{"title":"Maximal Rigidity of Random Measures and Uniqueness Pairs: Stealthy Processes, Quasicrystals and Periodicity","authors":"Raphaël Lachièze-Rey","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03635-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03635-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This article investigates the phenomenon of <i>maximal rigidity</i> in random spatial systems, where perfect interpolation of the process is possible from partial information, specifically, from its restriction to a strict subdomain, often resulting in a trivial tail <span>(sigma )</span>-algebra. A classical example known since the 1930’s is that a time series is <i>deterministic</i>, i.e. fully determined by its values on the negative integers if its spectrum has a gap, or at least a sufficiently deep zero. We extend such results to higher dimensions and continuous settings by establishing a connection with the concept of <i>uniqueness pairs</i>, rooted in the uncertainty principle of harmonic analysis. We present several other manifestations of this principle, unify and strengthen seemingly unrelated results across different models: stealthy processes are shown to be maximally rigid on cones, and for quasicrystals this cone can be arbitrarily small; discrete integer-valued processes are necessarily periodic when they have a simply connected spectrum. Finally, we identify a surprising class of continuous fields with seemingly standard behavior, such as linear variance and finite dependency range, that undergo a phase transition: they are perfectly interpolable on <span>(B(0,rho ))</span> for <span>(0<rho le 2/pi )</span> but exhibit no rigidity for <span>(rho >2)</span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Maximum Cluster Diameter in Non-critical Bond Percolation","authors":"Kaito Kobayashi","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03622-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03622-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper, we study independent (Bernoulli) bond percolation in dimensions <span>(d ge 2)</span>, focusing on the maximum diameter of finite clusters in the non-critical regime (<span>(pne p_c)</span>). We prove that the maximum diameter <span>(R_n)</span> satisfies <span>(R_n / log n rightarrow varkappa (p))</span> almost surely, where <span>(varkappa (p))</span> is determined by the exponential decay rate <span>(xi (p))</span> of <span>(P_p(0 leftrightarrow partial B_n, |mathcal {C}_0|<infty ))</span>. Furthermore, we establish a large deviation principle for the event <span>({R_n > rho log n})</span> for <span>(rho > varkappa (p))</span>. Finally, we consider the asymptotics of the number of vertices in clusters with large diameters.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-07-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03622-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pure Perimeter Laws for Wilson Lines Observables","authors":"Malin P. Forsström","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03648-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03648-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Several recent papers have studied the decay rate of the expectation of Wilson loop and Wilson line observables in lattice gauge theory and the lattice Higgs model. These results have all been perturbative in the sense that the parameters need to scale with the length of the loop or line for the error term to be smaller than the estimate. In this paper, we further develop ideas from [14] and [15] to give more detailed asymptotics for the expectation of Wilson loop and Wilson line observables, which do not require the parameters to be very large or very small for the error term to be small, thus improving the results of [16-19]. In particular, we show that Wilson line and loop observables have a pure perimeter law in the Higgs and confinement phases of the lattice Higgs model.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03648-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148380794","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dynamical Analysis of Vector-Host Diseases Model in a Periodic Environment","authors":"Haijie Li, Guirong Liu","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03650-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03650-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study investigates the impact of seasonal weather variations on malaria transmission by developing and analyzing both deterministic and stochastic non-autonomous models. We first show that the global dynamics of the deterministic model are governed by the basic reproduction number <span>(R_0)</span>: when <span>({{R}_{0}}<1)</span>, the disease-free periodic solution is globally asymptotically stable; when <span>(R_0 > 1)</span>, the disease is uniformly persistent in the population. Building on the same biological assumptions, we further formulate a time nonhomogeneous stochastic model and develop an analytical solution for the probability of disease extinction by applying multi-type branching process approximation and backward Kolmogorov differential equations. Our analytical solution reveals that the probability of disease extinction varies periodically with the initial time and depends on the initial number of infected individuals. Moreover, we derive analytical expressions for the mean and variance of the time to disease extinction. Additionally, this study investigates the malaria situation in Nigeria over the period 2018-2024. Our model demonstrates a strong fit with real-world data on both monthly cases and monthly cumulative cases during this period. Numerical simulations confirm the analytical results and illustrate the impact of the treatment rate on long-term disease dynamics and the probability of disease extinction. Further, we analyze two important indicators: the total infectivity time and the total treatment time. The theoretical analytical solutions are strongly supported by numerical simulations, which show close agreement between the branching process approximation and Monte Carlo estimates, thereby validating the reliability and predictive capability of the proposed stochastic modeling approach. These findings may offer useful insights for malaria control.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On the Leading Order Term of the Lattice Yang-Mills Free Energy","authors":"Christian Brennecke","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03649-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03649-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In [26], the leading order term of the free energy of <span>(text{ U(N) })</span> lattice Yang-Mills theory in <span>(Lambda _n={0,ldots ,n}^dsubset mathbb {Z}^d)</span> was determined, for every <span>(Nge 1)</span> and <span>(dge 2)</span>. The formula is explicit apart from a contribution <span>(K_d)</span> which corresponds to the limiting free energy of lattice Maxwell theory with boundary conditions induced by the axial gauge. By suitably adjusting the boundary conditions, we provide an equivalent characterization of <span>(K_d)</span> that admits its explicit computation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03649-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. A. Athanassoulis, N. P. Nikoletatos-Kekatos, K. I. Mamis
