食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)最新文献

{"title":"Food Physics as One of the Dominant Parts of the Interdisciplinary Science of the XXI Century","authors":"A. Szabo, P. László","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.02.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.02.003","url":null,"abstract":"The forming and establishment of rather new fields in the science is a normal process, carried out dominantly by 2 ways: differentiation and integration. This fact of development is typical for food physics, as well. The paper deals with the following topics: (1) food physics as an interdisciplinary science; (2) help for nutrition science from side of food physics; (3) development trends of food physics (Quo Vadis Cibus Physicorum?); (4) is it true, that without high level of knowledge in physics the food engineers cannot fulfill the expectations of modern food processing technologies?","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48118855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Carcass Traits and Organoleptic Properties of Weaner Rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) Fed Cooked Rubber Seed Meal-based Diets","authors":"K. D. Afolabi, Philo Olotie Orimoloye, P. Fakolade, S. B. Akinleye","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.002","url":null,"abstract":": The carcass traits and organoleptic properties of meat obtained from crossbred weaner rabbits fed cooked rubber seed meal (CRSM)-based diets were investigated. The rabbits were reared in hutches placed under mature rubber plantation. A total of 72, 8-week old weaner rabbits were randomly allotted, two per cell of 6-celled rabbit hutch, with 6 replicates per diet or treatment in a completely randomized design to 6 CRSM-based diets containing 16% dietary protein. The CRSM was included at 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50% levels in diets 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 respectively. Diet 1 without CRSM (0%) served as the control. Feed and water were served ad libitum for 10 weeks. The carcass weights of rabbits fed up to 10% CRSM-based diets were similar and significantly higher than that of rabbits on 20% CRSM-based diet (740.30 g) which in turn was higher ( p < 0.05) than what obtained for those fed 30-50% CRSM-based diets. Other carcass traits varied significantly. The weight of bled and de-furred rabbits (92.77-94.54%), carcass (56.98-60.78%), fore limb (9.72-10.69%), lung (0.66-0.79%), kidney (0.62-0.75%) and the heart (0.26-0.29%) expressed as percentage of live weight were similar ( p > 0.05) across board. Feeding beyond 30% CRSM-based diets had significant effects on the cooked meat’s juiciness, chewiness and texture. The inclusion of CRSM in rabbit diets had no detrimental effect on the proportion of carcass, limbs and internal organ weights. Meats from rabbits fed CRSM-based diets were well accepted by sensory evaluators but the taste, flavor, juiciness and acceptability decrease with increasing levels of CRSM in the diet.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45365786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Overview of Honey: Its Composition, Nutritional and Functional Properties","authors":"E. Gundogdu, S. Çakmakçı, I. Sat","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"Honey is a natural food/product that can be used for various purposes. High-quality honey can be distinguished by flavor and consistency. The composition, appearance, sensory perception and biological effects of honey depend on the floral source used to collect nectar by honeybee, seasonal and climatic factors. Honey flavor is an important factor for the consumer’s choice. About 95% of the honey dry matter is composed of carbohydrates. The main sugars are the monosaccharides fructose and glucose and 5-10% of the total carbohydrates are oligosaccharides. Honey contains proteins, minerals, vitamins, polyphenols, vitamins, enzymes, organic acids and volatiles. The three main honey enzymes are diastase, invertase and glucoseoxidase. The average pH of honey is 3.9, but can range from 3.4 to 6.1. The viscosity of honey is affected by both temperature and water content. The glycemic index of honey varies from 32 to 87. Honey has been shown to possess antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, antiparasitory, anti-inflammatory, antimutagenic and anticancer effects. The low water activity of honey inhibits microbial growth. The antibacterial effect of honey, is mostly against gram-positive bacteria. Honey is a source of natural antioxidants, which are effective in reducing the risk of many diseases. Most of the health promoting properties of honey are only achieved by application of rather high doses of honey such as 50 to 80 g per intake. This information shows that honey has a wide range of positive effects on nutrition and health.