also significantly correlated with the structure of CAHs. Thus, the effects of CAHs structures on EHDC performance are also discussed. Studies demonstrate that weak adsorption between the electrode and CAHs is more conducive to EHDC reactions. The number and position of chlorine functional groups, steric hindrance, and the properties of other functional groups in the substrate molecule can also influence EHDC performance. Finally, the challenges and future prospects of EHDC are highlighted, including improving the catalytic performance of non-noble catalysts, employing advanced in situ and operando characterization techniques, and optimizing DFT calculations to more closely align with real catalytic conditions, all aiming to inspire new investigations and advancements in the field of EHDC of CAHs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":6964,"journal":{"name":"物理化学学报","volume":"41 10","pages":"Article 100120"},"PeriodicalIF":10.8,"publicationDate":"2025-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}