Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies最新文献

{"title":"Propagation of Galactic Cosmic Rays in the Heliosphere during Minimum Solar Activity Periods","authors":"Yu. I. Fedorov","doi":"10.3103/S088459132402003X","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S088459132402003X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on the cosmic ray transport equation, the propagation of charged high-energy particles in heliospheric magnetic fields is considered. The transport equation solution is found in the approximation of low anisotropy in the angular distribution of particles. The energy distribution of galactic cosmic rays at a heliopause is used as a boundary condition. The energy spectrum of cosmic rays in a local interstellar space is considered to be known due to the outstanding results of space missions (Pioneer, Voyager, PAMELA, AMS-02, etc.). The flux density of cosmic rays is calculated in the periods of different solar magnetic polarity. It is shown that the intensity of galactic cosmic rays in positive magnetic polarity periods is maximum near the helioequator. In the periods when the interplanetary magnetic field has a negative polarity, the intensity of cosmic rays decreases with increasing heliolatitude.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 2","pages":"64 - 76"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141061710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Analysis of Bandgaps in the Spectrum of Acoustic-Gravity Waves in an Isothermal Atmosphere","authors":"Y. O. Klymenko,&nbsp;A. K. Fedorenko,&nbsp;E. I. Kryuchkov,&nbsp;S. V. Melnychuk,&nbsp;I. T. Zhuk","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324020053","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324020053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The entire spectrum of acoustic-gravity waves (AGWs), which can exist in an infinite isothermal atmosphere, is analyzed. The main attention in the study has been paid to those regions of the spectrum that are bandgaps for freely propagating waves. However, other types of waves that differ from the freely propagating AGWs in the way of propagation and in properties still may exist in these regions. Different types of bandgaps in the acoustic-gravity wave spectrum, which are found from the analysis of the dispersion equation obtained in the model of the infinite isothermal atmosphere, are studied. Classification of the types of bandgap regions in the AGW spectrum is proposed. The structure and the localization of the bandgaps relative to the regions of freely propagating waves and special points in the bandgaps of the AGW spectrum are studied using the corresponding spectral diagrams. In the bandgap region of type I, which separates the acoustic and gravity bands of freely propagating AGWs, horizontal waves with a purely imaginary value of the vertical wavenumber can exist. In the AGW spectrum, the possibility of the existence of special acoustic-gravity modes for which one of the perturbed quantities is zero has been considered and it is shown that they can exist only in the spectral bandgap of type I. A spectral bandgap in which vertical acoustic-gravity waves with a purely imaginary value of the horizontal wavenumber can exist was also analyzed. A spectral region in which the existence of acoustic-gravity waves is impossible but atmospheric oscillations may occur is also taken into consideration in this study. The properties of wave solutions in various types of spectral bandgaps, including the peculiarities of polarization ratios, are also analyzed. The theoretical analysis of spectral bandgap regions of AGWs can be used for the experimental search of new types of wave solutions in the atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 2","pages":"55 - 63"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141061774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating Attraction Zones in the Photogravitational Four-Body Problem: Effects of Asteroid Belt and Small Perturbations in Coriolis and Centrifugal Forces","authors":"Vinay Kumar,&nbsp;Nitesh Kumar","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324020065","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324020065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this study, we have examined the effects of small perturbations on the Coriolis force and centrifugal force in the photogravitational restricted four-body problem within the circular asteroid belt. We investigate the existence, parametric evolution, and stability of equilibrium points considering various parameters. Our findings reveal that a small perturbation in the centrifugal force significantly influences the location of equilibrium points, while a perturbation in the Coriolis force has no impact on their location. To illustrate the permissible region of motion for the infinitesimal mass relative to the Jacobi constant, we plot the zero-velocity curves. Furthermore, we conduct a comprehensive analysis to determine the influence of the Coriolis force (<span>(alpha )</span>) and centrifugal force (<span>(beta )</span>) on the geometry of the basins of convergence (BoCs). In order to quantify the unpredictability of the BoCs, we thoroughly study the basin entropy. Significantly, we have found the presence of unpredictable (fractal) regions in close proximity to the boundaries of the basins of convergence.