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Crack Behavior of Plain Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Sheets 碳纤维板加固素混凝土和钢筋混凝土构件的裂缝行为
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5670
H. Yoshizawa, Z. Wu
{"title":"Crack Behavior of Plain Concrete and Reinforced Concrete Members Strengthened with Carbon Fiber Sheets","authors":"H. Yoshizawa, Z. Wu","doi":"10.14359/5670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5670","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, uniaxial tension tests on CFS (carbon fiber sheet) strengthened concrete specimens with and without steel bar reinforcement and bending tests on CFS strengthened RC beams were conducted to examine the crack behavior in the concrete. The testing showed that the crack spacing of the uniaxial tension members strengthened with CFS was only slightly affected by the diameter of the reinforcing steel bars, the thickness of the concrete covering and the stiffness of the CFS. The crack spacing and the crack width both for tensile and the flexural members was significantly smaller when the CFS was used. And also the cracks were distributed in the plain concrete tension member without steel reinforcement strengthened with CFS. Finally, it was recognized that the tension stiffening effect is realized to be improved by the non-linear behavior of the CFS-concrete interface.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"796 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78870067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Long-Term Deflection of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Concrete Beams 纤维增强聚合物混凝土梁的长期挠曲
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5655
O. Joh, Zhanguang Wang, Y. Goto
{"title":"Long-Term Deflection of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Concrete Beams","authors":"O. Joh, Zhanguang Wang, Y. Goto","doi":"10.14359/5655","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5655","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of FRP material properties on the long-term deflection of concrete beams reinforced with FRP rods was investigated by the experiment of 17 beams reinforced by nine types of FRP rods and a beam reinforced by steel bars. Test results showed that the flexural stiffness of a cracked beam decreased rapidly with a reduction in tensile stiffness of the reinforcing rods. Compared to the short-term deflection of beams, the long-term deflection of the FRP reinforced concrete beams at one week after loading increased on average by 17 percent, and 57 percent at 10 months. The material properties of FRP rods had a great effect on the long-term deflection of beams. The long-term deflection increase of beams with GFRP was the smallest among all of the testes beams, and oppositely, the deflection increase of beams with AFRP was greater than the average. The rate of increase in deflection of the beams reinforced with braided rods was about 10 percent smaller than that of beams with smaller rods. Contrasting, the rate of deflection increase of beams with ribbed rods was about 10 percent greater than that of beams with spiral rods.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"54 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90815773","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Fatigue Behavior of Composite Reinforcement for Concrete Structures 混凝土结构复合钢筋的疲劳性能
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5652
E. Ferrier, H. Nasseri, P. Hamelin
{"title":"Fatigue Behavior of Composite Reinforcement for Concrete Structures","authors":"E. Ferrier, H. Nasseri, P. Hamelin","doi":"10.14359/5652","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5652","url":null,"abstract":"The external bonding of FRP to concrete beam is an effective method in order to increase the structural capacity of such beams. The test under fatigue loading of RC beam reinforced with FRP shows that the strengthening of beam with carbon epoxy composite increases fatigue durability. To design composite reinforcement for a RC beam under fatigue solicitation, one has to determine the mechanical behavior of each material and above all, of the concrete composite interface. We have carried out a set of tests with fatigue solicitation on the concrete/composite interface and a set of tests on composite plate. Those tests set up the fatigue life for several levels of shear stress in the interface and in the composite plate and so allow to assess the maximum fatigue stress curve. The second part of the work is based on the information obtained from the first one to design the reinforcement. The design of the composite reinforcement is determined by a software developed by O. Hamelin and H. Nasseri using a non-linear calculation method. The design method of those reinforcements is based on classical methods used for RC structures, taking into account the slip phenomena at the interface and considering the mechanical behavior of each material. Suitable range of stress for concrete, steel, composite and interface are determined to predict the fatigue life of the reinforced concrete beams. So, the load range for the test on the beam is set up. Safety factors are determined for the structure loading.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"18 4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82921364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 12
"Deterioration of Aramid, Glass, and Carbon Fibers Due to Alkali, Acid, and Water in Different Temperatures" 在不同温度下碱、酸和水对芳纶、玻璃纤维和碳纤维的腐蚀
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5650
T. Uomoto, T. Nishimura
