M. A. Evinyan, A. H. Davtyan, R. Yu. Chilingaryan, A. S. Abrahamyan, S. D. Arsentev
{"title":"Quantum-Chemical Study of Intermolecular Hydrogen-Atom Transfers in the Interaction of HO2 and CH3O2 Radicals with Ethylene","authors":"M. A. Evinyan, A. H. Davtyan, R. Yu. Chilingaryan, A. S. Abrahamyan, S. D. Arsentev","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700349","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700349","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Computational methods of quantum chemistry were used to study the reactions of intermolecular transitions of hydrogen atoms in the reaction systems C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> + HO<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> + CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>. The enthalpies of these reactions were calculated, the transition states were identified, and the reaction potential barriers were determined. It was established that the abstraction of an H atom from ethylene in the C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> + HO<sub>2</sub> and C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>4</sub> + CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub> systems requires the same activation energy, 27.6 kcal/mol, while the reaction enthalpies are 23.8 and 24.7 kcal/mol, respectively. It was shown that pre- and post-reaction van der Waals complexes are formed in this case, and their structures were determined. The enthalpies of 6.7 and 36.1 kcal/mol were determined for the reactions of H atom abstraction by ethylene from HO<sub>2</sub> and CH<sub>3</sub>O<sub>2</sub>, respectively.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"122 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1134/S1068337226700349.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Focusing of an X-Ray Beam on the Exit Surface of a Crystal with a Twist Boundary","authors":"L. V. Levonyan, H. M. Manukyan","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700398","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700398","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A two-dimensional diffraction-focusing of a spherical X-ray wave is investigated, with the focus located on the crystal’s exit surface. Focusing is achieved using a crystal with a low-angle twist boundary and a temperature gradient. The focal image is recorded immediately behind the crystal. It is shown that the focal dimensions in the direction perpendicular to the diffraction plane are of the order of nanometers.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"71 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonlinear Self-Focusing of Cosh-Gaussian Laser Beam in Relativistic Plasma with Linear Absorption","authors":"K. Walia, P. Sharma","doi":"10.1134/S106833722670043X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106833722670043X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present study explores nonlinear self-focusing of Cosh–Gaussian (ChG) laser beam in relativistic plasma in presence of linear absorption. The WKB and paraxial theories are used for examining nonlinear evolution of beam spot size by obtaining 2nd order differential equation, which governs variation of beam width with normalized distance. We have incorporated linear absorption in current investigation for considering energy dissipation effects. The resultant equation is numerically solved by Runge-Kutta 4th order method and impact of key laser-plasma quantities like laser intensity, plasma density, absorption factor, decentered parameter and initial beam radius on self-focusing behavior of ChG laser beam is explored. The significant changes in beam dynamics of laser beam have been observed due to these key laser-plasma quantities.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"14 - 20"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. V. Ananyan, P. H. Vardevanyan, N. H. Karapetyan
{"title":"Thermodynamics of the Order–Disorder Transition in the Double-Helical Structure of DNA in the Presence of CoTAllPyP4","authors":"G. V. Ananyan, P. H. Vardevanyan, N. H. Karapetyan","doi":"10.1134/S106833722670026X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106833722670026X","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Determination of the thermodynamic parameters of the transition of a DNA molecule from a highly ordered double-helical conformation to a disordered coil state in the presence of ligands plays a key role in understanding the structural features of complex formation. Calorimetry is commonly used to determine the enthalpy (Δ<i>H</i>) and entropy (Δ<i>S</i>) of the helix–coil transition. In the present study, these parameters were determined using an alternative method—UV spectrophotometric melting. The melting temperature and melting interval (<i>T</i><sub>m</sub> and Δ<i>T</i>) were obtained for DNA complexes with the water-soluble cationic Co(II)-<i>meso</i>-tetra(4-N-allylpyridyl)porphyrin (CoTAllPyP4). The enthalpy of the helix–coil transition upon complex formation with CoTAllPyP4 was shown to be endothermic, which is attributed to both the disruption of hydrogen bonds between nucleotide base pairs and the release of porphyrin molecules from the surface of the DNA double helix. The entropic contribution is positive, as the system becomes more disordered.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"127 - 131"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Reversible Generation of Coherence between Metastable Quantum States Using Laser Pulses with Quadratic Frequency Chirp","authors":"G. P. Djotyan, A. A. Avetisyan, A. P. Djotyan","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700337","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700337","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we show that the scheme we previously developed for creating a controlled coherent superposition of metastable states in a quantum system, under certain conditions, allows the reversible generation of arbitrary coherence between these states. This scheme utilizes laser pulses with a quadratic frequency chirp (QFC). While the first QFC laser pulse generates the required superposition of metastable states, a subsequent QFC laser pulse with the same parameters as the previous one, but with the opposite direction of frequency chirp, returns the quantum system to its original state, allowing another required coherence value to be formed by applying the next QFC pulse with the appropriate parameters. The case of a single “broadband” QFC laser pulse is considered, when the frequency spectrum of the pulse (without chirp) exceeds the frequency distance between the metastable energy levels of the system.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"21 - 27"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Avetisyan, M. Sukiasyan, M. Papyan, L. Mikaelyan, M. Kalashyan, A. Kutuzyan
