Manisha Priyadarsini, Sonia Kaushik, Arun Singh Dev, Sharanjeet Singh, Pooja Gupta, Matthias Schwartzkopf, Stephan V. Roth, V. Raghavendra Reddy, Dileep Kumar
{"title":"Evolution of Magnetic Properties with Structure and Morphology of Co/Alq3 Bilayer: A Thickness Dependent Study","authors":"Manisha Priyadarsini, Sonia Kaushik, Arun Singh Dev, Sharanjeet Singh, Pooja Gupta, Matthias Schwartzkopf, Stephan V. Roth, V. Raghavendra Reddy, Dileep Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06812-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06812-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Organic spintronics (OS), which focuses on utilizing the spin degree of freedom in organic materials, has been a fascinating topic because of its technological aspects and future applications. In-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy (UMA) is becoming increasingly important in the rapidly developing field of OS. In this study, Cobalt (Co) films were deposited with varying thicknesses on the Tris (8-hydroxyquinolinato) aluminium (Alq<sub>3</sub>) layer to investigate the evolution of magnetism and UMA. Magnetic measurements and simultaneous domain imaging have been done using the magneto-optic Kerr effect by varying the azimuthal angle between the easy axis of magnetization and the applied magnetic field. It was discovered that the bilayer exhibits a well-defined UMA in the film plane upon forming a continuous Co film with a thickness of around 10 nm. Structural and morphological properties of all the Co/Alq<sub>3</sub> bilayers were studied using grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering and wide-angle X-ray scattering measurements at synchrotron radiation source, P03 beamline PETRA-III, Germany. The combined analysis revealed that in contrast to the inorganic magnetic polycrystalline thin films, where the UMA originates mainly due to the stress, the origin of UMA in Co/Alq<sub>3</sub> is attributed to the magnetocrystalline anisotropy caused by c-axis (Co (002)) preferential orientation. The surface free energy of Alq<sub>3</sub> is less than that of Co; therefore, the growth of Co starts with island formation, which coalescences with increasing thickness. The observed structure orientation may be attributed to minimizing the magnetoelastic energies due to coalescence known as the zipping effect. The absence of UMA in films with lower thickness film (~5 nm) is understood in terms of random short-range stress caused by isotropic pinning due to the diffused interface.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1713 - 1721"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141923850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jianjia Liang, Guojian Jiang, Dandan Wu, Weidan Ma
{"title":"Evolution of Structure, Morphology, and Magnetic Properties of YFeO3 Under Co-Doping of Nd and Ni","authors":"Jianjia Liang, Guojian Jiang, Dandan Wu, Weidan Ma","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06797-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06797-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Y<sub>1-x</sub>Nd<sub>x</sub>Fe<sub>1-y</sub>Ni<sub>y</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (<i>x</i> = 0, <i>y</i> = 0; <i>x</i> = 0.05, <i>y</i> = 0.05; <i>x</i> = 0.05, <i>y</i> = 0.10; <i>x</i> = 0.05, <i>y</i> = 0.15) powders with different concentrations of Nd<sup>3+</sup> and Ni<sup>2+</sup> doped ions were synthesized by sol-gel method. The structure, morphology, and magnetic properties of the materials were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and physical property measurement system (PPMS). X-Ray diffraction results show that all the prepared samples are in the single perovskite phase without any secondary phases. The measured doping content was basically consistent with the initial designed content. The remanent magnetization (<i>M</i><sub>r</sub>) and saturation magnetization (<i>M</i><sub>s</sub>) of the synthesized YFeO<sub>3</sub> were 0.701 emu/g and 1.481 emu/g, respectively, and the coercivity (<i>H</i><sub>c</sub>) reached 19,000 Oe. The results also showed that the <i>M</i><sub>r</sub> and <i>M</i><sub>s</sub> values of YFeO<sub>3</sub> increase, while the <i>H</i><sub>c</sub> values decrease with increasing Ni<sup>2+</sup> ion content. When the doping concentrations are <i>x</i> = 0.05 and <i>y</i> = 0.15, the values of <i>M</i><sub>r</sub> and <i>M</i><sub>s</sub> are 0.787 emu/g and 1.782 emu/g, respectively, with <i>H</i><sub>c</sub> at 2100 Oe. From the research results, it can be observed that the introduction of doped ions enhances the super-exchange interactions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1551 - 1561"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Investigation of Gamma-Induced Changes to Screening Currents and AC Losses in Mono- Versus Multi-filamentary REBCO Coated Conductors Using DC and AC Magnetometry","authors":"Holly Jane Campbell, Hirokazu Sasaki, Yifei Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06808-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06808-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>REBCO (rare-earth barium copper oxide) coated conductor tapes are a highly attractive option for magnet materials in future tokamak fusion power plants. However, the threat of intense neutron and gamma radiation, together with AC losses during magnet coil ramping, has raised concerns around magnet coil lifetimes. Irradiation-induced changes to flux creep rate has been identified as a key performance-limiting factor in REBCO tapes at low temperatures and high fields post-irradiation with gamma rays; spontaneous flux creep contributes to hysteretic AC loss in REBCO cables under applied AC fields. Knowing that multi-filamentary tapes are under consideration for tokamaks as an AC loss mitigation, magnetic measurements and gamma irradiation experiments are presented here on striated and mono-filamentary YBCO tapes to investigate the differences in post-irradiation screening currents and AC losses. Reduction in AC losses improved magnetisation critical current density (J<sub>c</sub>) retention after 1 MGy in the multi- relative to the mono-filamentary samples. After the 5 MGy dose, striations then made the multi-filamentary tape more susceptible to J<sub>c</sub> degradation because of the thinner individual filament width. Scanning transmission electron microscopy analysis on an analogous GdYBCO mono-filamentary tape did not indicate the introduction of nm-scale amorphisation to the active GdYBCO layer after gamma irradiation. A potential theoretical explanation for the underlying mechanism altering the flux-pinning landscape across the REBCO layer surface in gamma-irradiated tapes is discussed. This work concluded that gamma effects on screening current capability should be considered in future tokamak REBCO tape qualification studies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1349 - 1369"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10948-024-06808-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141939297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural Stability, Electronic Structure, and Thermoelectric Properties for Half-Metallic Quaternary Heusler Compounds NdCoMnZ (Z = Al, In), PrCoMnZ (Z = Ga, In), and PrCoCrZ (Z = Al, Ga)","authors":"Ayache Mebarek Azzem, Saadi Berri, Djamel Maouche","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06805-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06805-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Quaternary Heusler materials featuring intrinsic half-metallicity (HM) and high critical temperature Tc emerge as promising candidates for spintronic devices. The advanced density functional theory is used to examine the complicated interaction of the structural, electronic structure, and thermoelectric properties of novel NdCoMnZ (Z = Al, In), PrCoMnZ (Z = Ga, In), and PrCoCrZ (Z = Al, Ga) Quaternary Heusler compounds (QHAs). The total energies vs volume of the six materials were computed to formulate ground state characteristics. We have utilized TB-mBJ to estimate the band structure and density of states. The results show that the alloys are half metallic with considerable half-metallic gaps of 0.480 eV, 0.484 eV, 0.564 eV, 0.516 eV, 0.615 eV, and 0.580 eV for NdCoMnAl, NdCoMnIn, PrCoMnGa, PrCoMnIn, PrCoCrAl, and PrCoCrGa, respectively. All alloys have magnetic moments that are integers (5, 6, and 7 µ<sub>B</sub>) and that satisfy the Pauli rule M<sub>tot</sub> = (Z<sub>tot</sub>-18). Our calculation of the Curie’s temperature T<sub>C</sub> showed that the values range from 928 to 1290 K. The magnetic moments as a function of the lattice constant were also calculated for all materials. The thermoelectric properties of all materials are obtained using the BoltzTraB code based on Boltzmann transport theory. The Seebeck coefficient, electrical conductivity, electronic thermal conductivity, power factor, and figure of merit were calculated. The investigation of thermoelectric characteristics showed that both alloys display higher electrical conductivities and lower thermal conductivities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 11-12","pages":"1821 - 1837"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudeep Singh, Arvindha Babu Diraviam, Rajkumar Dasary M, Ajaya Kumar Nayak, Arabinda Haldar, Manivel Raja Muthuvel
{"title":"Microstructural and Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Nd-Fe-B Rare Earth Magnet Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering Technique","authors":"Sudeep Singh, Arvindha Babu Diraviam, Rajkumar Dasary M, Ajaya Kumar Nayak, Arabinda Haldar, Manivel Raja Muthuvel","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06806-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06806-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A study was carried out to prepare a magnet with a <i>c</i>-axis alignment present in the melt-spun ribbons to be used as a precursor magnet for the hot deformation process. Melt-spun ribbons prepared at a wheel speed of 23 m/s resulted in nanograins with columnar grains having the <001> texture on the exposed side and very fine equiaxed nanograins on the wheel side of the ribbon. The ribbons were stacked and