{"title":"Evaluation and Standardization of Mechanical Test Methods for Continuous Fiber Sheet in Japan","authors":"N. Matsumoto, T. Harada, K. Yagi","doi":"10.14359/5611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5611","url":null,"abstract":"Discussion on the evaluation and standardization of test methods to obtain the material properties of continuous fiber sheets, which is applied to the repair and strengthening of concrete structures, have been conducted from 1998 in a working party of a research committee in the Japan Society of Civil Engineers. Among the mechanical and durability test methods to be standardized, the current discussions on the tension and bond test methods are introduced in this paper. As for the tension test, a new method to make the specimen to cope with large-tow or thick-yarn continuous fiber sheet is proposed and is to be adopted as one of the standard speciments. The variation of strengths depending on the different test specimens is discussed based on test results and a numerical analysis. As for the bond test, many elaborate test methods have been proposed but the simplicity is regarded very important for design application. Then a simple test method is proposed as the standard method and a simplified evaluation method on bond strength is introduced.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76348161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Design Guidelines for Concrete Beams Prestressed with Partially-Bonded Fiber Reinforced Plastic Tendons","authors":"J. Lees, C. Burgoyne","doi":"10.14359/5673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5673","url":null,"abstract":"The bond between an aramid fiber reinforced plastic (AFRP) tendon and concrete has a significant effect on the flexural behavior of a concrete beam pre-tensioned with AFRP. In particular, the performance of beams with prestressed AFRP tendons can be enhanced by the use of partially-bonded tendons. Two types of partial bond are possible; intermittent bond, where sections of the tendon are alternately bonded and debonded from the concrete, and adhesive bond, where the tendon is coated with a resin of known, low shear strength. However, the choice between these methods, and the determination of the values of the various parameters required are not trivial problems. It is found that a major obstacle in the development of a generalized design procedure for the partially-bonded beams is the uncertainty regarding the rotation at which the concrete will fail. Nevertheless, insight into design aspects of the intermittently-bonded and adhesively-bonded beams is gained and a design methodology is proposed.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75081617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Accelerated and Natural Weathering of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic Bars","authors":"P. Vijay, H. Gangarao","doi":"10.14359/5657","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5657","url":null,"abstract":"Strength and stiffness properties of Glass Fiber Reinforced Plastic (GFRP) bars under various conditioning schemes with and without the application of sustained loads are described in this paper. Alkaline conditioning was more detrimental to the strength of GFRP bars as compared to salt conditioning. Increasing temperatures and stress resulted in a corresponding decrease in the strength of GFRP bars. Based on accelerated test results calibrated with respect to naturally aged results it is safe to include that the service life of the FRP bars with durable low viscosity urethane modified vinylester resin is about 60 years as a minimum with 20% sustained stress on the bar. Concrete cover protection on the GFRP bars enhanced the service life up to an additional 60 years.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"162 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84996893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flexural and Shear Performance of Concrete Beams Strengthened with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Laminates","authors":"D. Kachlakev, W. Barnes","doi":"10.14359/5690","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5690","url":null,"abstract":"Fiber Reinforce Polymer (FRP) composites are a very promising alternative to the use of traditional materials and methods in the repair and strengthening of under-designed or deteriorating structures. While most results indicate that strengthening with FRP is very effective, the wide variety of testing techniques used among researchers make it very difficult to compare results. Objectives of this research were to gain a broader understanding of FRP's effects on the failure modes and performance of reinforced concrete beams, to investigate a variety of strengthening schemes, and to validate current design methods used for shear and flexural strengthening of reinforced concrete members. This was achieved by comparing a variety of FRP systems under similar conditions. The seventy-one specimens tested exhibited a variety of failure modes depending on the strengthening scheme, thickness of the laminates, and material (carbon or glass fibers). The beam failure modes showed strong dependency on the FRP thickness. As the thickness of the composite laminate increased, debonding or concrete shear failure dominated. The effectiveness of FRP reinforcement was studied as a function of FRP rigidity and the effective strains developed in the fibers.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72815909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Matthew Mettemeyer, P. Serra, Michael D. Wuerthele, G. Schuster, A. Nanni
{"title":"Shear Load Testing of Carbon Fiber Reinforced Polymer Strengthened Double Tee Beams in Precast Parking Garage","authors":"Matthew Mettemeyer, P. Serra, Michael D. Wuerthele, G. Schuster, A. Nanni","doi":"10.14359/5696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5696","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discussed the procedure and results from in-situ load tests performed on strengthened double tee beams in a precast parking garage. The tests were performed to evaluate and confirm the performance of the double tees after the members had been strengthened in shear. Carbon FRP sheets were used as shear reinforcement at a 0/90 degree combination on the stem of each double tee. Load tests were performed on twenty double tees at various locations and floor levels of the parking structure. Each complete load test, including assembling and dismantling of the test equipment, was completed in approximately three hours. Results indicate that the shear strengthening systems increased the capacity of the double tee beams to meet the design load requirements.