Acta medica Indonesiana最新文献

{"title":"Plasmodium Ovale Malaria: Endemic Areas in Indonesia.","authors":"Umar Zein,&nbsp;Hadiki Habib,&nbsp;Hadyanto Lim","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Plasmodium ovale consists of two subspecies - P. ovale wallikeri and P. ovale curtisi. Increased reports of imported malaria ovale in non-endemic regions and mixed infection of P. ovale with other Plasmodium species suggest that P. ovale might be under-detected during routine surveillance. Areas endemic with P. ovale have mostly been reported in African and Western Pacific countries. A recent case report in Indonesia indicated that regions with P. ovale endemicity are not only distributed in Lesser Sunda and Papua, but also in North Sumatra.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma in an Immunocompetent Young Adult Patient: A Rare Case.","authors":"Aisyah Wirdah,&nbsp;Norman Djamaludin,&nbsp;Mediarty Syahrir,&nbsp;Yenny Dian Andayani,&nbsp;Mita Andriani,&nbsp;Yunni Diansari","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Primary CNS Lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare form aggressive extra nodal     non-Hodgkin Lymphoma (NHL) that comprising 1-2% of the primary brain tumors that develops in the brain, spinal cord, eye or leptomeningeal area without evidence of systemic involvement. The overall incidence of PCNSL with immunocompetent patients is only 0,47/100.000 year in PCNSL. Approximately 10-20% of patients have ocular involvement and around one third have multifocal neurological disease. Overall long-term survival rate only 20-40%, this is because the management of PCNSL is limited to ability of the drug due to cross the blood brain barrier (BBB). We present a B-cell central nervous system lymphoma in an immunocompetent patient who treat responses with chemotherapy.          A 35-year-old man presented to our hospital with suddenly unconscious 4 hours before admission. He was experiencing headache and blurred of vision withing 3 months and have episode seizure. On Examination, GCS E2 M3 Aphasia, Hemiparesis dextra, papil edema, VOD/VOS: NLP. The other physical exam was normal. Laboratory tests  Hb 10,7 g/dl, LDH 446 U/L, and D-dimer 3,21ug/ml.  Rubella IgG 76,9, CMV Ig G 245,6 and, HSV IgG and IgM negative, HIV test non-reactive, Toxoplasma IgG and Toxoplasma IgM negative, HbsAg and HCV test negative. Brain MRI and MRI Spectroscopy: Lobulated mass size 7,08 cm x 4,75 cm at caudates nucleus sinistra-periventricular lateralis sinistra, Cholin/NAA ratio: 5-9, Cholin/Creatin ration 6-11 suspect malignancy dd/Lymphoma. MRI whole spine: Bulging discus intervertebral C4-C5. Chest and Abdomen CT-Scan are normal. Bone Survey normal, EEG: Epileproform left temporal. Cerebrospinal Fluid: Gliosis reaction sup malignancy.The patient underwent craniotomy and biopsy Pathology Anatomy and IHC Basal Ganglia revealed a Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma (NHL) Non-Germinal Center, CD 20 +, Ki 67 95% (High Grade), CD 45 +, CD 3 -, BCL6 +, Mum 1+. The patient we give induction therapy with RMP Regimens (Rituximab 375 mg/m2, day 1, 15 and 29, High Dose Methotrexate (HDMTX) 3000mg/m2 day 2, 16 and 30, and Procarbazine 60mg/m2 day 3-12) because Procarbazine in not available in Palembang we change to Dacarbazine 375mg/m2 days 3,17 and 31), Dexamethasone 5mg/6 hours, and has finished  Low Dose Whole Brain Radiotherapy for consolation therapy. PCNSL is rare form aggressive extra nodal NHL, especially in Immunocompetent patient. In this particular case of patients High Dose Methotrexate Chemotherapy has achieved high respond especially for this patient that showed GCS E4M5V6 and recovery neurological deficit after 2 cycle chemotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9239616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Rare Case of Pulmonary Leiomyosarcoma.","authors":"Jialin He,&nbsp;Yun Tang,&nbsp;Fei Zhao,&nbsp;Bo Zheng,&nbsp;Shihai Tang,&nbsp;Juan Gong,&nbsp;Li Wang,&nbsp;Yang Zhou","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Leiomyosarcoma commonly occurs in the abdomen, retroperitoneum, large blood vessels, and uterus[1]. Cardiac leiomyosarcoma is a rare and highly aggressive sarcoma. We reported a case of a 63-year-old male with pulmonary artery leiomyosarcoma. Transthoracic echocardiography showed a large 4.4×2.3 cm hypoechoic mass in the right ventricular outflow tract and pulmonary artery. Computed tomography pulmonary angiography showed a filling defect in a similar location. The initial impression was PE, but a tumor was not ruled out. An emergency surgery was performed due to progressively worse chest distress and dyspnea. A yellow mass that had adhered to the ventricular septum and pulmonary artery wall was detected to be compressing the pulmonary valve. Immunohistochemistry confirmed tumor cells positive staining for Desmin and smooth muscle actin and negative staining for S-100, CD34, myogenin, or myoglobin, and KI67(+)80%, indicating leiomyosarcoma. Pulmonary leiomyosarcoma showed a side-inserted heart chamber filling defect in CTA and should be excised when the patient suddenly deteriorated.