Journal of Polymer Research最新文献

{"title":"Novel amphiphilic linear polyglycidol derivative for targeted cell imaging and pH-responsive Oridonin delivery in cancer cells","authors":"Ziliang Liu,&nbsp;Jianghua Wang,&nbsp;Qianqian Chen,&nbsp;Qingru Wang,&nbsp;Hongxia Li,&nbsp;Lei Hu","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04563-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04563-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Assessing drug effectiveness and safety relies on crucial in vivo monitoring of drug distribution. This process enhances treatment precision, minimizes adverse effects, and informs the development of innovative therapies. This study developed a novel tumor cell-sensitive polymeric amphiphile, <b>Py-HLPG</b> (Py-Hydrazone functionalized linear polyglycidol), through the conjugation of linear polyglycidol (<b>LPG</b>) with a hydrophobic pyrene-based luminescent moiety. The amphiphile was designed with acid-responsive properties for selective activation in acidic tumor microenvironments. In vitro release studies demonstrated a 5-fold increase in drug release under responsive conditions, significantly enhancing its tumor-targeting potential. <b>Py</b>-<b>HLPG</b> demonstrated excellent micellization capability with an ultralow CMC of 8.4 µM, indicating superior stability for drug delivery applications. The ORI@<b>Py</b>-<b>HLPG</b> micelles demonstrated dual functionality, enabling both precise cellular imaging and effective anticancer activity. At a concentration of 50 µg/mL, ORI@<b>Py</b>-<b>HLPG</b> treatment resulted in only 20% HepG2 cell (human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line) viability. These findings suggest promising potential for developing multifunctional theranostic probes combining detection, imaging, and therapeutic properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078965","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of UV irradiation on mechanical performance and shape memory response of 4D printed SMPU/MWCNT nanocomposites","authors":"Sivanagaraju Namathoti,&nbsp;Santosh Kumar Sahu,&nbsp;P. S. Rama Sreekanth,&nbsp;MRK Vakkalagadda,&nbsp;Robert Olejník","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04585-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04585-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shape memory polymers (SMPs) are advanced materials capable of recovering predetermined shapes in response to external triggers. Incorporating nanoparticles like multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) into SMPs holds the potential for improving their overall performance. This study developed SMP/MWCNT nanocomposites at various concentrations from 0.25 to 1.0 wt.% and specimens were fabricated via 4D printing. Despite this, the impact of ultraviolet (UV) irradiation on these SMP/MWCNT nanocomposites remains understudied. The current research study explores how UV exposure influences the mechanical, thermal, and shape recovery characteristics of SMP nanocomposite. The specimens were subjected to UV-B irradiation for varying time durations of 250, 500, 750, and 1000 hours (h). The mechanical, thermal, structural, and shape recovery characteristics of pre- and post-irradiation specimens were studied using DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry), tensile, flexural, FTIR (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy), and XRD (X-ray diffraction) tests. The results revealed significant improvements in mechanical, thermal, and shape recovery properties at an irradiation duration of 250 hours, with increases of 41% in tensile strength, 33% in flexural strength, and a 10% increase in glass transition temperature (T_g). Notably, these enhancements were accompanied by a 20-30% acceleration in shape recovery. Significantly, the study showed that all analysed characteristics indicated that 250 hours was the optimal irradiation time. These discoveries offer important insights into the potential use of SMP/MWCNT nanocomposites for outdoor and various other applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145073611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Azobenzene-Based Poly(ether-ketone)s with tunable alkylene spacers: synthesis, morphological, thermal characterization, and efficient dye adsorption","authors":"Kamal I. Aly,&nbsp;Amira I. Ouf,&nbsp;Marwa M. Sayed,&nbsp;Osama Younis","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04557-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04557-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of novel Poly(ether-ketone)s (<b>PEK-6</b>, <b>PEK-8</b>, and <b>PEK-10</b>) were successfully synthesized via a Friedel–Crafts polyacylation reaction using bisphenoxyalkane-based monomers with varying methylene spacer lengths (m = 6, 8, 10) and azobenzene-4,4’-dicarbonyl dichloride as the comonomer. The chemical structures of the monomers were confirmed by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, FTIR, and mass spectrometry, while the polymers were characterized by FTIR, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). FTIR spectra confirmed the successful incorporation of carbonyl and ether groups into the polymer backbone. TGA analysis revealed that all polymers exhibited good thermal stability, though <b>PEK-10</b> showed a lower onset degradation (T_d5 = 195 °C) compared to <b>PEK-6</b> and <b>PEK-8</b> (both with T_d5 = 307 °C). SEM images indicated significant morphological