Rami Akrem Addad, D. Dutra, Miloud Bagaa, T. Taleb, H. Flinck
{"title":"Towards Studying Service Function Chain Migration Patterns in 5G Networks and Beyond","authors":"Rami Akrem Addad, D. Dutra, Miloud Bagaa, T. Taleb, H. Flinck","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013983","url":null,"abstract":"Given the indispensable need for a reliable network architecture to cope with 5G networks, 3GPP introduced a covet technology dubbed 5G Service Based Architecture (5G-SBA). Meanwhile, Multi-access Edge Computing (MEC) combined with SBA conveys a better experience to end- users by bringing application hosting from centralized data centers down to the network edge, closer to consumers and the data generated by applications. Both the 3GPP and the ETSI proposals offered numerous benefits, particularly the ability to deliver highly customizable services. Nevertheless, compared to large data- centers that tolerate the hosting of standard virtualization technologies (Virtual Machines (VMs) and servers), MEC nodes are characterized by lower computational resources, thus the debut of lightweight micro-service based applications. Motivated by the deficiency of current micro-services-based applications to support users’ mobility and assuming that all these issues are under the umbrella of Service Function Chain (SFC) migrations, we aim to introduce, explain and evaluate diverse SFC migration patterns. The obtained results demonstrate that there is no clear vanquisher, but selecting the right SFC migration pattern depends on users’ motion, applications’ requirements, and MEC nodes’ resources.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72918931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On Connectivity of Interdependent Networks","authors":"Arunabha Sen, K. Basu","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014143","url":null,"abstract":"The studies in fault-tolerance in networks mostly focus on the connectivity of the graph as the metric of fault-tolerance. If the underlying graph is k-connected, it can tolerate up to k -1 failures. This metric in various forms, has been used extensively for robust design of communication networks, which may be viewed as a single layer network. In the last few years, there is an increasing awareness in the research community that critical infrastructure networks, such as the power grid and the communication network are highly interdependent. This inter-dependency has become critical in a {smart-grid} environment, where the electric power transmission/distribution network is highly integrated with the communication network. This dependency realization has led to a fairly large number of studies on robustness and resiliency of interdependent multi-layer networks. Unfortunately, many of the proposed models of inter-dependency that appeared in the literature in the last few years fail to capture the complex inter-dependency that exists between entities of power grid and communication networks, involving a complex combination of conjunctive and disjunctive relations. The Boolean logic based model of inter-dependency proposed in cite{sen2014identification} overcomes this limitation. Using this dependency model, in this paper we explore ''connectivity'' of a two-layer interdependent network and formally define a new metric, Two-Layered connectivity (TL-connectivity), that is a counterpart of the traditional connectivity metric for a single-layer network (SL-connectivity). We provide an algorithm for computation of TL-connectivity. The problem can be solved in polynomial time in some special cases, whereas for some others, the problem is NP-complete. Finally, we evaluate the technique with a specific case study.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80288006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ogeen H. Toma, M. López-Benítez, Dhaval K. Patel, K. Umebayashi
{"title":"Primary Channel Duty Cycle Estimation under Imperfect Spectrum Sensing Based on Mean Channel Periods","authors":"Ogeen H. Toma, M. López-Benítez, Dhaval K. Patel, K. Umebayashi","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013426","url":null,"abstract":"The emerged Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) concept based on Cognitive Radio (CR) is a promising solution to overcome the problems related to frequency spectrum scarcity. In DSA/CR systems, the inactivity patterns of the licensed frequency channels are exploited in an opportunistic and non-interfering manner by unlicensed users. Therefore, the knowledge of the occupancy rate (i.e., duty cycle) of these licensed channels is crucial for boosting the performance of the DSA/CR system. For example, it can help to select the lowest occupied channel which can offer higher opportunistic spectrum to the unlicensed users. Channel Duty Cycle (DC) is a statistical parameter about the activity of the licensed channel in time- domain, which is initially unknown to the DSA/CR system but can be estimated from the outcomes of spectrum sensing. However, spectrum sensing is imperfect in practice due to sensing errors, which in turn will provide incorrect estimation of the channel DC. In this context, this work successfully finds a novel method to accurately estimate the channel DC even under Imperfect Spectrum Sensing (ISS) without requiring any prior knowledge about the licensed channel activity. This is achieved after accurately analysing the impact of ISS on the estimation of the statistical moment (mean) of the channel activity periods, for which a closed form expression is obtained as a function of the true mean, probability of errors and sensing period. The achieved mathematical expression helps to find a novel method to accurately estimate the true mean of the channel activity periods and subsequently the channel DC based on the outcomes of the ISS.