Natsume Okamoto, Naoko Taniura, Takahisa Nakayama, Eri Tanaka, Yusuke Kageyama, Mai Noujima, Ryoji Kushima, Ken-Ichi Mukaisho
{"title":"Three-Dimensional Culture of Glioblastoma Cells Using a Tissueoid Cell Culture System.","authors":"Natsume Okamoto, Naoko Taniura, Takahisa Nakayama, Eri Tanaka, Yusuke Kageyama, Mai Noujima, Ryoji Kushima, Ken-Ichi Mukaisho","doi":"10.1267/ahc.24-00043","DOIUrl":"10.1267/ahc.24-00043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In classical cell culture techniques, cancer cells typically proliferate in a single layer by adhering to the undersurface of laboratory vessels. Consequently, concerns have been raised regarding the fidelity of the morphological and functional characteristics of these cultured cancer cells compared to those of their <i>in vivo</i> counterparts. Our previous studies have investigated various epithelial malignant tumors utilizing the Tissueoid cell culture system, a three-dimensional (3D) cultivation method employing Cellbed-a nonwoven sheet composed of high-purity silica fibers as a scaffold. In this investigation, we have achieved successful 3D culturing of glioblastoma cells (A172 and T98G), which are non-epithelial in nature. As such our focus is to juxtapose their morphological features against that of those cultivated via conventional two-dimensional (2D) methods. Our findings will be elucidated using immunostaining, immunofluorescence staining, and scanning electron microscopy, substantiated with accompanying imaging. Notably, cells cultured in the 3D environment exhibited distinct morphological attributes compared to those of their 2D counterparts, notably featuring pronounced cellular protrusions. We envisage the continued utilization of the 3D culture platform to facilitate diverse avenues of research, encompassing the exploration of novel therapeutic modalities for glioblastoma cells and beyond.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"57 5","pages":"149-155"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565224/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Localization of Both CD31- and Endomucin-Expressing Vessels in Mouse Dental Pulp.","authors":"Ryo Kambe, Keisuke Mitomo, Takatoshi Ikarashi, Mayuka Haketa, Kentaro Tashiro, Masahiro Furusawa, Takashi Muramatsu","doi":"10.1267/ahc.24-00009","DOIUrl":"10.1267/ahc.24-00009","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We investigated the localization of both CD31- and endomucin-expressing vessels in mouse dental pulp to elucidate their relationship with dentin formation. The maxillae of C57BL/6 male mice (1, 4, 8, 12, and 56 weeks old) were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde solution, and cryosections (12-μm-thick) were prepared. Immunofluorescence was performed using anti-CD31 and anti-endomucin antibodies, and calcein labeling was conducted to elucidate relationships with dentin formation. At 1 week, many CD31-expressing (CD31 (+)) and endomucin-expressing (endomucin (+)) vessels were observed throughout the dental papilla. At 4 weeks, CD31 (+) and endomucin (+) vessels decreased in the crown and increased in the root of dental pulp. At 12 weeks, CD31 (+) and endomucin (+) vessels were detected at the root apex, but not in coronal pulp. At 56 weeks, few CD31 (+) and endomucin (+) vessels were observed in dental pulp. Both CD31(+) and endomucin (+) vessels were detected directly beneath calcein-labeled dentin at all sites. These results suggest the presence of CD31 (+) and endomucin (+) vessels in dental pulp and their contribution to dentin formation.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"57 5","pages":"157-163"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565222/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Fructose-bisphosphate Aldolase C Expression is Associated with Poor Prognosis and Stemness in Gastric Cancer.","authors":"Akira Ishikawa, Yuki Shiwa, Narutaka Katsuya, Ryota Maruyama, Takafumi Fukui, Kazuya Kuraoka, Takahisa Suzuki, Hidehiko Takigawa, Shiro Oka, Wataru Yasui","doi":"10.1267/ahc.24-00044","DOIUrl":"10.1267/ahc.24-00044","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastric cancer (GC) is the third leading cause of cancer-related deaths in Japan, underscoring the urgent need for deeper insights into its pathogenesis. Spheroids provide a more realistic and versatile model for studying cancers and cancer stem cells (CSCs). While fructose-bisphosphate aldolase C (ALDOC) has been identified in colorectal cancer spheroids, its role in GC has remained largely unexplored. This study aimed to elucidate the role of ALDOC in GC by performing single-cell and functional analyses of GC spheroids and cell lines, along with immunohistochemistry of 127 GC samples to assess its correlation with CSC markers. Our single-cell analysis revealed upregulation of ALDOC in spheroids, with pseudotime analysis indicating that ALDOC-expressing