differences among the samples, with surface roughness increasing with longer alkyl chains. XRD analysis showed a predominantly amorphous nature. The dye adsorption potential of the synthesized PEKs was explored using methylene blue as a model dye. Time-dependent UV–Vis spectroscopic studies indicated significant differences in adsorption behavior between the polymers. <b>PEK-10</b> exhibited excellent and sustained adsorption performance, with absorbance decreasing from 0.56 to 0.09 at 664 nm after 24 h, highlighting strong dye-polymer interaction and retention. In contrast, <b>PEK-8</b> initially showed rapid adsorption (to 0.35 in 10 min) but was followed by gradual desorption over time, returning to 0.55 after 24 h. These findings underscore the impact of alkyl spacer length on the structural, thermal, and adsorption properties of PEKs and suggest <b>PEK-10</b> as a promising candidate in environmental remediation, particularly for dye removal from aqueous systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145062249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Simulation of particle size distribution of polystyrene/expandable polystyrene in suspension polymerization with the use of modified time increment Monte Carlo model","authors":"Soheyl Khajehpour-Tadavani,&nbsp;Hossein Abedini,&nbsp;Mehdi Nekoomanesh-Haghighi","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04536-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04536-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A series of simulations with the use of a time increment dynamic Monte Carlo (MC) model for predicting the Droplet Size Distribution (DSD)/Particle Size Distribution (PSD) of Polystyrene (PS) and Expandable Polystyrene (EPS) initiated with a single stirred Parr reactor using a constant speed and ended with a double stirred Parr reactor with different speeds during polymerization. This study proposes equations for determining the density and viscosity of the continuous phase, the interfacial tension of the suspension in the presence of multiple Suspending Agent (SA), and the density of the dispersed phase in a system containing a blowing agent, which capture the synergistic effects of these materials. In addition, the effect of the sampling factor <i>f</i> at the MC simulation for implementing adequate initial number of droplets achieving a precise MC model was investigated. A strong correlation was observed between the experimental findings and the predictions of the MC model. This consistency was evident in various conditions, including modifications in reactor geometry, timing and type of SA introduction, increased monomer droplet volume, the application of Pentane as a blowing agent for EPS, and variations in reaction parameters. The time increment dynamic MC model could predict all variations based on any specific changes in experimental formulations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on in-situ fiber forming properties of different LLDPE systems","authors":"Yun Zhang,&nbsp;Tianpeng Zhang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Haoran Wang,&nbsp;Shunxin Lu,&nbsp;Jiaxin Li,&nbsp;Jinwei He","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04559-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04559-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this article, we use a co-rotating tri-screw extruder by changing the extruder speed, processing temperature, and reinforcing phase content. The ability of fibers generation under various processing parameters was researched. The influence of fibers on the toughness and strength was also explored. The experimental results of fiber morphology indicate that the content of reinforcing phase has a more significant impact on the formation of fibers than changing process parameters, and the linear low-density polyethylene/poly(butylene terephthalate) (LLDPE/PBT) system clearly reflects the phenomenon. The fibers generated by 30% content of PBT was uniform thickness and clear orientation and the 20% content of PBT no fibers are visible almost, as the content of reinforcing phase increased, fibers generated easier for the reinforcing phase to interact with the matrix. The cross-sectional scanning electron microscopy (SEM) scanning experiment shows that the compatibility of two phases and difference melting point has a significant impact on fiber formation. The LLDPE/PP system can illustrate this conclusion. Frequency scanning experiments shown that the linear low-density polyethylene/ polypropylene (LLDPE/PP), LLDPE/PBT, and the linear low density polyethylene/ polytetrafluroethylene (LLDPE/PTFE) composites exhibit shear thinning behavior, meaning that the complex viscosity increased with frequency increasing. We also found that as the extrusion temperature and screw speed increase, the peak loss factor increases, and the effect of temperature on the peak value is greater than that of screw speed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145057616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis and characterization of epoxy/methacrylic acid-based vinyl ester resin for corrosion resistance properties","authors":"Iqra Abdul Rashid,&nbsp;Khubab Shaker,&nbsp;Zulfiqar Ahmed Rehan,&nbsp;Muhammad Anwar,&nbsp;Abdul Rehman","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04587-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04587-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The vinyl ester resin (VER) was synthesized