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41702901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Local Adaptation Mechanisms to Address Climate Led Food Insecurity in Far-western Nepal: The Case of Badimalika Municipality","authors":"Deepak Chaulagain, Parshu Ram Rimal","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to understand the food security situation and coping mechanisms due to an effect of climate change on food security of Badimalika Municipality of Bajura district in the far-western region; an acute food deficit district of Nepal. Literature review, household questionnaire survey to document primary data, stakeholders’ consultation with field observations were the principle methods applied to explore the possible adaptation measures for securing food and livelihood of people. The research revealed that the district is food insecure for at least six to nine months of a year which is worsened by climate induced natural disasters: flood, landslides and drought. Sudden and unpredictable precipitation both in winter and monsoon has distorted the productions over the years. Considerable proportions of grazing land and forested area have been converted into farmland especially in the highlands. Migrating working class manpower to India to seek livelihoods is a menace to development in the place while seasonal migration in and outside the country is an interesting adaptive mechanism in the district. Drought resistant crop varieties such as Finger Millet (Elusine coracana), Foxtail Millet (Setaria italic L.), Wheat (Triticum aestivum), and Amaranth (Amaranthus sp.) are highly potential cereal crops that need to be promoted. Some humanitarian agencies with the support of GoN have been playing an important role in reducing the impact of food deficiency in the region. National Food Corporation District Office supplies the deficit quantity of food to the people. The government needs to make agriculture the highest priority with increased investment schemes to avert the looming food crisis with emphasis on further research based activities through understanding the impact of climate change on specific crops and respective technological interventions, incorporating local adaptation mechanisms for disasters and climate change. Slow-forming terraces, conservation tillage, crop diversification, selection and promotion of drought-resistant varieties of crops, ecological pest management, seed and grain storages etc. are some technological innovations to be considered for enhancing food security.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44515681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of Heavy Metals Concentrations in Oreochromis niloticus and Clarias gariepinus from River and Aquaculture Systems within Owerri Metropolis, Imo State Nigeria","authors":"A. P. Onyena, J. U. Udensi","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.04.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"People tend to rely upon fish as a source of cheap animal protein and a vital resource to sustain life. Oreochromis niloticus (tilapia fish) and Clarias gariepinus (cat fish) were collected from two rivers (Nworie and Otamiri rivers) and two fish ponds (FUTO and Philip’s fish ponds in Owerri municipal). The heavy metals analyzed were mercury (Hg), cadmium (Cd), iron (Fe), nickel (Ni), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), and chromium (Cr) using FS 240 Varianatomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS) SpectrAA. Catfish accumulated high level of Hg concentrations (> 1.40 ppm) in the sample sites, Cd concentration was also high in cat fish (8.33 ppm) sampled from Nworie river while the other sample sites recorded < 1 ppm. Also, Fe recorded concentrations above 4 ppm with highest concentration of 30.8 ppm; however, tilapia fish accumulated more Fe concentrations than the cat fish. Heavy metals values in the fishes were above the maximum permissible limits of established standards for fish consumption. Data collected were subjected to t-test and analysis of variance (ANOVA), and there was no statistical difference (p > 0.05) between the heavy metals contents of fishes from the rivers and fish ponds studied. The total heavy metals concentrations studied accumulated from the different sample sites were in this order: tilapia fish: Nworie river (5.96 ± 4.36) > Otamiri river (4.87 ± 3.32) > Philip’s pond (4.87 ± 3.19) > FUTO pond (1.62 ± 1.40) while in cat fish: Nworie river (4.02 ± 1.66) > Philip’s pond (3.60 ± 2.10) > Otamiri river (2.43 ± 1.54) > FUTO pond (2.27 ± 1.38). There is need for periodic monitoring and assessment of heavy metals in water bodies and various aquatic lives that serve as a source of food to human.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67553250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and Application of Coated Fertilizer in Japan","authors":"Hiroshi Aoki, Yuichi Sekiguti","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.04.