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"89 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80318166","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Synergy of Edge and Central Cloud Computing with Wireless MIMO Backhaul","authors":"Xiaoyan Hu, Lifeng Wang, Kai‐Kit Wong, M. Tao, Yangyang Zhang, Zhongbin Zheng","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014044","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the synergy of combining the edge and central cloud computing is studied in heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets). Multi-antenna small base stations (SBSs) equipped with edge cloud servers offer computing services for user equipment (UEs) proximally, whereas a macro base station (MBS) provides central cloud computing services for UEs via wireless multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) backhaul allocated to their associated SBSs. With task processing latency constraints for UEs, the network energy consumption is minimized through jointly optimizing the cloud selection, the UEs' transmit powers, the SBSs' receive beamformers, and the SBSs' transmit covariance matrices. A mixed integer and non-convex optimization problem is formulated, and a decomposition algorithm is proposed to obtain a tractable solution iteratively. The simulation results confirm that great performance improvement can be achieved compared with the traditional scheme with central cloud computing only.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"4 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82152289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pilot-Free Channel Change Detection for mmWave Massive MIMO System","authors":"Yue Wu, Yuchen Jiao, F. Gao, Yuantao Gu","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014219","url":null,"abstract":"Millimeter wave (mmWave) communication is a promising technology for future outdoor cellular systems. However, the abrupt channel change is more prone to occur over mmWave band compared to conventional frequencies, which will degrade the system performance. Hence, it is important to detect the channel change accurately for preparation of re- estimating the channel state information (CSI). In this paper, we attempt to solve the channel change problem from the perspective of change-point detection. By exploiting the low-rank characteristic of mmWave massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel, the received signals can be viewed as data points in a subspace superimposed with noises. Then a cumulative sum (CUSUM)-based subspace change-point detection algorithm is designed to detect the mmWave channel change. The method can work without the aid of pilot signals and is of low computational complexity and memory requirement. Results are provided to validate the satisfactory of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"67 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82414106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optimized Scheduling for Time-Critical Industrial IoT","authors":"Keoma Brun-Laguna, P. Minet, Yasuyuki Tanaka","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014218","url":null,"abstract":"The main requirement of Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT) is reliability with a targeted reliability of above 99.999%. Then come latency and energy-efficiency requirements. The next step for the IIoT is to target time-critical applications. Even if IIoT technologies are now adopted worldwide, challenges remain and some of the limits of the technologies are still not fully understood. In this paper, we address TSCH-based (Time Slotted Channel Hopping) Wireless Sensor Networks and study their latency and lifetime limits under real-world conditions. We compute theoretical bounds on the end-to-end latency in a perfect radio environment and then in real deployments with unreliable links. We compare the performance of different scheduling algorithms and evaluate the impact of unreliable links on end-to-end latency and network lifetime, by means of simulations using traces collected from real deployed TSCH networks.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"27 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82421454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Feng Wang, Dingde Jiang, Sheng Qi, Chen Qiao, H. Song