{"title":"\"Deterioration of Aramid, Glass, and Carbon Fibers Due to Alkali, Acid, and Water in Different Temperatures\"","authors":"T. Uomoto, T. Nishimura","doi":"10.14359/5650","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5650","url":null,"abstract":"This paper clarifies, experimentally, the degradation of aramid fiber, glass fiber and carbon fiber, used as reinforcement for concrete, in various solutions (alkaline solution, hydrochloric acid aqueous solution and pure water) at different temperatures. A calculation model is proposed to estimate the progress of the degradation by the solution. The accelerated degradation test, immersing fibers in several solutions, was carried out at the temperatures of 20, 40 and 60 degrees Celsius and the strength of the fiber after the immersion test was examined. Observation of the fibers was carried out by scanning electron microscope (SEM) in order to clarify the degradation of the fibers. As a result of this study, the strength changes of Kevlar 49 and Technora were quantitatively estimated using the weakest link theory of Weibull.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82334968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 23
Post-Strengthening of Concrete Slabs 混凝土板后加固
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5703
V. Karbhari, F. Seible, W. Seim, Álvaro Vásquez
{"title":"Post-Strengthening of Concrete Slabs","authors":"V. Karbhari, F. Seible, W. Seim, Álvaro Vásquez","doi":"10.14359/5703","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5703","url":null,"abstract":"Upgrading often becomes a necessity due to changes in usage of buildings due to factors such as deterioration and aging, change in occupancy, or the need for installation of facilities such as air-conditioning, heating, escalators, elevators, additional skylights, or new facade structures. In a number of cases upgrading is related to changes which affect the load bearing components of the structure. Fiber reinforced polymer matrix composites provide an efficient means of bond strengthening slabs for enhanced load carrying capacity and for strengthening slabs after installation of cut-outs. This paper reports on a series of tests conducted to assess the comparative efficiencies of a commercially available strip form and a fabric form of material vis-a-vis strengthening ability and ductility. It is shown that material tailoring can result in significant changes in efficiencies. The extension of this to the rehabilitation of cut-outs is also detailed and aspects of an on-going full-scale test program in that area are elucidated.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82575019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 11
Seismic Performance of Hybrid Reinforced Concrete Circular Columns Confined in Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Tube 芳纶纤维增强聚合物管约束下混杂钢筋混凝土圆柱的抗震性能
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5698
T. Yamakawa, H. Satoh, P. Zhong
{"title":"Seismic Performance of Hybrid Reinforced Concrete Circular Columns Confined in Aramid Fiber Reinforced Polymer Tube","authors":"T. Yamakawa, H. Satoh, P. Zhong","doi":"10.14359/5698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5698","url":null,"abstract":"This paper summarizes the recent research developments of a new structural concept for the design of the hybrid RC circular columns confined in aramid fiber reinforced polymer (AFRP) tube impregnated with epoxy. The AFRP tubes have the dual function of stay-in-place formwork and transverse reinforcement for the structural elements. Although the AFRP tube is not structural member by itself, it will turn into an important seismic resistance member by hybridizing the AFRP tube and the RC column. However, in this lateral cyclic loading test under a constant axial force the bond splitting happened on these specimens for lack of bond strength because high strength and large diameter longitudinal reinforcement were arranged excessively. If the hybrid RC columns confined in AFRP tube prevented the bond splitting failure from happening, their high seismic performance could be expected.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74655780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Columns Retrofitted with Composite-Materials Jackets 复合材料护套加固钢筋混凝土柱抗震性能试验研究
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5628
Aihui Zhang, T. Yamakawa, P. Zhong, T. Oka
{"title":"Experimental Study on Seismic Performance of Reinforced Concrete Columns Retrofitted with Composite-Materials Jackets","authors":"Aihui Zhang, T. Yamakawa, P. Zhong, T. Oka","doi":"10.14359/5628","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5628","url":null,"abstract":"In order to improve seismic performance of existing R/C buildings which were designed on the basis of the old seismic design code before 1981, the various retrofitting methods have been proposed, especially after the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake happened in 1995 in Japan. In this study, an experimental study was conducted to examine the seismic performance of existing R/C columns retrofitted with composite-materials such as carbon fiber or aramid fiber sheets. Quantity, retrofitting types and kinds of continuous fiber sheets were adopted as the experimental variables. As a result, by retrofitting columns with continuous fiber sheets, the failure mode of the columns changed from shear failure to flexural one. However, if the ply of continuous fiber sheets is not enough, the columns collapse because of hinge region concrete crashing just after longitudinal rebar yielding and its ductility is poor. Therefore, to make R/C column retrofitted with fiber sheets have good ductility, the fiber sheets should have a certain amount of membrane stiffness.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82193278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