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9239622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Indonesian Geriatrics Society Consensus on COVID-19 Management in Older Adults.","authors":"Igp Suka Aryana,&nbsp;Siti Setiati,&nbsp;Roza Mulyana,&nbsp;Noto Dwimartutie,&nbsp;Aulia Rizka,&nbsp;Bayu Basuki Wijaya,&nbsp;Nur Riviati,&nbsp;Rensa Rensa,&nbsp;Dina Aprilia Ariestine,&nbsp;Bambang Joni Karjono,&nbsp;Eko Aribowo,&nbsp;Hildebrand Hanoch Victor Watupongoh,&nbsp;Ridzqie Dibyantari,&nbsp;Wayan Giri Semara Putra,&nbsp;Fandi Triansyah,&nbsp;Rahmi Istanti,&nbsp;Dian Daniella","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>More than 80% of death cases and 95% of severe COVID-19 occur in patients aged over 60 years. Atypical clinical manifestations with high morbidity and mortality further emphasize the importance of COVID-19 management in older adults. Some older patients may appear asymptomatic while other may present with acute respiratory distress syndrome and multi organ failure. Fever, higher respiratory rate and crackles may present. The most common chest x-ray finding is ground glass opacity. Other imaging modalities that are often used are pulmonary computed tomography scan and lung ultrasonography. COVID-19 management in older adults should be comprehensive, starting from oxygen, fluid, nutritional, physical rehabilitation, pharmacology and psychosocial therapy. In this consensus, we also discuss about management of older adults with special condition such as diabetes mellitus, kidney disease, malignancy, frailty, delirium, immobilization and dementia. In post COVID-19 phase, we believe that physical rehabilitation is important as it is done to improve fitness.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9233914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TIMP2 and IGFBP-7 as Biomarkers For The Diagnosis of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Post-operative Patients: An Evidence-Based Case Report.","authors":"Igor Ian Wiguna,&nbsp;Gde Ngurah Irfan Bhaskara,&nbsp;Mutiara Reka Ananda Putri,&nbsp;Priscilla Ardianto,&nbsp;Widi Atmoko","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as a sudden reduction in kidney function which commonly occurs as a complication of major surgeries. It is traditionally diagnosed using serum creatinine elevation. AKI has relatively slow kinetics that makes it unable to diagnose at an earlier more reversible stage. Furthermore, previous research has shown that TIMP-2 and IGFBP7 were urinary biomarkers to use as a diagnostic tool for AKI. We aimed to compare the accuracy of TIMP2 and IGFBP-7 to the gold standard (serum creatinine) in diagnosing AKI in postoperative patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A thorough search was performed using a search strategy on EMBASE, PubMed, and Medline (Ovid) using keywords according to the objective. The collected articles were critically appraised using CEEBM critical appraisal tool.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>5 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were selected and evaluated. They all stated that the use of TIMP2 and IGFBP7 could not detect AKI better than the gold standard as shown in the sensitivity and specificity of the biomarkers. Furthermore, the examination of AKI using both biomarkers showed a sensitivity of 60-100% and specificity of 58-91%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>TIMP2 and IGFBP7 are promising diagnostic tools for AKI. However, due to the wide variation in results amongst the different studies, further research is required to ensure the credibility of this result.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of New Pulmonary Artery Wedge Pressure Formula to Predict Diastolic Dysfunction in Obstructive Sleep Apnea.","authors":"Telly Kamelia,&nbsp;Lukman Hakim Makmun","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Heart failure (HF) is a common condition with high morbidity and mortality  in  Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), especially in obese patient. The causes of HF are often abnormal conduction pathways, pump filling and/or heart valves. Right heart catheterization using Swan-Ganz catheter remains the gold standard to determine pulmonary hemodynamics, but it is costly and invasive. Herein, we propose a new formula for non-invasive Pulmonary artery wedge pressure (PAWP) measurement using tissue Doppler echocardiography. The purpose of this research is to explore the correlation between the new formula to calculate PAWP to predict diastolic dysfunction in OSA patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A cross-sectional study was conducted in Jakarta, in March until October 2021. Eighty-two subjects were enrolled in the study, consist of 34 females and 48 males. All subjects underwent polysomnography and tissue Doppler echocardiography. Noninvasive measurement of PAWP were obtained from combined assessment of E/e' and left atrial parameters.