Kinetics and Catalysis最新文献

{"title":"Comparative Study: Ultrasound, Solar, and Mechanochemical Synthesis of 3,4-Dihydropyrimidin-2(1H)-one Catalyzed Al-Pillared Montmorillonite under Solvent Free Conditions","authors":"Lamia Bouchenka,&nbsp;Farida Bouremmad,&nbsp;Souaad Khodja,&nbsp;Federico Berti,&nbsp;Fulvia Felluga,&nbsp;Musa Mutlu Can,&nbsp;Mehmet Ali Gulgun","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425600336","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425600336","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study reports the green synthesis of 3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2(1<i>H</i>)-one (DHPM) via the Biginelli reaction using aluminum-pillared montmorillonite (Al-Mt), a catalyst derived from Algerian clay. The catalyst was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller method X-ray fluorescence spectrometry, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, confirming successful pillaring and enhanced surface area and acidity. Catalytic activity was evaluated under various environmentally friendly conditions, including solvent-free systems, ultrasound irradiation, solar irradiation, and grindstone (mechanochemical) methods. Al-Mt exhibited high efficiency, achieving a 96% yield under solvent-free conditions and 91% yield via grindstone chemistry in just 2.5 h. Solar irradiation also showed promising results with a 64% yield. Compared to raw montmorillonite, the pillared catalyst significantly improved conversion and reaction time. This work highlights Al-Mt as an effective, low-cost, and reusable catalyst for sustainable heterocyclic synthesis, with the grindstone and solar methods representing eco-friendly strategies in DHPM production.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"717 - 724"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Hydrogen Additives on Soot Formation in the Pyrolysis and Oxidative Pyrolysis of Ethylene and Methane","authors":"A. R. Akhunyanov,&nbsp;P. A. Vlasov,&nbsp;V. N. Smirnov,&nbsp;J. Krovyakova,&nbsp;V. S. Arutyunov","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425600804","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425600804","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents a numerical study of the effect of hydrogen additives on soot formation in the pyrolysis and oxidative pyrolysis of methane and ethylene in reflected shock waves. In the pyrolysis of methane, hydrogen additives significantly decreased the yield of soot in the entire test temperature range of 1700–2800 K. In the oxypyrolysis of methane, a weak promoting effect of hydrogen additives on soot formation was found at low temperatures (1600–1800 K), whereas the additives of H₂ noticeably inhibited soot formation at higher temperatures. In the pyrolysis and oxypyrolysis of ethylene, hydrogen additives strongly inhibited soot formation over the entire test temperature range of 1500–2300 K.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"618 - 632"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chemical Looping of Manganese to Synthesize Ammonia at Atmospheric Pressure: Kinetics and Proposed Mechanism","authors":"Wrya Aframehr,&nbsp;Peter H. Pfromm","doi":"10.1134/S002315842560021X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S002315842560021X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Ammonia (NH₃) plays a crucial role in human life both as a critical chemical feedstock for fertilizers and as a potential renewable energy carrier. The Haber–Bosch process is the state of the art approach to synthesize ammonia which releases 1–1.5% of anthropogenic CO₂. Chemical looping ammonia synthesis (CLAS) using nitride formation to activate nitrogen is an alternative to the Haber–Bosch approach and here the focus is on the kinetics of CLAS. Reaction order, reaction rate constant (<i>K</i>), and activation energy (<i>E</i>_a) at 550–800°C and atmospheric pressure were investigated. The order of reaction in nitrogen and hydrogen is estimated from 0.45 to 1.35, and 1.25 to 2.1 respectively. The optimum temperature to maximize the NH₃ production rate for CLAS using Mn at atmospheric pressure is estimated at 650°C. The possible mechanisms for CLAS based on Mn/Mn nitride at atmospheric pressure and elevated temperature are proposed here.