using di-glycidyl ether Bisphenol A epoxy resin (E), methacrylic acid (MAA), and maleic anhydride (MA) as a catalyst and crosslinker. Benzoyl peroxide and hydroquinone were used as catalyst and inhibitor, respectively. The reaction was performed in a 3-neck round-bottom flask using a condenser at 128 °C for four hours to complete the polymerization reaction until the acid value became less than 10. Four different formulations E90MAA4MA6, E92MAA6MA2, E90MAA6MA4, and E88MAA6MA6 of E/MAA/MA were prepared to check the curing, mechanical, thermal, and corrosion resistance behavior of VER. FTIR analysis of the vinyl ester resin showed that the synthesis process involved an addition esterification reaction between the carbonyl and epoxy functional groups, proceeding selectively without the occurrence of side reactions. The resins were cured using 35 wt% styrene, 0.5% cobalt, and 1% methyl ethyl ketone (MEKP). Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) was used to study curing behavior. The E90MAA4MA6 and E88MAA6MA6 samples show maximum Ti and Tg temperatures 89.4 °C, 104.7 °C and 47.8 °C, 95.3 °C, respectively. The sample E88MAA6MA6 shows maximum tensile strength of 12.05 MPa and E90MAA6MA4 maximum flexural strength of 65 MPa due to increased concentration of MAA and MA, which improves the crosslink density checked through universal testing machine (UTM). The samples were immersed in 25 wt% NaOH, 35 wt% HCl, 50 wt% H₂SO_4, and distilled water to evaluate their corrosion resistance. Among these four synthesized VER samples, E88MAA6MA6 and E90MAA6MA4 exhibited superior mechanical and corrosion resistance properties. These synthesized resins may be used for commercial applications like coatings of storage tanks, and base materials for pipe systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Macromonomer derived from tung oil and bismaleimide: synthesis via Diels-Alder reaction and production of renewable polyesters","authors":"Giovanni Arneiro Guimarães Santos,&nbsp;Luan Moreira Grilo,&nbsp;Julio Antonio Conti Silva,&nbsp;Rafael Lopes Quirino,&nbsp;Talita Martins Lacerda","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04586-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04586-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymers are essential materials in modern society, supporting technological development and improving quality of life. In response to growing environmental concerns, the development of polymers from renewable resources has gained attention. Among bio-based feedstocks, vegetable oils have emerged as versatile and abundant alternatives to petrochemical sources. Notably, tung oil stands out due to its high content of conjugated double bonds, enabling unique reactivity for polymer synthesis. In this context, the present work proposes a simple and yet novel approach: the transesterification of tung oil to methyl α-eleostearate, followed by Diels-Alder coupling with commercial aromatic bismaleimide to obtain a diester monomer, which was subsequently copolymerized into renewable polyesters. The results contribute to expanding the utility of tung oil in sustainable polymer development through efficient, bio-based synthetic routes. The envisaged molecular structure of the tung oil-based monomer was confirmed by FTIR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Subsequent polycondensation with various diols yielded polyesters with number-average molecular weights up to 7,100 g/mol. The incorporation of 10 mol% furan-based comonomer notably improved the materials’ thermal properties, increasing Td₅% by up to 58 °C and raising glass transition temperatures, while potentially reducing crystallinity. Overall, the integration of Diels-Alder chemistry and polycondensation using renewable feedstocks offers a promising route for developing sustainable polymers with tunable thermal properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhanced multifunctional performance of epoxy enabled by low-loading meta-aramid fibrids","authors":"Junwen Ren,&nbsp;Zixuan Xia,&nbsp;Shuai Yang,&nbsp;Yu Chen,&nbsp;Yingying Tong,&nbsp;Haowen Yuan,&nbsp;Junwei Zha,&nbsp;Shenli Jia","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04552-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04552-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Aramid fibers serve as promising reinforcing fillers for fabricating epoxy composites. However, their smooth surface and lack of reactive functional groups lead to poor interfacial adhesion with the epoxy, thus restricting the improvement of multifunctional properties. In this study, micro-fibrillated meta-aramid fibrids (MAFs) were fabricated and incorporated into epoxy. Featuring a unique film-network structure, MAFs can generate strong interfacial interactions with epoxy, while also exhibiting inherent advantages in mechanical strength, insulation properties, and thermal stability. Adding only 0.1 wt% of MAFs, the toughness and tensile strength of MAFs/Epoxy composite dielectrics increased by 108.9% and 39.8%, respectively, owing to the effective load transfer enabled by MAFs. The MAFs/Epoxy composite dielectrics exhibited an 11.72% higher breakdown strength compared to epoxy, with volumetric conductivity reducing from 7.03 × 10⁻¹⁴ S/m to 6.70 × 10⁻¹⁵ S/m. This improvement is primarily due to the occurrence of abundant deep traps introduced by MAFs. Meanwhile, the initial energy storage modulus (3013.52 MPa) and <i>T</i>_<i>g</i> (125.93 ℃) of MAFs/Epoxy