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Based on 82 subjects included, 66 subjects (80.5%) had obstructive sleep apnea, and 16 subjects (19.5%) did not have it. There was a significant difference in PAWP between patients with and without OSA (p value <0.01). Ten subjects OSA (12.1%) had diastolic dysfunction, while all non-OSA subjects had normal diastolic function, with no statistical significance between two groups (p value = 0.20). Diastolic dysfunction significantly associated with PAWP measured using proposed formula  (R = 0.240, p value = 0.030).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The new formula could be used to indirectly calculate PAWP and predict diastolic dysfunction in OSA. Obstructive sleep apnea is associated with elevated PAWP. The increased risk of diastolic dysfunction in OSA, especially in obesity patient may indicate for the risk of cardiovascular morbidities.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9233915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Five-Year Survival Rate of Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease on Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) at Malang CAPD Center, Indonesia.","authors":"Atma Gunawan,&nbsp;Pandu Tridana Sakti","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Continuous Ambulatory Peritoneal Dialysis (CAPD) is an alternative therapy for renal replacement in patients with kidney failure in developing countries such as Indonesia. The CAPD program in Malang Indonesia has been running since 2010. Until now, there has been little research on the mortality of CAPD therapy in Indonesia. We aimed to provide report on the characteristics and 5-year survival of CAPD therapy in patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in developing countries like Indonesia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 674 patients with end-stage renal disease receiving CAPD therapy from the medical records of the CAPD Center RSUD Dr. Saiful Anwar from August 2014 to July 2020. The 5-year survival rate was analyzed using Kaplan-Meier, and the hazard ratio was analyzed using Cox regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 674 patients with end-stage renal disease who underwent CAPD, 63.2% survived up to 5 years, with general survival rates at 1, 3, and 5 years of 80%, 60%, and 52%, respectively. The 3-year survival rate for patients with end-stage renal disease and comorbid hypertension was 80%, while it was 10% for patients with comorbid hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus. The hazard ratio for patients with end-stage renal disease who had comorbid hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus was 8.4 (95% CI = 6.36-11.21).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Patients with end-stage renal disease who receive CAPD therapy have a favorable 5 years survival rate. Patients with end-stage renal disease on CAPD therapy who have comorbid hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus have a lower survival rate than patients with comorbid hypertension alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9233916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Comparison of Monocyte Human Leukocyte Antigen-D-Related (mHLA-DR) Expression Levels Between Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Patients and Healthy Subjects.","authors":"Musholli Himmatun Nabilah,&nbsp;Puspa Wardhani,&nbsp;Aryati Aryati,&nbsp;Yetti Hernaningsih,&nbsp;Bambang Pujo Semedi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>SARS-CoV-2 can trigger a dysfunctional immune response in COVID-19 patients and lead to immunosuppression. HLA-DR molecule expressed on the surface of monocytes, known as mHLA-DR, has been widely used as a reliable marker of immunosuppression. Downregulation of mHLA-DR reflects an immunosuppressed state. This study aimed to compare the expression level of mHLA-DR between COVID-19 patients and healthy subjects concerning immune system dysregulation that can be triggered by SARS-CoV-2 and lead to immunosuppression.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was an analytic observational study with a cross-sectional design that measured the mHLA-DR expression in EDTA blood samples from 34 COVID-19 patients and 15 healthy subjects using the BD FACSLyricTM Flow Cytometry System. The mHLA-DR examination results were expressed in AB/C (antibodies bound per cell) that were quantified using a standard curve constructed with Quantibrite phycoerythrin beads (BD Biosciences).