{"title":"Biosensor for heavy metals using hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods and metal-binding peptides","authors":"W. Jia, E. Reitz, Y. Lei","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-78","url":null,"abstract":"We report herein a biosensor for the determination of heavy metals based on hydrothermally grown ZnO nanorods and metal-binding peptides. Metal binding peptide is immobilized on ZnO nanorods through nonspecific binding. Peptide binding with heavy metal ion causes the electrical signal change, which measured and correlated to the concentration of heavy metals. The sensor performance will be optimized with respect to the operating conditions. The new biosensor format will offer great promise for real-time environmental monitoring of heavy metals.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83088764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Advancements in the Supercritical Water Hydrothermal Synthesis (scWHS) of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles","authors":"E. Lester, P. Blood, Jun Li, M. Poliakoff","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-65","url":null,"abstract":"Supercritical Water Hydrothermal Synthesis (scWHS) is a relatively simple and environmentally friendly process for the production of potentially valuable metal oxide nanoparticles. Previous problems with blockages forming in the original T piece reactor were overcome by redesigning the reactor using image analysis and computational fluid dynamics. An optimised reactor, termed the Nozzle Reactor, has been developed which can be run continuously and is able to produce a range of different metal particles including titania, ceria, zirconia, copper oxide, YAG, hematite, magnetite and silver. The reactor also shows a dramatic improvement in process reproducibility (± 5m 2 /g for BET surface area) and in control of particle size. Preliminary evidence suggests that the reactor could eventually lead to the ability to good control of particle properties, such as size, composition and shape, through the manipulation of process variables.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80836514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Bodnár, A. Kjøniksen, J. Hartmann, L. Daroczi, B. Nyström, J. Borbély
{"title":"Nanoparticles Formed by Complexation of Poly-γ-glutamic Acid and Lead Ions","authors":"M. Bodnár, A. Kjøniksen, J. Hartmann, L. Daroczi, B. Nyström, J. Borbély","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-58","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation describes the preparation and characterization of novel biodegradable nanoparticles based on complexation of poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) with bivalent lead ions. The prepared nanosystems were stable in aqueous media at low pH, neutral and mild alkaline conditions. The solubility and size of these nanoparticles in the dried and swollen states will be described and discussed. The correlation of size of particles, pH of the solutions, concentration and the ratio of compound polyelectrolytes have been studied. It was found, that the size of individual particles was in the range of 40-100 nm measured by TEM. The low and high pH values in mixtures with high concentrations of γ-PGA and Pb ions favored the growth of large complexes. The γ-PGA nanoparticles, which are from a biodegradable biomaterial with high flocculating and heavy metal binding activity, may be useful for various water treatment applications in aqueous media.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72578022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC) in Ohio","authors":"D. Giolando, R. Collins, Robert J. Davis","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-49","url":null,"abstract":"Photovoltaics Innovation and Commercialization (PVIC) was funded to strengthen the photovoltaics research and manufacturing base. Activities aim to eliminate market barriers faced by companies in the photovoltaics sector. Companies active in the photovoltaics industry, from those researching advanced materials development to those installing energy producing devices, advise and coordinate PVIC members. For maximum impact on increasing production efficiency and lowering costs, PVIC takes a vertically integrated approach from research in advanced materials to the fabrication of production-scale modules, to issues related to installation, and finally to aspects of customer acceptance. Collaborators in PVIC possess knowledge of how to overcome real-life problems arising in connecting a module to the electric grid and how to obtain customer support for building integrated PV designs. Companies along the entire value chain have been brought into PVIC.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85974275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Wireless Micro and Nano Sensors for Physiological and Environmental Monitoring","authors":"B. Kaminska","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-86","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-86","url":null,"abstract":"A practical implementation of a wearable physiological and environmental monitoring system is presented. The technical requirements for wearable electronics and sensors are analyzed. A proposed system includes micro and nano device design, wireless network based on TCP/IP protocol and software application. The result samples from monitoring in ambulatory environment are discussed.