consolidated using the SPS technique with the variation of temperature (temperature series) and pressure (pressure series), which resulted in Nd<sub>2</sub>Fe<sub>14</sub>B grains in two-grain zones, namely (i) fine grain and (ii) coarse grain zones. The fine grains grow with temperature and dominate the coercivity mechanism in the temperature series, and the grains do not grow in the pressure series; hence, the coercivity is not affected by pressure. The calculation of the intensity ratio of <i>I</i><sub>(006)</sub>/<i>I</i><sub>(105)</sub> in SPS compacted samples in both temperature and pressure series showed evidence of texture retention; however, the texture was not strong enough to influence the magnetic properties. The best magnetic properties of <i>H</i><sub>c</sub> of 12.2 kOe and (BH)<sub>max</sub> of 11.6 MGOe were obtained in the temperature series sample prepared at temperature of 600 °C, pressure of 150 MPa, and dwell time of 2 min.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1689 - 1700"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Naveen, K. Damodar Reddy, T. Ramesh, V. Raghavendra Reddy, M. Manivel Raja, N. Pavan Kumar
{"title":"Investigation of Structural and Magnetic Properties of Lead-Free NCFO-BTO Composites","authors":"P. Naveen, K. Damodar Reddy, T. Ramesh, V. Raghavendra Reddy, M. Manivel Raja, N. Pavan Kumar","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06809-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06809-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Compared to single-phase multiferroic materials, multiferroic (MF)-magnetoelectric (ME) composites, which combine magnetic and ferroelectric materials, show improved (many orders of magnitude) ME coupling and a higher operating temperature (beyond room temperature). In the present study, lead-free multiferroic Ni<sub>0.5</sub>Co<sub>0.5</sub>Fe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>/BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (NCFO/BTO) composites with different weight percentages were prepared through the solid-state reaction approach. The phase purity and structural confirmation were carried out using X-ray diffractograms. The XRD peak shifting in the composites has been observed, and it is attributed to the formation of residual stresses/strains during the sample’s grinding, heating, and freezing processes. Fourier-transformative infrared spectroscopy confirmed the presence of metal-oxygen bonds in spinel NCFO and Ti-O and Ba-O bonds in perovskite BaTiO<sub>3</sub>. UV-vis spectra disclose the energy gap values of the magnetoelectric composites. It has been found that the energy gap values for pure ferrite are 1.53 eV, the pure ferroelectric phase is 2.99 eV, and the composites possess the <i>E</i><sub>g</sub> values of 1.78 eV, 2.33 eV, 2.77 eV with decreasing ferrite concentration. The M-H hysteresis loops reveal the ferromagnetic nature of pure ferrite as well as the presence of ferromagnetism in composites. The magnetic moment of the NCFO has been found as 2.26 µ<sub>B</sub> and it further decreased to 0.59 µ<sub>B</sub> for the 0.25NCFO-0.75BTO compound. The magneto crystalline anisotropy has been calculated using the law of approach (LA) method and the details are discussed in the paper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1701 - 1711"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ruimin Li, Ying Zhang, Shasha Wang, Yan Feng, Xiang Ma, Changlong Wang, Bin Xiang
{"title":"Rational Synthesis of NbSe2 and TaS3 Superconducting Nanowires","authors":"Ruimin Li, Ying Zhang, Shasha Wang, Yan Feng, Xiang Ma, Changlong Wang, Bin Xiang","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06810-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06810-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) such as NbSe<sub>2</sub> and TaS<sub>3</sub>, with their exfoliable layered structures, exhibit novel physical properties arising from dimensionality effects with the reduced thickness, including changes in superconducting transition temperature (<i>T</i><sub><i>c</i></sub>). Exploring lower-dimensional TMSs has become a research focus. However, fabricating 2D-TMSs into 1D structures using micro-nano machining may bring lattice imperfections and dislocations. Here, we report the synthesis of superconducting NbSe<sub>2</sub> and TaS<sub>3</sub> nanowires. The characterization shows that the NbSe<sub>2</sub> and TaS<sub>3</sub> nanowires with high crystallinity have <i>T</i><sub><i>c</i></sub> = 6.98 K and 3.80 K, respectively. Our work provides a simple method for realizing 1D TMSs superconductors.