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"The fertilizer industry faces a continuing challenge to improve its products to increase the fertilizer use efficiency and to minimize any possible adverse environmental impact. For this purpose, studies on the development of coated fertilizers have been done all over the world. In this paper, we are to introduce our coated urea “MEISTER” as the sophisticated fertilizer, with explaining the features and applications in actual fields. “MEISTER” is the coated urea with a mixture of polyolefin and silicate mineral. “MEISTER” has two releasing types. One is the linear type. Another is the sigmoidal type. Release of nitrogen from “MEISTER” mainly depends on temperature which allows precise prediction of nutrient release. Application experiments for rice, Chinese cabbage and long onion are introduced in this paper. Every experiment shows single basal application is possible by using “MEISTER” with keeping yield and high nitrogen recovery. Coated fertilizers show accurate release control of nutrients. The use of coated fertilizers brings: (a) efficient use of fertilizer resources, (b) reduction of environmental load by fertilizer, (c) labor saving. Thus applying coated fertilizers is definitely smart fertilization technology in agriculture. Coated fertilizers seem to closely meet the requirements of an ideal fertilizer. The problem is its high price compared to the normal rapid soluble fertilizer. Unit price of coated fertilizer is expensive on the surface, though total application cost of coated fertilizers is often cheaper than the cost of rapid soluble fertilizers. This sometime disturbs the spread of coated fertilizers. So, we have been trying to make an effort to reduce production cost and doing application enlargement trials of coated fertilizers for becoming more widespread. Through those studies and development, we believe coated fertilizers will contribute to agriculture more in the world.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67552830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast Milk Substitutes: Changing Ideas","authors":"Claude Billeaud","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2018.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2018.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstact: Breast milk is the model for infant feeding. In the absence of breast milk, substitutes have been created whose composition attempts to copy that of breast milk. However, it is impossible to make from cow’s milk the copy of human milk given that it is composed of a thousand substances which have for some the function of nutrients and for others (the most numerous) properties bioactive. In addition, there is no fixed milk for the same mother but mothers whose composition varies over time: colostrum (first 5 days, transition milk (5 to 30 days), mature milk after one month, but also during the day: milk is not the same in the morning, at noon and in the evening, and even worse: at the beginning and at the end of the summer. The mother’s diet: although milk proteins and carbohydrates are only slightly influenced, there is a strong correlation between dietary lipids and breast milk, as well as minerals, vitamins and trace elements. On the other hand, the composition of breast milk that gave birth to a premature child is higher in protein than that of the milk of a mother of a newborn baby. Despite all these constraints, doctors and industrialists of the agro-alimentary do not cease to make progress to create formulas of milk more and more close to the nutritive values of the human milk.... But it is an endless challenge; In fact when a complex protein or oligosaccharides and polyunsaturated fatty acids are discovered in the mother’s milk, it is necessary to evaluate by means of studies that are often long to discover their exact role and to demonstrate the correct dosage to be added in the formulas.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67552561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physiological Maturity of Corn Seeds (Zea mays) by Tetrazolium Salt","authors":"Luiz Felipe Nicoleti Torrezan, Ana Dionisia da Luz Coelho Novembre","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2018.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2018.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship of tetrazolium salt testing to common indicators (milk line, black layer, dry matter) used to determine corn seed physiological maturity. The seeds used were the hybrids Pioneer 4285 and Dow 2B587. These hybrids were harvested 40 days after polinization (DAP), with 4-day intervals until 68 DAP. The harvested seeds were evaluated for viability and vigor (germination test, accelerated aging test and cold test). The parameters used to determine the physiological seed’s maturity were the black layer, the milk line, the seed dry matter, seed water content and the evaluation of seed tissues using the tetrazolium salt to evaluate the endosperm cells. The germination of both materials was greater than 95% and there was no difference between harvest times. Corn seed physiological maturity (PM) was identified at 56 DAP for P4285 (F2) and between 48 and 56 DAP for 2B587 (F2). The maximum vigor was detected by accelerated aging tests and cold tests before PM for the two genotypes. The activity of endosperm cells is related to the other PM indicators (milk line, black layer, dry matter and water content). The transport of nutrients from plant to the seed ceases at seed physiological maturity. Use of tetrazolium salt allows identifying cell death of the basal region and this parameter corresponds to the others evaluated, thus demonstrating that the tetrazolium salt is effective for corn seed physiological maturity characterization.