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73183431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Study on Bond-Slip Behavior of Longitudinal Bars in Reinforced Concrete Beams Confined with Fiber Reinforced Polymer Sheets","authors":"S. Kono, Kazunari Matsuno, T. Kaku","doi":"10.14359/5635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5635","url":null,"abstract":"Twenty cantilever type specimens and four beam specimens were tested to evaluate the bond behavior in reinforced concrete members confined with carbon or aramid FRP sheets. The main test variables were the vertical depth, the diameter and the number of longitudinal bars, and the type and the amount of FRP sheets. The test results showed that the confined specimens had higher bond strength, larger peak load slip displacement and lesser bond degradation after the peak than their unconfined prototype counterparts. Based on the test results, an equation was developed to predict the increase in bond strength due to the FRP sheet confinement. That increase was expressed similarly to that due to transverse steel reinforcement except that the elastic modulus of the FRP sheet was validated using results of column specimens tested in other research institutes and by cantilever and beam specimens test by authors. It was proved that as long as the bond strength of an unconfined prototype specimen is evaluated properly, the total bond strength of confined specimens can be predicted accurately using the proposed equation although the limitations of the proposed equation still need to be clarified.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"261 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74519357","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Durability of Fiber Reinforced Polymer Reinforcement Embedded in Concrete","authors":"K. Sekijima, Y. Otsuka, T. Konno","doi":"10.14359/5649","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5649","url":null,"abstract":"Many pretensioning prestressed concrete (PC) beams using the grid glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) reinforcements as prestressing tendons were manufactured. The initial prestressing forces were selected at various levels, namely from 0 to 52.5% of the tensile capacity of the grid GFRP reinforcement. Then, the PC beams were left outdoors for a long time, namely from seven to eight years. Thereafter, they were demolished to take the grid GFRP reinforcements out. First, these tests on tensile properties of the grid GFRP reinforcements were carried out. Their residual tensile capacities decreased only a little, and moreover, their residual tensile rigidities did not change. Then, the cross sections of the glass fibers of the grid GFRP reinforcements were observed with a scanning ele3ctron microscope (SEM). The cross sections remained real circular and the glass fibers were not attacked by alkali of concrete.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79113258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Properties of Fiber Reinforced Plastics at Elevated Temperatures with Regard to Fire Resistance of Reinforced Concrete Members","authors":"Hendrik Blontrock, L. Taerwe, S. Matthys","doi":"10.14359/5612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5612","url":null,"abstract":"As part of a research project on \"Fire resistance of concrete elements strengthened with externally bonded FRP reinforcement\", a synthesis report is presented on the influence of elevated temperatures on the thermal and mechanical properties of FRP materials and resins, and on the influence of elevated temperatures on the behavior of the interface between concrete and FRP. Also a survey of the results of fire tests on FRP strengthened or reinforced concrete members is given.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85349885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Strengthening Effect of Reinforced Concrete Elements with Polyacetal Fiber Sheets","authors":"C. Iihoshi, H. Fukuyama, Y. Matsumoto, S. Abe","doi":"10.14359/5662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5662","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the strengthening effect of RC elements with newly developed polyacetal-fiber (PAF) sheets. Typical properties of the polyacetal fiber obtained by drawing polyoxymethylene as a material for strengthening, are high strength, high strain capacity, high resistance to shear force, light weight and easy to handle by preformability. Polyacetal fiber reinforced special epoxy-resin that is optimized for this fiber, offers an outstanding combination of properties not available from steel and other high strength fibers, such as glass, aramid and carbon fibers which are used for the seismic retrofit of concrete structures. The advantages realized were the overall cost savings and strengthening of RC elements in one day, conditionally. Tests conducted to investigate the strengthening effect of concrete elements with polyacetal FRP are introduced in this paper. The loading tests were performed on 14 RC columns. The objective of the lateral loading tests is to investigate the shear and ductility strengthening effect with polyacetal FRP, and to clarify the possibility of this FRP as a material for seismic retrofit. The research work shows the prominent validity of concrete elements post-strengthened with polyacetal fiber for shear strength and ductility.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"60 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91485870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bond Splitting Behavior of Continuous Fiber Reinforced Concrete Members","authors":"T. Sakai, T. Kanakubo, K. Yonemaru, H. Fukuyama","doi":"10.14359/5701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14359/5701","url":null,"abstract":"For the purpose of investigating the bond splitting behavior of continuous fiber reinforced concrete (CFRC) members, two series of investigations were conducted. The first series was performed in order to obtain the local bond behavior in the case of splitting failure of the concrete over members with or without lateral reinforcements. For specimens without lateral reinforcement, test results show that the bond splitting strength is not influenced by the Young's nodulus of reinforcement and that it is approximately proportional to the thickness of the cover concrete. On the other hand, for specimens with lateral reinforcement, the local bond splitting strength is greater than the case where there is no lateral reinforcement. The strength is also dependent of the mechanical property of the lateral reinforcement and is determined solely by the thickness of concrete cover. For both types, a new relationship between the bond stress and the slip reinforcements is proposed. The second series was an analytical study to investigate the average bond behavior of CFRC members, which had several bond lengths and Young's moduli. Analytical results show that in the case of large bond lengths, the analytical bond splitting strength is inversely proportional to the bond length and is clearly influenced by the Young's modulus of the reinforcement. It is considered that continuous bond failure from the loaded end causes a remarkable decrease in the bond strength especially for large bond lengths and low Young's moduli.","PeriodicalId":68258,"journal":{"name":"玻璃钢","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84666276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}