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 2","pages":"88 - 104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141061746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Characteristic Properties of Solar Activity in Solar Cycle 24","authors":"Kaan Kaplan","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324020041","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324020041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Solar cycle 24 began in December 2008 and ended in December 2019. Maximum of solar cycle 24 occurred in April 2014. Magnetic field intensity has been reported via data from the Wilcox Solar Observatory. Sunspot numbers are reported via the data from WDC-SILSO, Royal Observatory of Belgium. Sunspot area distribution was determined using the data from the Max Planck Institute. Flare Index intensity is indicated, and the data recorded by the Kandilli Observatory at Bogazici University is presented. Hemisphere asymmetries in terms of sunspots and solar flare index are calculated. The number of solar flares that occur at the highest intensity (X-class) during this cycle are presented, the data for which from the NOAA/SWPC. The characteristics of Coronal Mass Ejections are given, as determined using the LASCO coronagraph operating on the SOHO mission. Solar radio flux distribution and comparison with previous cycles was studied using data from Space Weather Canada.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 2","pages":"105 - 115"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141061772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propagation of Acoustic-Gravity Waves in Inhomogeneous Wind Flows of the Polar Atmosphere","authors":"A. K. Fedorenko,&nbsp;E. I. Kryuchkov,&nbsp;O. K. Cheremnykh,&nbsp;S. V. Melnychuk","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324010045","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324010045","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The satellite observations of acoustic-gravity waves (AGW) in the polar atmosphere regions indicate that these waves are closely related with wind flows. This paper deals with the specific features of the propagation of acoustic-gravity waves in spatially inhomogeneous wind flows, wherein the velocity is slowly changed in the horizontal direction. A system of hydrodynamic equations taking into account the wind flow with spatial inhomogeneity is used for analysis. Unlike the system of equations written for a stationary medium (or a medium moving at a uniform velocity), the derived system contains the components describing the interaction of waves with a medium. It is shown that the effect of inhomogeneous background medium parameters can be separated from the effects of inertial forces by a special substitution of variables. An analytical expression describing the change in the amplitude of waves in a medium moving at a nonuniform velocity is derived. This expression contains two functional dependences: (1) the linear part, which is caused by the changes in the background parameters of a medium and independent of the propagation direction of waves with respect to the flow, and (2) the exponential part, which is related with inertial forces and characterizes the dependence of the amplitudes of acoustic-gravity waves on the direction of their propagation. The exponential part shows an increase in the amplitudes of waves in the headwind and a decrease in their amplitudes in the downwind. The derived theoretical dependence of the amplitudes of acoustic-gravity waves on the wind velocity is in good agreement with the data of the satellite observations of these waves in the polar atmosphere.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 1","pages":"15 - 23"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Developing the Models of Acoustic-Gravity Waves in the Upper Atmosphere (Review)","authors":"O. K. Cheremnykh,&nbsp;A. K. Fedorenko,&nbsp;E. I. Kryuchkov,&nbsp;Y. O. Klymenko,&nbsp;I. T. Zhuk","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324010021","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324010021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The results of the authors’ studies of acoustic-gravity waves (AGW) in the upper Earth’s atmosphere for recent years are presented. The work was generally aimed at the development of theoretical AGW models taking into account the real atmosphere properties and the verification of these models by spacecraft