Long-Term Behavior of Concrete Beams Prestressed with Carbon Fiber Tendons 碳纤维预应力混凝土梁的长期性能研究
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5653
A. Braimah, M. Green, K. Soudki, F. Clapp
{"title":"Long-Term Behavior of Concrete Beams Prestressed with Carbon Fiber Tendons","authors":"A. Braimah, M. Green, K. Soudki, F. Clapp","doi":"10.14359/5653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5653","url":null,"abstract":"Much research has been conducted on the short-term behavior of concrete members prestressed with FRP tendons, but relatively little is known about the long-term behavior of these members. This lack of knowledge is one important factor hindering the widespread use of FRP for prestressing. Therefore, a comprehensive study of the long-term response of FRP prestressed concrete members is necessary before FRP can gain acceptance as a viable construction material. This paper describes a part of an on-going test program to investigate the long-term behavior of CFRP prestressed concrete beams. The scope of the program includes eight large-scale T-beams constructed with different levels of prestress. The study considers fully prestressed and partially prestressed sections. For the long-term tests, the specimens are subjected to a sustained loading, higher than the cracking load of the partially prestressed members, maintained constant for several months (about 10,000 hours). The results of the long-term test show similar behavior between beams prestressed with CFRP tendons and that prestressed with steel strands. The ratio of long-term to instantaneous deflection was higher for beams prestressed with CFRP tendons than for the beam prestressed with steel strands. The overall deflection of the CFRP tendons was however smaller than that of the steel prestressed beams.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"94 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86207471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Myriad Convention Center Floor System Reinforcement 万利亚会议中心地板系统加固
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5702
T. Hogue, R. C. Cornforth, A. Nanni
{"title":"Myriad Convention Center Floor System Reinforcement","authors":"T. Hogue, R. C. Cornforth, A. Nanni","doi":"10.14359/5702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5702","url":null,"abstract":"It was determined that additional flexural strength, ductility and crack-control and shear strength were needed in the Myriad convention center unbonded post-tensioned street-level floor system. Fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) reinforcement was designed to correct the insufficiencies. The challenge in the project, aside from the mechanics unique to FRP reinforcement, was to present the design in such a way as to allow and encourage as many bidders as possible to bid on the construction. In particular, since there are no standardized properties for any given type of FRP, the possibility that not all bids would involve the same properties had to be accommodated--especially in the flexural design. Generally, for each strengthening location, two flexural designs were completed: one giving required FRP force level at minimum ultimate FRP strain and one required FRP force level on concrete crushing at the limit state of failure, the latter associated FRP ultimate strain termed \"High Threshold\" ultimate strain. Required force level for any ultimate strain could then be obtained by linear interpolation. Ability to use FRP for shear reinforcement was limited due to low available beam stem development length. Both glass, with restrictions, and carbon FRP were allowed for shear reinforcement.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86893118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 22
Concrete Columns Reinforced by Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Rods 玻璃纤维增强聚合物棒加固混凝土柱
玻璃钢 Pub Date : 1999-08-01 DOI: 10.14359/5614
S. Alsayed, Y. Al-Salloum, T. Almusallam, M. Amjad
{"title":"Concrete Columns Reinforced by Glass Fiber Reinforced Polymer Rods","authors":"S. Alsayed, Y. Al-Salloum, T. Almusallam, M. Amjad","doi":"10.14359/5614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5614","url":null,"abstract":"A total of 15 concrete columns were cast and tested to investigate the influence of replacing longitidunal and/or tie steel bars by an equal volume of amount of glass fiber reinforced polymers (GFRP) bars on the behavior of concrete columns. The columns were subjected to concentric monotonic axial loading. The concrete block for all columns was 459X250X1200 mm. The results indicated that replacing the longitudinal steel bars by GPRP bars reduced the axial capacity of the column by 13%. The results also showed that regardless of the type of the longitudinal bars, replacing the steel ties by GFRP ties reduced the axial capacity of the column by 10%. However, the study revealed that replacing the steel ties by GFRP had, up to about 80% of the ultimate load, no influence on the load axial shortening curve. Furthermore, the results indicated that the currently used ACT formula to estimate the axial capacity of the column overestimated the actual capacity of the column reinforced longitudinally and or transversely by GFRP bars.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82463430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 38
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