{"title":"Fine-Grained Resource Management for Edge Computing Satellite Networks","authors":"Feng Wang, Dingde Jiang, Sheng Qi, Chen Qiao, H. Song","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013467","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013467","url":null,"abstract":"The low earth orbit (LEO) satellite network has been a valuable architecture due to its characteristics of wide coverage and low transmission delay. Utilizing LEO satellites as edge computing nodes to provide real-time services for access terminals will be the indispensable paradigm of integrated space-air-ground network. However, it is not easy to design resource management strategies in edge computing satellite (ECS), considering different accessing planes and resource requirements of terminals. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of the network topology, relative motion, and available resources is required to establish ECS collaborative networks. To address these problems, the dynamic resource allocation architecture and advanced K-means algorithm (AKA) in ECSs are proposed. Then, the extended graph model and breadth-first-search-based spanning tree (BFST) algorithm are utilized to guide the inter-satellite link (ISL) construction. As a result, the ECS collaborative network is established with fine-grained resource management. Simulation results show that the proposed fine- grained resource management scheme is feasible and effective.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"28 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81345304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Online Incentive Mechanism Design for Collaborative Offloading in Mobile Edge Computing","authors":"Gang Li, Jun Cai, Jing Ma","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9013744","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, an online truthful mechanism integrating task executor selection, computation and communication resource allocation is proposed. Different from most existing work in the literature that was based on offline settings, in our system model, upon the arrival of a smartphone user who requests task offloading, the base station (BS) needs to make a decision right away without knowing any future information. By considering each task's specific requirements in terms of data size, delay, and preference, we formulate a social-welfare-maximization problem and propose a novel online mechanism to solve it. Both theoretical analyses and numerical results show that our mechanism can guarantee feasibility, truthfulness, and computational efficiency with a competitive ratio of 3.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"23 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82335237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shashi Raj Pandey, N. H. Tran, M. Bennis, Y. Tun, Zhu Han, C. Hong
{"title":"Incentivize to Build: A Crowdsourcing Framework for Federated Learning","authors":"Shashi Raj Pandey, N. H. Tran, M. Bennis, Y. Tun, Zhu Han, C. Hong","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014329","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014329","url":null,"abstract":"Federated learning (FL) rests on the notion of training a global model in a decentralized manner. Under this setting, mobile devices perform computations on their local data before uploading the required updates to the central aggregator for improving the global model. However, a key challenge is to maintain communication efficiency (i.e., the number of communications per iteration) when participating clients implement uncoordinated computation strategy during aggregation of model parameters. We formulate a utility maximization problem to tackle this difficulty, and propose a novel crowdsourcing framework, involving a number of participating clients with local training data to leverage FL. We show the incentive-based interaction between the crowdsourcing platform and the participating client's independent strategies for training a global learning model, where each side maximizes its own benefit. We formulate a two-stage Stackelberg game to analyze such scenario and find the game's equilibria. Further, we illustrate the efficacy of our proposed framework with simulation results. Results show that the proposed mechanism outperforms the heuristic approach with up to 22% gain in the offered reward to attain a level of target accuracy.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"11 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82360763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Coverage Area Performance for Multiple Interfering UAVs","authors":"A. Khuwaja, G. Zheng, W. Feng, Yunfei Chen","doi":"10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/GLOBECOM38437.2019.9014242","url":null,"abstract":"Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) have the capability of supplementing as well as improvising terrestrial cellular communications as aerial base stations to improve network coverage. This puts significance on the effective deployment of multiple UAVs while maximizing the coverage area in presence of co- channel interference generated by these UAVs. To this end, it is important to determine the parameters that affects the coverage area performance. In this paper, we investigate the effect of co-channel interference on the effective coverage of UAV-based small cells (USCs) deployed in a certain geographical area to satisfy a target signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) at the cell edge. We propose a coordinated multi- UAV strategy to evaluate the trade-off between the UAV separation distance and the overall coverage area assuming symmetric placement of UAVs at a common optimal altitude to ensure minimum transmit power. Numerical results unveil that the number of UAVs and the separation distance between them should be carefully designed to achieve the optimal coverage area performance.","PeriodicalId":6868,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM)","volume":"169 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78636642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}