cells were predominantly undifferentiated and co-expressed LGR5 and CD44. Further investigation into cell-cell interactions suggested that the stem cell state may be maintained by WNT, BMP, and EGF signaling. Functional assays demonstrated that ALDOC knockdown led to a marked reduction in the growth, invasiveness, and spheroid colony formation capacity of GC cell lines. Clinically, ALDOC was detected in the cytoplasm of 56.7% (72/127) of GC cases, and high ALDOC expression was significantly associated with poor overall survival (<i>p</i> < 0.01), and was an independent prognostic factor. Moreover, a significant association between ALDOC and CD44 expression in GC (<i>p</i> = 0.031). Conclusively, our findings identify ALDOC as a crucial prognostic marker and provide new insights into GC pathogenesis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"57 5","pages":"165-174"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565221/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Hepatic Lipid Overload on Accelerated Hepatocyte Proliferation Promoted by HGF Expression via the SphK1/S1PR2 Pathway in MCD-diet Mouse Partial Hepatectomy.","authors":"Baljinnyam Lkham-Erdene, Narantsog Choijookhuu, Toshiki Kubota, Tomofumi Uto, Shuya Mitoma, Shinichiro Shirouzu, Takumi Ishizuka, Kengo Kai, Kazuhiro Higuchi, Kham Mo Aung, Jargal-Erdene Batmunkh, Katsuaki Sato, Yoshitaka Hishikawa","doi":"10.1267/ahc.24-00046","DOIUrl":"10.1267/ahc.24-00046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is becoming a major health problem worldwide. Liver regeneration is crucial for restoring liver function, and is regulated by extraordinary complex process, involving numerous factors under both physiologic and pathologic conditions. Sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), a bioactive sphingolipid synthesized by sphingosine kinase 1 (SphK1), plays an important role in liver function through S1P receptors (S1PRs)-expressing cells. In this study, we investigated the effect of lipid overload on hepatocyte proliferation in a mouse hepatic steatosis model induced by feeding a methionine- and choline-deficient (MCD) diet. After 50% partial hepatectomy (PHx), liver tissues were sampled at various timepoints and then analyzed by immunohistochemistry, oil Red-O staining, quantitative-polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and flow cytometry. In mice fed the MCD-diet, significantly exacerbated hepatic steatosis and accelerated liver regeneration were observed. After PHx, hepatocyte proliferation peaked at 48 and 36 hr in the liver of chow- and MCD-diet fed mice, respectively. By contrast, increased expression of S1PR2 was observed in hepatic neutrophils and macrophages of MCD-diet fed mice. Flow cytometry and qPCR experiments demonstrated that levels of HGF and FGF2 released by neutrophils and macrophages were significantly higher in MCD-diet fed mice. In conclusion, hepatic lipid overload recruits Kupffer cells and neutrophils that release HGF and FGF2 via SphK1/S1PR2 activation to accelerate hepatocyte proliferation.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"57 5","pages":"175-188"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11565223/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142646571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunolocalization of Cytoplasmic ER in ER-negative Breast Carcinoma as a Potent Favorable Prognostic Predictor.","authors":"Akiko Ebata, Takashi Suzuki, Narumi Shoji-Harada, Yohei Hamanaka, Minoru Miyashita, Erina Iwabuchi, Kiyoshi Takagi, Yasuhiro Miki, Hiroshi Tada, Takanori Ishida","doi":"10.1267/ahc.23-00016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.23-00016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>It is known that estrogen receptor (ER) has extranuclear signaling functions in addition to classical genomic pathway, and estrogenic actions have been reported in ER-negative breast carcinoma cells. However, significance of cytoplasmic-ER immunoreactivity has not been reported in ER-negative breast carcinoma tissues. We immunolocalized cytoplasmic ER in 155 ER-negative breast carcinoma tissues and evaluated its clinicopathological significance including the prognosis. As a comparative cohort set, we also used 142 ER-positive breast carcinomas. Cytoplasmic-ER immunoreactivity was detected in the carcinoma cells, but not in the non-neoplastic mammary epithelium. Cytoplasmic-ER immunoreactivity was positive in the 35 out of 155 (23%) ER-negative breast carcinoma cases, whereas it was detected only in 2 out of 142 (1.4%) ER-positive cases. Cytoplasmic ER status was positively associated with cytoplasmic-PR status, but inversely associated with Ki67 labeling index or distant free-relapse survival rate. Moreover, cytoplasmic-ER status turned out to be an independent good prognostic factor for both distant relapse-free survival and breast cancer specific survival. These findings suggested that cytoplasmic ER plays important roles in the ER-negative breast carcinoma, and cytoplasmic ER is a potent good prognostic factor. Among the ER-negative breast cancer patients, clinical benefit of chemotherapy may be limited in the cytoplasmic-ER positive cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"56 4","pages":"59-66"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/33/07/ahc-056-59.PMC10480483.