measurement data. The possibility of the existence of new evanescent acoustic-gravity wave types was theoretically shown; in particular, a previously unknown inelastic mode and a family of evanescent pseudo-modes were revealed. The possibility of observing evanescent modes on the Sun and in the Earth’s atmosphere was analyzed. The specific features of the propagation of acoustic-gravity waves at the interface between two isothermal half-spaces with different temperatures depending on their spectral parameters and the temperature jump magnitude at the interface were studied. The peculiarities of the interaction of acoustic-gravity waves with spatially inhomogeneous atmospheric flows were also investigated. The observed effects resulting from such interaction were analyzed to reveal the wave propagation azimuths, the change in their amplitudes, and the effect of blocking in the counterflow. The effect of vertical nonisothermicity on the propagation of acoustic-gravity waves, including the modification of acoustic and gravitational regions depending on the temperature, was studied. Based on the modified Navier-Stokes and heat-transfer equations, the effect of attenuation on the propagation of acoustic-gravity waves in the atmosphere was analyzed. The specific features of the viscous attenuation of different evanescent AGW types in the atmosphere were considered. The rotation of the atmosphere was shown to result in the modification of the continuous spectrum of evanescent AGWs with frequencies exceeding the Coriolis parameter.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Effects of the Kyiv Meteoroid: 3","authors":"L. F. Chernogor","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324010033","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324010033","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Comprehensive simulation of a number of main processes induced in all geospheres by the fall and explosion of the Kyiv meteoroid on April 19, 2023, have been conducted. Magnetic, electrical, electromagnetic, ionospheric, and seismic effects and the effects of acoustic gravity waves have been assessed. The magnetic effect of the ionospheric currents and the current in the wake of the meteoroid could be considerably large (approximately 0.4–0.7 nT). Owing to the capture of electrons in the atmospheric gravity wave field, the magnetic effect can reach the levels of 0.6–6 nT. Under the influence of an external electric field, a transient current pulse with a current strength of up to approximately 10²–10³ A can arise. The electrostatic effect can be accompanied by the accumulation of an electric charge of approximately 1–6 mC, which produces the electric field strength of approximately 10 MV/m. The flow of the electric current in the meteoroid wake can give rise to generation of an electromagnetic pulse in the 10–100 kHz band with an electric field strength in the range of 1–10 V/m. The electromagnetic effect of infrasound could be substantial (approximately 0.6–6 V/m and approximately 2–20 nT). The absorption of the shock wave at the ionospheric dynamo region altitudes (approximately 100–150 km) can generate secondary atmospheric gravity waves with a relative amplitude of approximately 0.1%. The fall of the meteoroid produced a plasma wake not only in the lower atmosphere but also in the upper atmosphere at altitudes of not less than 1000 km. The possibility of the appearance of an electrophonic effect is unlikely. The possibilities of generating the ion and magnetic sound by infrasound and generating gradient drift and drift dissipative instabilities seem to be unlikely as well. The magnetic, electrical, and electromagnetic effects dealt with in this study partially fill up gaps in the theory of physical effects produced by meteoroids in the Earth–atmosphere–ionosphere–magnetosphere system. The magnitudes of magnetic, electrical, electromagnetic, ionospheric, and acoustic effects are significant. The magnitude of the earthquake caused by the meteoroid explosion did not exceed one. The mean rate of recurrence of the fall of celestial bodies similar to the Kyiv meteoroid equals 32.3 yr^–1, i.e., one event in 11 days.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 1","pages":"24 - 39"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140016931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propagation of the IGb14 Reference Frame on the Territory of Ukraine Based on Results of the Analysis of GNSS Observations for GPS Weeks 2106–2237","authors":"O. Khoda","doi":"10.3103/S0884591324010057","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591324010057","url":null,"abstract":"<p>From May 17, 2020 to November 26, 2022 (GPS weeks 2106–2237) all products of the International GNSS Service (IGS)—precise ephemerides of GPS and GLONASS satellites, coordinates and velocities of permanent GNSS stations, etc.