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1323 - 1328"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Impurity States in Different Shaped InxGa1-xAs/GaAs Quantum Wells under the Influence of Temperature and Hydrostatic Pressure","authors":"Min Hu, Hongyan Yao","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06811-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06811-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, the influence of temperature and hydrostatic pressure on impurity states in In<sub><i>x</i></sub>Ga<sub>1-<i>x</i></sub>As/GaAs quantum wells (QWs) with different shapes, including square, parabolic, and V-shaped, was investigated using the effective mass envelope function approximation and the plane wave expansion method. The results demonstrate that an increase in temperature leads to a decrease in the energy of the impurity states, while an increase in hydrostatic pressure causes the impurity state energy to rise. It was observed that the effect of hydrostatic pressure on the impurity states is more significant than that of temperature. Furthermore, the impact of temperature and hydrostatic pressure varies depending on the shape of the QWs. Additionally, as the In composition increases, the impurity states exhibit a gradual increasing trend.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1487 - 1493"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Rajat K. Roy, Premkumar Murugaiyan, Ashis K. Panda
{"title":"Evaluation of Post-Weld Heat-Treated 2.25Cr-1Mo Steel Joint Behaviors by Electromagnetic NDE Parameters","authors":"Rajat K. Roy, Premkumar Murugaiyan, Ashis K. Panda","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06807-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06807-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A P22 (2.25Cr-1Mo) steel pipe is machined into two separate plates and then joined across with a V-groove by manual arc welding. The welded plate is further cut into three pieces and each piece is post-weld heat-treated (PWHT) at temperatures of 680 °C, 700 °C, and 720 °C for different holding times of 0.5, 1, and 2 h at each temperature. The welding area is typically categorized into three regions: base metal (BM), heat-affected zone (HAZ), and weld fusion (WF). As-weld and PWHT samples are characterized by destructive techniques of microscopy and hardness measurement and non-destructive evaluation (NDE) of magnetic behaviors. The WF region shows a bainitic lath structure, correlated to its high hardness and coercivity and low Barkhausen voltage. In contrast, the change in microstructure towards HAZ and BM decreases dislocation density, displaying a continuous decrease of hardness and coercivity and increasing Barkhausen voltage. This is endorsed by a decrease in magnetic and mechanical softness profiles, sequentially proceeding from WF towards HAZ and BM, while this softening behavior changes with PWHT temperatures and holding time. After PWHT at 720 °C for 2-h holding time, the magnetic softening along the welding region indicates an actual trend compared to mechanical softening. The electromagnetic parameters are considerable to identify the correct PWHT conditions necessary to maintain the accurate stress-relieving operation of weldments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1677 - 1687"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141772255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. V. Nemytova, A. B. Rinkevich, D. V. Perov, M. S. Koroleva, I. V. Piir, Y. V. Korkh
{"title":"Magnetic Properties of Rare Earth Titanates Ho2Ti2O7 and Yb2Ti2O7 Doped with Y and Bi","authors":"O. V. Nemytova, A. B. Rinkevich, D. V. Perov, M. S. Koroleva, I. V. Piir, Y. V. Korkh","doi":"10.1007/s10948-024-06801-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10948-024-06801-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bulk samples of holmium and ytterbium rare earth titanates doped with yttrium and bismuth were synthesized. To study the magnetic properties and peculiarities of magnetic interaction in doped and undoped titanates, magnetization curves and temperature dependences of the susceptibility were measured in fields up to 3 T at temperatures from 2 to 300 K. Magnetic properties for doped and undoped titanates with different doping level, as well as doped with different elements, have been compared. Based on study of temperature dependences of the susceptibility, magnetic dipole and exchange interactions have been analyzed. In the case of undoped holmium titanate, the dominant magnetic interaction type has been found to be the dipole one. When doping of holmium titanate with yttrium and bismuth, the magnetic interactions between the rare earth ions are sharply weak. Undoped ytterbium titanates have shown a predominance of the superexchange interaction. Presence of a large number of randomly distributed yttrium or bismuth ions, which occupy positions of ytterbium ions in crystal lattice, leads to the decrease in concentration of R<sup>3+</sup>-O-R<sup>3+</sup> ion pairs in this rare earth titanate, between which there is superexchange. Therefore, in doped compounds, the magnetic dipole interaction capable to act at large distances contrary to the superexchange one begins to predominate. The values of the <i>g</i>-factor have been estimated by the fit of the measured magnetization curves.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":669,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Superconductivity and Novel Magnetism","volume":"37 8-10","pages":"1465 - 1474"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141739498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}