Acta medica Indonesiana最新文献

{"title":"Mastery Learning in Intestinal Ultrasound Training: A Meaningful Step Forward, With Miles Still to Go.","authors":"Ari Fahrial Syam","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Intestinal ultrasound (IUS) is increasingly recognized as a vital, non-invasive tool for managing inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) due to its real-time assessment capabilities and patient comfort. However, the lack of standardized training pathways remains a significant barrier to its widespread adoption, particularly in low- and middle-income settings. This editorial evaluates the implementation of a mastery learning-based workshop in Indonesia designed to enhance IUS skills among physicians. The mastery learning framework-incorporating flipped learning, deliberate practice, and real-time feedback led to significant improvements in technical performance with large effect sizes. Despite these gains, only about two-thirds of participants achieved competency in sigmoid colon scanning, and only half met the standard for terminal ileum assessment. This suggests that while short-term intensive workshops are effective for early skill acquisition, they may be insufficient for ensuring consistent proficiency in technically demanding tasks. Mastery learning offers a structured and reproducible approach to gastroenterology procedural training. To translate these initial educational gains into durable clinical expertise, future programs should consider longitudinal curricula that include sustained practice, mentorship, and ongoing assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"58 1","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MMP9 and ADNP Gene Expressions in Secondary Bone Metastasis of Locally Advanced Nasopharyngeal Cancer.","authors":"Rahmat Cahyanur, Cosphiadi Irawan, Lisnawati Rachmadi, Marlinda Adham, Achmad Fauzi Kamal, Achmad Rusdan Handoyo Utomo, Mardiah Suci Hardianti, Thariqah Salamah, Muchtaruddin Mansyur","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) is a malignancy of the nasopharyngeal mucosal epithelium. Primary and secondary metastases in nasopharyngeal cancer are generally prevalent in the bones. Gene expression plays a critical role in regulating fundamental cellular processes in cancer cells, including metastasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 29 patients with non-metastatic NPC were included in the study.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The mean age of the participants was 48.45±9.98 years old. Most participants were male (75.9%). More than half of the participants had T4 and N2, 52.7% and 51.0% respectively). Secondary metastasis was observed in 9 of the 29 participants within two years. Patients with secondary metastases had a higher proportion of T4 (7/9) and N2 (4/9) disease. Bone was the first site of secondary metastasis (6/9 patients). The median time to secondary bone metastasis was 14.0 (6.8-21.2) months. Based on the differential expression gene (DEG) analysis, the MMP9 gene was upregulated 12.50 (4.18-37.40), adjusted p <0.01, and the ADNP gene was downregulated 0.141 (0.04-0.43), adjusted p 0.04, among patients with secondary bone metastasis.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Bones are the first site of metastasis, with a time to metastasis of 14.0 (6.8-21,2) months. MMP9 was upregulated, and ANDP was downregulated in patients with bone metastasis compared to those without metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"58 1","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expert Opinion on the Management of Hyperkalemia in Patients with Cardiorenal Diseases Treated with Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System Inhibitors: An Indonesian Perspective.","authors":"Pringgodigdo Nugroho, Aida Lydia, Haerani Abdul Rasyid, Zulkhair Ali, Pranawa Pranawa, Nyoman Paramita Ayu, Birry Karim, Erwin Sukandi, Siti Elkana Nauli, Hary Sakti Muliawan, Edrian Zulkarnain","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Hyperkalemia (serum potassium >5.0 mEq/l) is a significant complication in patients with heart failure, chronic kidney disease, and diabetes mellitus, particularly when treated with renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASi). Both hyperkalemia and RAASi interruption are associated with increased cardiovascular events, hospitalizations, and mortality. This expert opinion document, developed between January and December 2024 through a systematic process, aims to establish guidance for hyperkalemia treatment in Indonesian patients with cardiorenal diseases receiving RAASi therapy, addressing the unique challenges within the Indonesian healthcare context. A comprehensive literature review of international guidelines and regional studies was conducted by a panel of 11 expert specialists (3 cardiologists, 6 internist-nephrologists, and 2 internist-cardiologists), who evaluated 29 statements covering diagnosis, monitoring, prevention, and treatment of hyperkalemia. Of the 29 statements, 26 reached consensus: 17 statements achieved very high agreement (≥90%) and 9 attained high agreement (≥67% - <90%). The agreed statements covered key areas, including potassium monitoring frequency, RAASi dose optimization strategies, dietary modifications, and treatment thresholds. Three statements regarding alternative therapeutic approaches did not receive agreement (<67%) due to limited local availability and cost considerations. Key recommendations include structured monitoring protocols for high-risk patients, strategies for RAASi dose optimization while managing hyperkalemia risk, and specific interventions adapted to local resources. This document provides a practical approach for managing hyperkalemia in Indonesian patients with cardiorenal diseases while maintaining optimal RAASi therapy, considering local Indonesian healthcare resources and constraints.