—were based on the IGb14 reference frame, the second IGS realization of the release of the International Terrestrial Reference Frame ITRF2014. Observations of GNSS satellites at permanent stations located in Ukraine and in Eastern Europe for this period were processed in the GNSS Data Analysis Centre of the Main Astronomical Observatory (MAO) NAS of Ukraine. The processing was carried out with the <i>Bernese GNSS Software ver. 5.2</i> according to the requirements of the EUREF Permanent GNSS Network (EPN), that were relevant at that time. In total, observations on 344 GNSS stations, including 273 Ukrainian stations belonging to the following operators of GNSS networks: MAO NAS of Ukraine, StateGeoCadastre of Ukraine (UPN GNSS), PJSC System Solutions (System.NET), NU Lviv Polytechnic (GeoTerrace), Navigation and Geodetic Center (NGC.net), Kiev Institute of Land Relations (KyivPOS), Coordinate navigation maintenance system of Ukraine (NET.Spacecenter), E.P.S. LLC, UA–EUPOS/ZAKPOS, TNT TPI company (RTKHUB Network), and KMC LLC, were processed. The IGb14 reference frame was set by No-Net-Translation conditions on the coordinates of the EPN Class A stations from the EPN C2130 catalogue. As result, the station coordinates in the IGb14 reference frame and the zenith tropospheric delays for all stations were estimated. The mean repeatabilities for components of station coordinates for all weeks (the characteristics of the precision of the received daily and weekly solutions) are in the following ranges: for north component—from 0.62 to 1.35 mm (the average value is 0.98 mm), for east component—from 0.73 to 1.45 mm (the average value is 1.09 mm) with outliers of 2.39 and 1.81 mm for GPS weeks 2159 and 2168 respectively, for height component—from 2.52  to 6.36 mm (the average value is 3.89 mm).</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"40 1","pages":"47 - 53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140017148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modification of Inertia Resulting from a Hubble-Scale Casimir Effect Contradicts Classical Inertia","authors":"W. Dickmann,&nbsp;J. Dickmann","doi":"10.3103/S0884591323060041","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591323060041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Inertia is one of the most vivid and at the same time puzzling physical properties of bodies. As an equivalence between inertial and gravitational mass in general relativity, there is still no experimentally confirmed quantum mechanical description of inertia. There is great hope for such a description, as it could possibly elucidate cosmological anomalies and provide the missing link between relativistic theories and quantum mechanics. In this work, we refute the explanation of inertia by the concept of Modification of inertia resulting from a Hubble-scale Casimir effect (MiHsC) or Quantized Inertia (QI).</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"39 6","pages":"356 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138491199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perturbations in Coriolis and Centrifugal Forces and N-R Basins of Convergence of Photogravitational Magnetic-Binary Problem with Variable Mass","authors":"Vinay Kumar,&nbsp; Sawan Kumar Marig","doi":"10.3103/S0884591323060065","DOIUrl":"10.3103/S0884591323060065","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we have investigated the effect of small perturbations in the Coriolis (ϕ) and centrifugal (ψ) forces in the Photogravitational magnetic binary problem including the effect of third body as variable mass. The objective of this work is to analyse the effect of ψ and other parameters (magnetic moments (λ) and radiation pressure (<i>q</i>)) on the existence and evolution of equilibrium points, basins of convergence (BoC), degree of unpredictability in BoC. In addition, to examine the effect of ϕ and ψ (in the presence of other parameters) on the stability of equilibrium points are also one of the aspect of this work. For different values of parameters, a total number of cases of non-collinear equilibrium points are 3, 5 and 7. The effect of various parameters on the evolution of equilibrium points are explained with the help of graphs. All non-collinear equilibrium points are found to be unstable for permissible range of parameters present in this model. The change in geometry of BoC’s is also shown and explained using graphs. The effect of ψ, <i>q</i> and λ on the degree of unpredictability in BoC’s is examined using the method of basin entropy. It is found that for the complete range of λ and <i>q</i>, the BoC’s are in fractal region. Also, for the values of ψ = 1.37, 1.38 and 1.40 to 1.44, the boundaries of BoC’s are in non-fractal region.</p>","PeriodicalId":681,"journal":{"name":"Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies","volume":"39 6","pages":"325 - 341"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138491201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}