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10245650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Muscarinic Receptor Stimulation Does Not Inhibit Voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> Channels in Rat Adrenal Medullary Chromaffin Cells.","authors":"Keita Harada, Masumi Inoue","doi":"10.1267/ahc.23-00042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.23-00042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adrenal medullary chromaffin (AMC) and sympathetic ganglion cells are derived from the neural crest and show a similar developmental path. Thus, these two cell types have many common properties in membrane excitability and signaling. However, AMC cells function as endocrine cells while sympathetic ganglion cells are neurons. In rat sympathetic ganglion cells, muscarinic M<sub>1</sub> and M<sub>4</sub> receptors mediate excitation and inhibition via suppression of M-type K<sup>+</sup> channels and suppression of voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels, respectively. On the other hand, M<sub>1</sub> receptor stimulation in rat AMC cells also produces excitation by suppressing TWIK-related acid sensitive K<sup>+</sup> (TASK) channels. However, whether M<sub>4</sub> receptors are coupled with voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel suppression is unclear. We explore this issue electrophysiologically and biochemically. Electrical stimulation of nerve fibers in rat adrenal glands trans-synaptically increased the Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal in AMC cells. This electrically evoked increased Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal was not altered during muscarine-induced increase in Ca<sup>2+</sup> signal, whereas it decreased significantly during a GABA-induced increase, due to a shunt effect of increased Cl<sup>-</sup> conductance. The whole-cell current recordings revealed that voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> currents in AMC cells were suppressed by adenosine triphosphate, but not by muscarinic agonists. The fractionation analysis and immunocytochemistry indicated that Ca<sub>V</sub>1.2 Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels and M<sub>4</sub> receptors are located in the raft and non-raft membrane domains, respectively. We concluded that muscarinic stimulation in rat AMC cells does not produce voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> channel inhibition. This lack of muscarinic inhibition is at least partly due to physical separation of voltage-dependent Ca<sup>2+</sup> channels and M<sub>4</sub> receptors in the plasma membrane.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"56 4","pages":"67-75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7a/6b/ahc-056-67.PMC10480484.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10541740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Recent Advances in High-sensitivity <i>In Situ</i> Hybridization and Costs and Benefits to Consider When Employing These Methods.","authors":"Shimpei Higo, Hirotaka Ishii, Hitoshi Ozawa","doi":"10.1267/ahc.23-00024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.23-00024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>In situ</i> hybridization (ISH), which visualizes nucleic acids in tissues and cells, is a powerful tool in histology and pathology. Over 50 years since its invention, multiple attempts have been made to increase the sensitivity and simplicity of these methods. Therefore, several highly sensitive <i>in situ</i> hybridization methods have been developed that offer researchers a wide range of options. When selecting these <i>in situ</i> hybridization variants, their signal-amplification principles and characteristics must be understood. In addition, from a practical point of view, a method with good monetary and time-cost performance must be chosen. This review introduces recent high-sensitivity <i>in situ</i> hybridization variants and presents their principles, characteristics, and costs.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"56 3","pages":"49-54"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/a9/ac/ahc-56-49.PMC10323200.