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79668581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Monometallic nano-catalysts for the reduction of perchlorate in water","authors":"D. M. Wang, H. Lin, C. Huang","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-66","url":null,"abstract":"Perchlorate removal in a clean, cost-effective and publicly acceptable approach is one of the important issues in current drinking water treatment practice. Catalytic membrane (CM) was prepared by coating monometallic catalysts of the nano-size onto supports by chemical or electrochemical method. The support materials were stainless steel and graphite. Nano-catalysts were made of transitional metals from the first, the second and the third row of the periodic table. The CM was characterized by surface analysis techniques including SEM, XPS and BET. The CM was used as cathode where the reduction of perchlorate occurred through hydrogen atoms that were generated on the CM surface. All experiments were performed at ambient conditions. It was found that for the first time perchlorate could be reduced readily by hydrogen atoms in the presence of catalyst. At a maximum perchlorate concentration of 100 mg/L, it is possible to achieve a > 90% removal in 8 h using nano-catalysts such as Sn, Ti, and Co. The rate constants were between 5.1 and 9.6 μM-L -1 -hr -1 among the 18 different monometallic nanocatalysts tested. Chloride was the major end product, whereas a small quantity of chlorite was observed in the presence of Co catalyst. Membrane coated with metallic nano-catalysts at different mass showed different reduction rate, e.g., the optimum surface coverage for Sn was 0.6 to 0.7 mg per gram stainless steel membrane.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84616679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Willert-Porada, Katrin Lorenz, R. Freitag, V. Jérôme, Stefan Pfeiffer
{"title":"Biofilm Based Microbial Fuel Cell","authors":"M. Willert-Porada, Katrin Lorenz, R. Freitag, V. Jérôme, Stefan Pfeiffer","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-56","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-56","url":null,"abstract":"Biofilms of natural anaerobic microbial consortia externally grown on Gas Diffusion Electrodes (GDL) in a bioreactor, were investigated within a MembraneElectrode-Assembly with respect to lifetime and electricity production upon variation of biodegradable materials with an oxygen demand of 1000mg/l as simulated waste water. A remarkable differentiation and plasticity of the films is observed, to resist the toxicity of 0.5 mg/cm2 Pt used on the inner side of the anode for smooth hydrogen combustion and to recover bioactivity upon alteration of the biodegradable material. Such robust biofilms are intended to provide a new technology for water purification and electricity production from industrial and community wastewater.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82926416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pt and Pt-Ru/Carbon Nanotube Nanocomposites Synthesized in Supercritical Fluid as Electrocatalysts for Low-Temperature Fuel Cells","authors":"Yuehe Lin, Xiaoli Cui, Jun Wang, C. Yen, C. Wai","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-18","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the use of supercritical fluids (SCFs) for the synthesis and processing of nanomaterials has proven to be a rapid, direct, and clean approach to develop nanomaterials and nanocomposites. The application of supercritical fluid technology can result in products (and processes) that are cleaner, less expensive, and of higher quality than those that are produced using conventional technologies and solvents. In this work, carbon nanotube (CNT)-supported Pt and PtRu nanoparticles catalysts have been synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2). The experimental results demonstrate that Pt, Pt-Ru/CNT nanocomposites synthesized in supercritical carbon dioxide are effective electrocatalysts for low-temperature fuel cells.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80720994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Surface Hydration and Interfusion of Suspended Silica Nanoparticles on Heat Transfer","authors":"Denitsa Milanova, Xuan Wu, Ranganathan Kumar","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-7","url":null,"abstract":"Experimental results of silica nanofluids consisting of 10nm or 20nm silica particles have been performed. Particle size, zeta potential and the CHF values under different volume concentrations are provided, and agglomeration structures are seen to affect the critical heat flux of NiChrome wire immersed in a pool of water. The critical heat flux (CHF) of the wire does not increase monotonically with concentration. CHF decreases when particle concentration is increased depending on the particle shape and the hydroxylated surface of the nanoparticles.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73905652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nano-Hetero Structure for direct energy conversion","authors":"L. Popa-Simil","doi":"10.1201/9780429187469-14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1201/9780429187469-14","url":null,"abstract":"The direct conversion of nuclear energy becomes possible in hetero-nanostructures. To convert the kinetic energy of the fission product into electricity it has to be created a nanostructure formed from a repetitive conductorinsulator structure generically called “CIci”.Its operation is based on the difference of electron shower intensity between the two conducting materials which makes that the electrons generated in the first conductor to pass through insulator and absorb in the second conductor, while this one producing a very small shower to pass in the next conductor so the conductors are polarizing. The conversion efficiency of such structures may be higher than 80%, and can be improved by quantum effects. To deliver the harvested energy outside the reactor zone a cascade of DC/AC and AC/AC micro converters have to be added at short distances inside. Because the fission energy transforms into electricity there is less energy left for heating the structure so the reactor will run cold. If superconductor structures is used the DC/AC converter may be achieved by using a SQUID Josephson junction. The direct nuclear energy conversion removes the actual thermo-mechanic devices with associated heat exchangers with higher efficiency, transforming the nuclear reactor into a solid-state electricity generator.","PeriodicalId":6429,"journal":{"name":"2007 Cleantech Conference and Trade Show Cleantech 2007","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73152938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}