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"58 1","pages":"123-132"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vitamin D in Office Workers: A Review of Musculoskeletal and Immune System Optimization for Enhanced Productivity.","authors":"Theresia Santi, Ridwansyah Ridwansyah, Rima Melati, Budi Setiabudiawan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Vitamin D deficiency is a significant health issue, particularly among office workers. This literature review emphasizes the availability of evidence on vitamin D deficiency and its impacts on musculoskeletal health and immune functions, especially amongst office workers. A literature search of PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science identified relevant studies on the relationship between vitamin D status and musculoskeletal health and infection risks, highlighting the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency in office workers due to limited sunlight exposure and sedentary lifestyles. The risks of osteoporosis, muscle weakness, and musculoskeletal pain, as well as impaired immune system function, are carefully examined. Potential intervention strategies include implementing work schedules allowing for outdoor breaks, providing access to vitamin D-fortified foods or supplements, and routine screening for vitamin D levels. Addressing the low level of vitamin D in office workers is essential for promoting musculoskeletal health, supporting immune functions, and enhancing workforce productivity.  This review underscores the need for further research and the implementation of evidence-based interventions to mitigate the impact of vitamin D deficiency in this population.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"58 1","pages":"99-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Components of Sarcopenia and Frailty in Relation to Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: An Ambispective Cohort Study from a Tertiary Hospital.","authors":"Jessica Marsigit, Siti Setiati, Tiara Aninditha, Ikhwan Rinaldi, Irsan Hasan, Robert Sinto, Noto Dwimartutie, Suryo Anggoro Kusumo Wibowo, Eric Daniel Tenda","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sarcopenia and frailty are common geriatric syndromes that may contribute to mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Evidence regarding the independent roles of individual sarcopenia components and frailty in MCI remains limited in low- and middle-income countries. This study evaluated the association between sarcopenia components, frailty, and MCI among older adults in Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An ambispective cohort study was conducted among adults aged ≥60 years attending the Geriatric Outpatient Clinic of Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital, Jakarta. Sarcopenia components were assessed using SARC-Calf (low muscle mass indicator), handgrip strength, and the five-times sit-to-stand test. Frailty was evaluated using the FRAIL scale. Cognitive function was assessed using the Rapid Cognitive Screening. Multivariate log-binomial or Poisson regression with robust variance was used to estimate adjusted risk ratios (RRs) for MCI.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 121 participants (median age 74 years; 68.6% female) were included, with an MCI prevalence of 21.5%. After adjustment for confounders, low muscle mass indicator (RR 2.206; 95% CI 1.045-4.652) and low muscle strength (RR 3.006; 95% CI 1.202-7.517) were independently associated with MCI. Low physical performance (RR 1.773; 95% CI 0.796-3.773) and frailty (RR 1.086; 95% CI 0.377-3.134) were not significantly associated with MCI.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low muscle mass indicators and reduced muscle strength were independently associated with MCI, supporting the integration of simple sarcopenia screening tools into routine geriatric cognitive assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"58 1","pages":"67-76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comprehensive Case Analysis: Diagnosing and Managing Myositis in Newly Diagnosed Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients in Indonesia.","authors":"Nabila Abiyasa Putri, Awalia Awalia","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>An 18-year-old female with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) presented with bilateral thigh pain, fever, and diarrhea three days before admission. Diagnosed with SLE one month earlier, she reported prior symptoms, including joint pain, malar rash, hair loss, and hyperpigmented lesions. Initial investigations revealed elevated transaminase levels (AST 355, ALT 132), positive ANA, decreased complement levels (C3 68, C4 16.8), and raised creatine kinase (619). A muscle biopsy confirmed myositis. The patient was treated with immunosuppressant (a combination of steroids and hydroxychloroquine) and supportive therapy. By the eighth day of hospitalization, her symptoms, especially thigh pain, resolved. Electromyocardiography was done, and the results were normal, indicating therapeutic success. This case highlights the importance of prompt diagnosis and management of myositis as a rare SLE manifestation to achieve favorable outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"58 1","pages":"94-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147669622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Coronary Artery Calcium Score as a Potential Non-Invasive Marker for Pulmonary Artery Hypertension.","authors":"Shahin Mirzamohammadi, Niloofar Shirazi, Niloofar Deravi, Rasoul Hossein Zadeh, Reza Khademi, Mojan Ayati, Reza Hossein Zadeh, Taraneh Faghihi Langaroudi, Sara Besharat","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Early prediction of cardiac dysfunction is crucial in preventing the progression to heart failure and associated complications. To achieve this, the utilization of clinical indicators, molecular and pathological markers, and non-invasive evaluation methods has gained significant interest. One potential predictive tool that can be measured through non-invasive imaging modalities is the coronary artery calcium (CAC) score. Recent studies have extensively examined the correlation between coronary atherosclerotic plaque calcium score and cardiac dysfunction. However, data are scarce regarding the usefulness of the calcium score in predicting pulmonary artery hypertension, which is a known consequence of ventricular dysfunction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 167 patients with suspected coronary artery involvement were included in the study. Before performing CT angiography, the score of CAC was measured in all patients based on their CT results. The CAC value was calculated using Vitrea software. The CAC score of each coronary artery, as well as the total CAC score (by summing the scores of each artery), was determined based on the Agatston method. Then the patients were subjected to CT angiography, and the value of pulmonary artery pressure or PAP, as well as the pulmonary artery dilatation, was measured based on the results of CT angiography.