{"title":"A Systematic Path to Non-Markovian Dynamics II: Probabilistic Response of Nonlinear Multidimensional Systems to Gaussian Colored Noise Excitation","authors":"G. A. Athanassoulis, N. P. Nikoletatos-Kekatos, K. I. Mamis","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03626-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03626-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The probabilistic characterization of non-Markovian responses to nonlinear dynamical systems under colored excitation is an important issue, arising in many applications. Extending the Fokker-Planck-Kolmogorov equation, governing the first-order response probability density function (pdf), to this case is a complicated task calling for special treatment. In this work, a new pdf-evolution equation is derived for the response of nonlinear dynamical systems under additive colored Gaussian noise. The derivation is based on the Stochastic Liouville equation (SLE), transformed, by means of an extended version of the Novikov-Furutsu theorem, to an exact yet non-closed equation, involving averages over the history of the functional derivatives of the non-Markovian response with respect to the excitation. The latter are calculated exactly by means of the state-transition matrix of variational, time-varying systems. Subsequently, an approximation scheme is implemented, relying on a decomposition of the state-transition matrix in its instantaneous mean value and its fluctuation around it. By a current-time approximation to the latter, we obtain our final equation, in which the effect of the instantaneous mean value of the response is maintained, rendering it nonlinear and non-local in time. Numerical results for the response pdf are provided for a bistable Duffing oscillator, under Gaussian excitation. The pdfs obtained from the solution of the novel equation and a simpler small correlation time (SCT) pdf-evolution equation are compared to Monte Carlo (MC) simulations. The novel equation outperforms the SCT equation as the excitation correlation time increases, keeping good agreement with the MC simulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03626-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Visual Field in the Cucker-Smale Flocking Model","authors":"Yu-Jie Gao, Jiu-Gang Dong","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03653-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03653-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study an extension of the classical Cucker-Smale model by introducing a visual field into the interaction mechanism through the characteristic function, which captures directional and asymmetric perception among agents. For both discrete and continuous time systems, we derive sufficient conditions for flocking, showing that convergence emerges under suitable assumptions on the initial configuration and system parameters only. We further show that these conditions reduce to the classical Cucker-Smale results in the limiting case which means that the visual field of each agent turns to <span>(2pi )</span> under some initial assumptions. Numerical simulations are finally provided to illustrate our theoretical results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03653-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Large Deviations for Subgraphs in Inhomogeneous Random Graphs","authors":"Riccardo Michielan, Clara Stegehuis, Bert Zwart","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03647-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03647-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Inhomogeneous random graphs are fundamental models for real-world networks, where prescribed degrees are imposed as soft constraints. A common assumption in such models is that the degree distribution follows a power-law, capturing the heavy-tailed nature observed in many contexts. While various graph functionals have been studied in this setting, inhomogeneity makes their analysis significantly more challenging. Here, we investigate the large deviations of subgraph counts in inhomogeneous random graphs. Rare events concerning these functionals translate into quantifying the probability that extremely large hubs appear in the graph. This can be achieved by defining a specific optimization problem that captures the most likely way to generate numerous additional subgraphs. When the expected number of subgraphs is sublinear in the graph size, polynomially large deviations are possible, and in this case, we can derive sharp results on clique counts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03647-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148323324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Resonances and Adiabatic Invariants for the FPUT System","authors":"Antonio Giorgilli, Simone Paleari, Tiziano Penati","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03638-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03638-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We review our investigations into the possible existence of adiabatic invariants in the FPUT system, in the framework of classical perturbation methods as the main analytical tools. Early theoretical approaches based on the search for nonlinear normal modes proved unable to account for the lack of ergodicity observed in the original FPUT experiment. More recently, some authors have proposed studying the existence of a single adiabatic invariant by modeling the chain as a collection of identical oscillators with the same frequency, perturbed by both linear and nonlinear interactions between neighboring particles. The resulting analyses suggest that complete resonance allow us to identify an adiabatic invariant that persists independently of the number of particles.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How Long does it Take to Train an Elephant Random Walk","authors":"Zheng Fang","doi":"10.1007/s10955-026-03646-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10955-026-03646-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We study how conditioning on the first <i>k</i> steps, which we think of as training, affects the long-term behavior of the Elephant Random Walk. When the elephant is conditioned to be at position <i>k</i> at time <i>k</i>, the first return time to the origin scales as <span>(k^{(4-4p)/(3-4p)})</span> in the diffusive regime, and grows exponentially in the critical regime. We loosely interpret this as a measurement of the rate at which the elephant forgets its training.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":667,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Statistical Physics","volume":"193 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2026-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s10955-026-03646-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148281651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}