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"639 - 655"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface Modification of Ce2S3 Decorated CeO2 Nanorods for Enhanced N2 Photofixation Performance","authors":"Huaiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Liang Bao,&nbsp;Jianbo Qi","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425600610","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425600610","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation using solar energy has garnered widespread attention. Herein, we report surface modifications of Ce₂S₃-decorated cubic CeO₂ nanorods, which enhance visible-light utilization and suppress electron-hole recombination. The modified samples exhibit improved N₂ photofixation rates exceeding 80 µmol <span>({text{g}}_{{{text{cat}}}}^{{ - 1}})</span> h^–1 under full-spectrum irradiation and 125 µmol <span>({text{g}}_{{{text{cat}}}}^{{ - 1}})</span> h^–1 under visible light without any additives. These enhancements stem from high concentration defects serving as active sites for N₂ reduction, facilitated by the unique heterostructure in Ce₂S₃/CeO₂ composites. Additionally, an upshifted Fermi level reduces the work function, accelerating electron transfer. This work provides a new strategy for developing more effective catalysts for N₂ fixation.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"734 - 743"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photocatalytic Hydrogen Production from Basic Solutions of Glycerol and Glucose: Kinetic Features and Their Mathematical Description","authors":"A. Yu. Kurenkova,&nbsp;D. V. Markovskaya,&nbsp;E. A. Kozlova","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425600506","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425600506","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The dependences of photocatalytic hydrogen production from basic solutions of glycerol and glucose over CuO_<i>x</i>/TiO₂ were studied. The relationship between the reaction rate and the alcohol concentration was approximated by the Langmuir–Hinshelwood equation. Based on the Langmuir–Hinshelwood equation and hypotheses about the role of NaOH in the reaction and its adsorption on the photocatalyst surface, different kinetic models were proposed. Among these models, the most suitable equations were selected and verified using previously reported data.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"725 - 733"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carbon Foam as a Support for Palladium Catalysts for Selective Hydrogenation of 2-Butyne-1,4-diol","authors":"O. B. Belskaya,&nbsp;M. V. Trenikhin,&nbsp;V. A. Likholobov","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425600750","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425600750","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The feasibility of using a new carbon material—open-cell carbon foam synthesized from hydrocarbon gas pyrolysis products—as a catalyst support was demonstrated. Modifying the cellular carbon foam by depositing pyrolytic carbon layers on its surface reduced surface defects and increased the material’s strength while maintaining its open-cell structure. Dispersed palladium particles uniformly distributed over the carbon support surface were obtained using the method of depositing palladium polyhydroxo complexes. The prepared catalyst was found to be promising for the selective hydrogenation of 2-butyne-1,4-diol to 2-butene-1,4-diol.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"708 - 716"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eco-Friendly Fischer Esterification Using Cation-Exchanged Montmorillonite as a Natural Heterogeneous Catalyst","authors":"Khawla Bouafina,&nbsp;Fatiha Belferdi,&nbsp;Farida Bouremmad,&nbsp;Ines Makhlouf,&nbsp;Houda Yennoune","doi":"10.1134/S0023158424602754","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158424602754","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study presents a simple, effective, inexpensive, and environmentally friendly method for synthesizing methyl salicylate via Fischer esterification using cation-exchanged montmorillonite (Mt) as a natural heterogeneous catalyst. Montmorillonite was modified with different cations to produce Mt–Co²⁺, Mt–Fe³⁺, Mt–Cr³⁺, and Mt–Fe²⁺. Characterization by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy equipped with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM–EDX) revealed that the cation-exchange process preserved the clay’s fundamental structure. The modified montmorillonite achieved higher conversions faster at milder temperatures, suggesting industrial catalytic potential. Methyl salicylate yields varied with the cation: Fe³⁺ (78%) and Cr³⁺ (77%) provided the highest yields, likely due to their stronger Lewis acidity, which enhances carbonyl group activation during esterification. These findings indicate that cation-exchanged montmorillonite holds promise as an industrial catalyst.