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average CAC score in the two groups with and without PAH was 107.57 ± 268.60 and 35.47 ± 93.98, respectively, which indicated a significant difference between the two groups (P value 0.011). Accordingly, the number of cases with a positive CAC score in the two groups with and without PAH was 24 (49.0%) and 47 (39.8%), respectively, which showed a significant difference between the two groups (P = 0.046). There was a significant correlation between CAC score and PAH. Based on the analysis of the area under the ROC curve, CAC score evaluation had a high ability to predict PAH in women and in patients over 50 years old.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The measurement of CAC score could be incorporated as a predictive index for the increase of pulmonary artery pressure and the occurrence of PAH. However, this predictive value is more evident in women and in older patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"57 4","pages":"445-453"},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Continuous Glucose Monitoring Use in Rural Area: An Evidence-Based Case Report.","authors":"Ekvan Danang Setya Pramudito, Fergie Marie Joe Grizella Runtu, Agung Anugerah, Ardy Wildan","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) provides real-time glycemic variability data, surpassing traditional methods like HbA1c. CGM data, also known as glucometrics, provide a comprehensive assessment of glycemic variability rather than a single point estimate like HbA1c, CGM data, or glucometrics. It provides a comprehensive assessment of glycemic variability rather than a single point estimate like HbA1c. CGM enables clinicians to understand dysglycemia patterns better by continuously tracking the patient's glucose levels, therefore allowing for individualized adjustments to antidiabetic therapy. By continuously tracking glucose levels, a CGM enables clinicians to understand dysglycemia patterns better, allowing for individualized adjustments to antidiabetic therapy. While costly, CGM enables long-distance monitoring, addressing healthcare inaccessibility in remote rural areas. This case reportstudy examines a 24-year-old Indonesian female patient diagnosed with young-onset diabetes with limited access to specialized care, a history of macrosomia at birth, high blood glucose, and a body mass index (BMI) of 27.7. The patient's abdominal circumference was 86 cm, which is above normal for women and within the range of obesity. In this patient, CGM recorded a mean glucose level of 145 mg/dL. Studies indicate that when at least 70% of CGM data is available over a 10-14-day period, an estimated HbA1c can be calculated. CGM is vital for diabetes management in rural settings. Further, integrating telemedicine can help bridge healthcare gaps. Expanding access to CGM and genetic testing is crucial for improving outcomes in underserved communities.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"57 4","pages":"541-551"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Emergence of Drug Resistance in Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis: A Case Series.","authors":"Herikurniawan Herikurniawan, Aziza Harris, Mira Yulianti, Ni Nyoman Indirawati Kusuma, Cleopas Martin Rumende","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Drug-resistant extrapulmonary tuberculosis (DR-EPTB) represents an escalating global health challenge, complicated by rising rates of rifampicin-resistant (RR-TB) and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Despite growing awareness, DR-EPTB remains underdiagnosed and underreported, often due to presumptive assumptions of drug sensitivity. This case series describes three distinct cases of DR-EPTB: a 34-year-old woman diagnosed with primary MDR-TB involving the lungs and colon; a 41-year-old man with RR-TB-associated arthritis of the elbow joint, following a previous history of pulmonary TB; and a 63-year-old immunosuppressed woman presenting with primary laryngeal and pulmonary RR-TB. These cases highlight the diagnostic complexities and emphasize the necessity of prompt and precise diagnosis facilitated by molecular diagnostics, particularly GeneXpert MTB/RIF. Increased awareness and vigilance for DR-EPTB among clinicians are critical for early detection, effective management, and curbing the spread of drug-resistant strains.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"57 4","pages":"521-524"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complicated Pregnancy in a Patient with Distal Renal Tubular Acidosis, Systemic Lupus Erythematosus, and Antiphospholipid Syndrome: A Rare Case and Management Strategies.","authors":"I Gede Yasa Asmara, Alvina Widhani, Lugyanti Sukrisman, Maruhum Bonar Hasiholan Marbun","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Distal renal tubular acidosis (dRTA) is a rare disorder characterized by impaired acid excretion leading to metabolic acidosis and hypokalemia. Its occurrence during pregnancy, particularly alongside systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and antiphospholipid syndrome (APS), poses significant challenges for both maternal and fetal outcomes. This case report describes the successful management of a 23-year-old woman with secondary dRTA, SLE, and APS during pregnancy. The patient, with a history of recurrent hypokalemia and previous preterm deliveries, was closely monitored by a multidisciplinary team. Throughout her pregnancy, she required significant potassium and bicarbonate supplementation to maintain electrolyte and acid-base balance. Additionally, hydroxychloroquine, methylprednisolone, aspirin, and unfractionated heparin were continued to manage SLE and APS. Despite the complexity of her condition, she delivered a healthy baby girl at 37 weeks via cesarean section. This case provides valuable insights into managing dRTA during pregnancy, highlighting the importance of customized approaches to the management of electrolyte and acid-base abnormalities, as well as that of autoimmune disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":"57 4","pages":"508-513"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145916403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}