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67552828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Beneficial Effects of Non-chemically Grown Traditional Rice/Rice Based Functional Food (NGTRF) in Nutritional Management of Nafld and Diabetes Mellitus","authors":"Rasika S. Wickramasinghe, K. S. Dahanayaka, M. Batagoda, G.V.C.P. De Silva, P. Senanayake, J.S.A. Pathirana, S. Sonnadara, S. Kumara, Sri Lanka Hela Suwaya Trust Fund, Kurundugahahathapma Sri Lanka Ayurveda Central Dispensary, Nawungala Sri Lanka Ayurveda Central Dispensary","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2019.01.004","url":null,"abstract":"Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are commonly associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver/non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFL/NAFLD) for which no drugs or specific food are available either to control or to cure. We encounter promising results with NGTRF in nutritional Management of NAFLD and diabetes. Objective is to compare the effect of using NGTRF over routine western management (RWM) and Hela Nila Wedakama (HNW) patients with NCD, including metabolic syndrome, are prescribed NGTRF (produced by Hela Suwaya) and followed up. The five therapeutic categories are (1) RWM alone; (2) NGTRF alone; (3) NGTRF + RWM (in Galle); (4) NGTRF + RWM (in Gampaha); (5) NGTRF + RWM + HNW. According to clinical, biochemical and radiological profiles, majority of categoroes 2, 3, 4 and 5 are either controlled or cured effectively and sustainably compared to category 01. Preliminary evidence shows that effectiveness and sustainability of prescribing NGTRF is better. According to “Hela Suwaya” knowledge, genetic basis of food (conventional vs. traditional) and agronomic practices should be strongly considered while prescribing food. Traditional rice grown with toxin free Hela Suwaya “Hela Govithena” technology improves the micronutrient, prebiotic, probiotic and antioxidant profiles of food. Agrochemical farming reduces these parameters by reducing soil pH and biota. Functional foods produced by Hela Suwaya post-harvest food technology (such as rice-based porridge) will further improve these nutritional profiles. The resulting optimization of the disturbed liver function is the key factor behind this beneficial effect on whole NCD spectrum. This is observed as cured or reduced NAFL/NAFLD. We have already planned controlled clinical trials for further confirmation. Proper food-based intervention is therefore strongly suggested.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42504129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ice-Cream Production from Lactose-Free UHT Milk","authors":"Cihat Özdemir, Ayla Arslaner, Salih Özdemir, Gencay Uğurlu","doi":"10.17265/2159-5828/2018.05.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17265/2159-5828/2018.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the samples of ice-cream made from control and lactose-free UHT milk were investigated in terms of their physical, chemical and organoleptic properties. The pH of samples varied between 6.28 and 6.36. The pH values of samples of cocoa were higher than that of plain samples. The overrun ratio of samples varied between 21.06% and 32.68%. The overrun ratio of lactose-free samples was lower than that of control samples. The melting ratio of samples varied from 0.45 g/min to 0.61 g/min. The fat destabilization index of samples was around 41.06% and 58.01%. The fat destabilization index of plain samples was higher than that of cocoa adding samples. The viscosity of ice cream samples was between 23.21 Pa·s-26.42 Pa·s. The viscosity of lactose-free ice-cream samples was higher than that of control ice-cream samples. The glucose ratio of samples was between 1.20% and 1.60%. The sucrose ratio of lactose-free samples was higher than that of control samples. As the lactose amount of samples of lactose-free plain and cocoa ice-cream were found 0.11% and 0.16%, respectively, the control samples contained lactose at high level as 1.11% and 1.04%. Panelists preferred the cocoa ice-cream to samples of plain ice-cream.","PeriodicalId":68173,"journal":{"name":"食品科学与工程:英文版(美国)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67551998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}