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"633 - 638"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"White Poplar Leaf-Derived Solid Acid Catalysts for Efficient Catalytic Synthesis of Dihydropyrimidinones","authors":"Jixia Wang,&nbsp;Guangwu Zhang,&nbsp;Huize Zhang,&nbsp;Peilan Chen,&nbsp;Wenyan Li,&nbsp;Qiang Hu,&nbsp;Yaqiong Wang,&nbsp;Xinyu Bai,&nbsp;Miao He,&nbsp;Quanlu Yang,&nbsp;Shang Wu","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425600154","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425600154","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A carbon-based solid acid catalyst was successful prepared from white poplar leaves and <i>p</i>-toluenesulfonic acid in one-step proces. It could be used as catalyst for the coupling reaction of di-carbonyl compounds with urea and fatty aldehydes at 101°C in 4 h. The products of 3,4-dihydropyridine-2(1<i>H</i>)-ones (DHPMs) were isolated in good yields due to the high density of sulfonic acid groups (0.53 mmol/g). More importantly, the catalyst LP can be recycled at least eight times without significant decrease of catalytic activity. Facile operation, short reaction time, high activity and yields make the protocol to be a robust path to obtain dihydropyrimidinones.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"700 - 707"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tailoring the Secondary Porous Structure and Acidic Properties of Micro-mesoporous SAPO-11 by the Silica Source for Efficient Hydroisomerization of n-hexadecane","authors":"D. O. Bagdanova,&nbsp;D. V. Serebrennikov,&nbsp;N. A. Filippova,&nbsp;D. Sh. Sabirov,&nbsp;A. I. Malunov,&nbsp;O. S. Travkina,&nbsp;R. Z. Kuvatova,&nbsp;M. R. Agliullin","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425601044","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425601044","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The efficiency of hydroisomerization catalysts for higher <i>n</i>-paraffins based on SAPO-11 molecular sieve is significantly affected by diffusion limitations in the micropores, which reduces their activity, selectivity, and operational stability. To address this issue, this study investigates the influence of silicon sources with different dispersity (3, 20, 200 nm) on the physicochemical and catalytic properties of SAPO-11 synthesized using aluminum isopropoxide. The research employs a suite of characterization techniques, including X-ray fluorescence analysis, X-ray diffraction, ²⁹Si magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, nitrogen adsorption–desorption, ammonia temperature-programmed desorption, and infrared spectroscopy of adsorbed pyridine. It is demonstrated that a decrease in the size of the applied SiO₂ particles leads to an increase in the total concentration of acid sites, changes in morphology, a reduction in crystal size, and an alteration of the secondary porous structure properties. The SAPO-11 samples synthesized using a SiO₂ sol with an average particle size of 3 nm are characterized by the most developed hierarchical porous structure (<i>S</i>_BET = 269 m²/g, <i>S</i>_EX = 68 m²/g, <i>V</i>_meso = 0.14 cm³/g). The bifunctional catalysts based on the synthesized SAPO-11 materials were tested in the hydroisomerization of <i>n</i>-hexadecane. The silicoaluminophosphates synthesized using the SiO₂ sol with an average particle size of 3 nm provided the highest <i>n</i>-hexadecane conversion and C₁₆ isomer selectivity among the studied samples. This performance enabled a total yield of C₁₆ isomers exceeding 80%, which is attributed to a higher concentration and enhanced accessibility of strong acid sites. Thus, controlling the silicon source during the SAPO-11 synthesis is an effective strategy for the rational design of high-performance hydroisomerization catalysts for higher <i>n</i>-paraffins.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"778 - 789"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting the Ignition of Methane–Air Mixtures by Hydrogen Atoms Adsorbed on Coal Dust","authors":"V. V. Azatyan,&nbsp;V. M. Prokopenko,&nbsp;S. K. Abramov","doi":"10.1134/S0023158425601196","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S0023158425601196","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It was established that atomic hydrogen absorbed on coal dust, when in contact with a methane–air mixture, expanded the range of methane flame propagation, which was manifested by a decrease in the lower concentration limit. Coal dust with adsorbed atomic hydrogen intensified combustion and flame propagation. Under the conditions of the present experiment, methane ignited first. The observed patterns confirmed the basic tenets of the theory of heterogeneous development of reaction chains.</p>","PeriodicalId":682,"journal":{"name":"Kinetics and Catalysis","volume":"66 6","pages":"599 - 605"},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147579282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}