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9813018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Histone Modification in Histochemistry and Cytochemistry.","authors":"Riko Kitazawa, Ryuma Haraguchi, Sohei Kitazawa","doi":"10.1267/ahc.23-00014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.23-00014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Keeping chromatin in a stable state is essential for genome stability, scheduled transcription, replication, DNA repair, and precise and reliable chromosome segregation and telomere maintenance during cell division. Over the past decade, research on chromatin remodeling has made great strides whereby modification of histone proteins is a key factor involved in many of the essential cellular processes. The nuclear findings of tumor cells that pathologists routinely examine are nothing but reflections of both genomic and histone alterations. Moreover, impaired histone function is known to be related to common diseases such as diabetes and atherosclerosis, and is, therefore, considered a potential therapeutic target. The present review first outlines the physiological function of histone proteins, and second, demonstrates their alterations to pathological states, emphasizing the importance of immunohistochemistry in histopathological diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"56 3","pages":"41-47"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/2e/58/ahc-56-41.PMC10323199.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9806708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SRY-box Transcription Factor 6 Is Expressed Not Only in the Dorsal but Also in the Ventral Zone of the Neural Tube and Is Highly Expressed in the Notochord and Chordoma.","authors":"Genshu Tate","doi":"10.1267/ahc.23-00012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.23-00012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the course of SRY-box transcription factor 6 (SOX6) expression profiling in human embryonic tissue, SOX 6 was found to be highly expressed in the notochord, based on the findings of immunohistochemistry (IHC). Sox6 is also expressed in the neural tube and the distribution of SOX6 is located in the ventral and dorsal zones of the neural tube. In contrast to the findings that SOX6-positive cells were located on the floor plate of the neural tube, OLIG2- and NKX2.2-expressing cells were lacking on the floor plate of the neural tube, and their expression was restricted only to the ventral zone of the neural tube. The expression patterns of SOX9 were similar to those of OLIG2 and NKX2.2 in the neural tube. NKX2.2 and OLIG2 are not expressed in the notochord, but SOX9 and SOX6 are. Because Sox6 is highly expressed in the notochord, the present study investigated whether or not SOX6 is an immunohistochemical marker for the pathologic diagnosis of chordoma, a neoplasm derived from the notochord. IHC revealed that chordoma was strongly positive for SOX6 in two cases of chordoma, one of which occurred in the sacrococcygeal region and another that developed at the base of the skull, suggesting that SOX6 is a useful marker for the histopathologic diagnosis of chordoma.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"56 3","pages":"55-58"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/7a/73/ahc-56-55.PMC10323198.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9813021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunohistochemical Analysis of Mitochondrial Ferritin in the Midbrain of Patients with Parkinson's Disease.","authors":"Haruka Tsubaki, Daijiro Yanagisawa, Yusuke Kageyama, Zulzikry Hafiz Abu Baker, Ken-Ichi Mukaisho, Ikuo Tooyama","doi":"10.1267/ahc.22-00109","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1267/ahc.22-00109","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mitochondrial ferritin (FtMt) is an endogenous iron-storage protein localized in the mitochondria. FtMt is mainly observed in restricted tissues, such as those in the testis, islets of Langerhans, and brain. Further, it may protect cells from oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer's disease and progressive supranuclear palsy. However, the role of FtMt in Parkinson's disease (PD) remains unclear. Therefore, the current study investigated the localization and expression level of FtMt in the midbrain of patients with PD and healthy controls using immunohistochemical techniques. FtMt immunoreactivity was mainly detected in dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) in both healthy controls and patients with PD. In addition, FtMt-positive particles were observed outside the dopaminergic neurons in patients with PD. Based on a quantitative comparison, patients with PD had a significantly upregulated FtMt immunoreactivity in dopaminergic neurons than healthy controls. Our result might be helpful in future studies on the role of FtMt in PD.</p>","PeriodicalId":6888,"journal":{"name":"Acta Histochemica Et Cytochemica","volume":"56 2","pages":"21-27"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/c9/a1/ahc-56-21.PMC10139838.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9387111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}