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Expression of mHLA-DR in COVID-19 patients (n = 34) were 21,201 [2,646-92,384] AB/C, with 40,543.5 [9,797-92,384] AB/C mild cases (n = 22), 21,201 [9,831-31,930] AB/C moderate cases (n = 6), and 7,496 [2,646-13,674] AB/C severe to critical cases (n= 6). Expression of mHLA-DR in healthy subjects (n = 15) was 43,161 [25,147-89,846] AB/C. Based on the Mann-Whitney U test, the mHLA-DR expression in COVID-19 patients significantly differed from the mHLA-DR expression in healthy subjects (p = 0.010).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The level of mHLA-DR expression in COVID-19 patients was lower and significantly different from healthy subjects. Moreover, immunosuppression could be indicated by the decrease of mHLA-DR expression, which was below the reference range found in severe to critically ill COVID-19 patients.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9239620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paraganglioma in The Urinary Bladder: A Pitfall in Histopathologic Diagnosis.","authors":"Jamie Lim Co,&nbsp;Maria Lourdes Luna Goco,&nbsp;Jeffrey Santos So","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Paraganglioma of the urinary bladder is a rare neuroendocrine tumor which originates from the chromaffin tissue of the sympathetic nervous system. It only accounts for about 0.05% of all vesical tumors. Bladder paraganglioma may also present with non-specific symptoms which could easily lead to misdiagnosis. In this report, emphasis on the histomorphology and immunohistochemical profile of the tumor is stressed as the morphological findings could overlap with relatively more common urothelial neoplasms. Distinction from other tumors is of utter importance because of different therapeutic options. Here, we present a case of a 52 year-old, filipino, male, previously diagnosed with colonic tubulovillous adenoma, presenting with dysuria and hematuria who, after undergoing CT Stonogram revealed an incidental finding of a lobulated mass measuring 5.7 cm located at the anteroinferior portion of the urinary bladder wall.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Clopidogrel in the Prevention of Primary Failure of Arteriovenous Fistula in Patients with End-Stage Renal Disease: A Systematic Review.","authors":"Wahyudi Wahyudi,&nbsp;Dono Antono,&nbsp;Pringgodigdo Nugroho,&nbsp;Ikhwan Rinaldi,&nbsp;Ika Prasetya Wijaya,&nbsp;Hamzah Shatri,&nbsp;Em Yunir,&nbsp;Lusiani Rusdi","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Arteriovenous fistula (FAV) is the most widely used vascular access for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients undergoing routine hemodialysis in Indonesia. However, FAV can become dysfunctional before it is used for the initiation of hemodialysis, a condition known as primary failure. Clopidogrel is an anti-platelet aggregation that has been reported to reduce the incidence of primary failure in FAV compared to other anti-platelet aggregation agents. Through this systematic review, we aimed to assess the role of clopidogrel to the incidence of primary FAV failure and the risk of bleeding in ESRD patients.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A literature search was carried out to obtain randomized Control Trial studies conducted since 1987 from Medline / Pubmed, EbscoHost, Embase, Proquest, Scopus, and Cochrane Central without language restrictions. Risk of bias assessment was performed with the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 application.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>All of the three studies involved indicated the benefit of clopidogrel for the prevention of AVF primary failure. However, all of the studies have substantial differences. Abacilar's study included only participants with diabetes mellitus. This study also administered a combination of clopidogrel 75 mg and prostacyclin 200 mg/day, while Dember's study gave an initial dose of clopidogrel 300 mg followed by daily dose 75 mg and Ghorbani's study only gave clopidogrel 75 mg/day. Ghorbani and Abacilar started the intervention 7-10 days before AVF creation, while Dember started 1 day after VAF creation. Dember gave treatment for 6 weeks with an assessment of primary failure at the end of week 6, Ghorbani's treatment lasted for 6 weeks with an assessment at week 8, while Abacilar gave treatment for one year with an assessment at weeks 4 after AVF creation. In addition, the prevalence of bleeding did not differ between the treatment and control groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Clopidogrel can reduce the incidence of primary FAV failure without significant increase of bleeding events.</p>","PeriodicalId":6889,"journal":{"name":"Acta medica Indonesiana","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9235131","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}