composite dielectrics were significantly improved, attributed to effective mechanical interlocking between MAFs and epoxy. The incorporation of MAFs at low loading levels enhances the comprehensive performance of epoxy composites. This strategy provides critical insights for developing multifunctional epoxy composites and meeting the requirements of advanced electrical equipment development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145037439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully biodegradable poly (lactic acid)/poly (butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) blends with highly toughness based on in situ interfacial compatibilization by functional Epoxy compound","authors":"Yunda Shen,&nbsp;Bingrui Jin,&nbsp;Liang Ren,&nbsp;Hongnian Gan,&nbsp;Jiankun Li,&nbsp;Dan Zhao,&nbsp;Huizhong Shen,&nbsp;Mingyao Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04571-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04571-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Synergistically integrating poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) with polylactic acid (PLA) presents an economical strategy to develop biodegradable materials by leveraging their complementary characteristics. However, the inherent phase incompatibility between PBAT and induces severe interfacial defects, fundamentally limiting the development of high-strength biodegradable composites. In this study, glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) is grafted onto PBAT through reactive blending during the melting process, whereupon PLA/PBAT-g-GMA blends are prepared by means of an in-situ compatibilization approach, in an attempt to achieve PLA/PBAT blends with satisfactory comprehensive properties. The effects of PBAT content and GMA grafting rate on the interfacial compatibility, microstructure, mechanical properties, thermal performance, crystalline behavior and rheological processability of PLA/PBAT blends are investigated in detail. Systematic research has shown that the compatibility of PLA/PBAT blends has been significantly improved by implementing reactive compatibilization methods, and when the PBAT-g-GMA (2.84, the number refers to the grafting rate of GMA) content is 40%, the impact strength of the blend can reach 961 J/m without affecting rigidity, which indicates that our work proposes an effective approach to fabricate high-toughness PLA/PBAT blends through simple, environmentally friendly, and low-cost processing methods. Furthermore, the PLA/PBAT blends exhibit enhanced crystallization behavior while showing a slight decrease in thermal performance. The rheological analysis shows that the storage modulus, loss modulus, and complex viscosity significantly increase with the increase of PBAT content and GMA grafting rate, which improves processing performance of blends. SEM shows that as the grafting rate of GMA increases, the particle size distribution of PBAT becomes smaller and more uniform.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of biobased plasticizer extracted from palm fruit waste: A novel approach for properties enhancement in cementitious composites","authors":"S. Kokila,&nbsp;Rajagopalan Varadarajan","doi":"10.1007/s10965-025-04545-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10965-025-04545-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The present increase in sustainability issues is resulting in an increase in the popularity of biodegradable plasticizers. This study introduces a bio-plasticizer extracted from palm fruit leftovers that has been developed to enhance the mechanical properties of cement-based composites. Its dual function as a bio-filler and a plasticizer provides a novel, sustainable approach to implementing resource-efficient and eco-friendly construction practices. A green chemical protocol that involved demineralization, alkalization, and surface catalysis was used to effectively extract a novel bioplasticizer from palm fruit waste, an abundant agro-residue, in this study. The extracted biopolymer exhibited a distinctive set of characteristics, such as a low glass transition temperature (62.27 °C), thermal stability up to 370 °C, a low density (0.94 g/cm³), and a low crystallinity index (20.2%). These properties are instrumental in the biopolymer’s exceptional flexibility, molecular mobility, and compatibility with composite matrices. Analysis of functional groups identified olefinic alkenes, hydroxyl, epoxide, and siloxane moieties, which promote hydrogen bonding, increase polarity, and improve dispersion in hydrophilic systems. This bio-based plasticizer was integrated into M30-grade cement concrete at varied doses up to 10%, exhibiting the best performance at 6% loading, resulting in a 2.2% enhancement in slump flow and a 6.53% increase in compressive strength relative to the control mix. The highlighted benefits are ascribed to the plasticizer’s capacity to diminish water requirements, facilitate internal lubrication, and engage with cement hydration products at the molecular scale. In addition to enhancing mechanical performance, applying this palm fruit-derived additive provides a solution by transforming trash into high-value construction materials.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":658,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Polymer Research","volume":"32 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145028233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}