{"title":"Emergence of a Similariton with a Functionally Distinct Profile in Optical Fibers","authors":"V. Avetisyan, M. Sukiasyan, M. Papyan, L. Mikaelyan, M. Kalashyan, A. Kutuzyan","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700271","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700271","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The functional form that best reproduces the profile of a new type of similariton has been identified and validated by functional fitting of similariton profiles obtained through numerical simulations. It is shown that a new type of similaritons formed in a passive single-mode optical fiber under the combined influence of nonlinearity and anomalous dispersion exhibits a temporal profile of a two-sided exponential pulse of the form exp(–∣<i>t</i>∣), characterized by a sharp peak and a broad base typical of this function. Specific boundary conditions have been established that determine the fiber and input pulse parameters - depending on the initial input shape - ensuring the self-shaping of such pulses and their stable self-similar propagation along the fiber. The presented results were obtained for three types of input profiles: Gaussian, hyperbolic secant, and super-Gaussian.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"91 - 95"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. A. Harutyunyan, A. H. Melikyan, H. R. Minassian
{"title":"On One of the Reasons for the Limited Applicability of the Morse Potential","authors":"V. A. Harutyunyan, A. H. Melikyan, H. R. Minassian","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700374","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700374","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We discuss the relationship between the fundamental parameters, namely the frequency of harmonic vibrations <span>({{omega }})</span>, the anharmonicity parameter <i>x</i>, and the dissociation energy <i>D</i> for hydrogen molecules and their isotopes H<sub>2</sub>, D<sub>2</sub>, T<sub>2</sub>, HD, HT, and DT. It is shown that for these molecules, the parameters calculated on the basis of the Morse potential are in excellent agreement with experimental data. The largest deviation of the results is observed for the H<sub>2</sub> molecule. The characteristics of these deviations make it possible to conclude that they arise because of a violation of adiabaticity, which is not considered in the Morse potential.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"40 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. A. Davtyan, A. S. Movsisyan, A. K. Aharonyan, V. H. Avetisyan
{"title":"Investigation of the Mobile Joint of Rectangular Microwave Waveguides with Consecutive Cross-Sections","authors":"R. A. Davtyan, A. S. Movsisyan, A. K. Aharonyan, V. H. Avetisyan","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700325","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700325","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The design features of a mobile horn joint of rectangular waveguides with a maximum horn opening angle in mutually perpendicular planes less than a few degrees are presented. The joint is built on the standard waveguides of consecutive cross-sections. Research methods using a vector network analyzer are discussed. In the case of single-mode operation of the jointed waveguides, the reflection degree from the joint and the instabilities of its amplitude- and phase-frequency transmission characteristics are investigated. At angles <span>(phi geqslant 45^circ )</span> of incidence of partial Brillouin waves on the narrow walls of the internal waveguide and in the relative frequency band <span>({{Delta f} mathord{left/ {vphantom {{Delta f} f}} right. kern-0em} f} geqslant 14% )</span>, it is shown that such joints can provide sufficiently small values of the characteristics under study—the voltage standing wave ratio <span>(K leqslant 1.12)</span> and the standard deviations of transmission characteristics instabilities by power <span>({{sigma }_{P}} leqslant 0.2)</span> dB and by phase <span>({{sigma }_{varphi }} leqslant 2^circ )</span>.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"61 1","pages":"132 - 140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2026-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Optical Magnetometry of Induced Extrinsic Magnetic Fields in Human-Sized Helmholtz Coils","authors":"A. Tonoyan, A. Papoyan, A. Gogyan","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700155","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700155","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present simulation and analysis of the magnetic field evolution generated by human-sized copper coils when extrinsic metallic objects are introduced in their proximity. The magnetic field variation can be effectively detected by leveraging the Zeeman effect, when light interacts resonantly with alkali atoms confined in nanometric or micrometric thin cells. To precisely quantify these changes, we analyse spectra of light-atom interaction in the presence of a magnetic field and introduce an algorithm capable of measuring magnetic field variations induced by a relatively small iron sphere. The key strength of our approach lies in its robustness, as it can extract meaningful information from experimental spectra without requiring a direct reference spectrum.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"60 4","pages":"406 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. P. Kalantaryan, R. S. Ghazaryan, N. H. Karapetyan, G. V. Ananyan, M. L. Movsisyan, Yu. S. Babayan
{"title":"Physical Properties of Water and Aqueous DNA Solutions under the Influence of Non-Thermal Electromagnetic Waves of the Millimeter Range","authors":"V. P. Kalantaryan, R. S. Ghazaryan, N. H. Karapetyan, G. V. Ananyan, M. L. Movsisyan, Yu. S. Babayan","doi":"10.1134/S1068337226700088","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1068337226700088","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The influence of low-intensity non-thermal electromagnetic waves of the millimeter range on the surface and volume properties of water, saline, and DNA solutions was studied. It is demonstrated that non-thermal millimeter electromagnetic waves (MMEMW), which coincide in frequency with the resonant frequencies of water structures’ oscillations, produce a specific effect in vivo and in vitro [1–3], affecting living organisms through the aqueous component of their environment. The non-thermal EW is not absorbed by the surface layer of aqueous solutions and penetrates the deeper layers of liquid, leading to the dehydration of salt ions and DNA, and an increase in the density of the aqueous solutions. Irradiation of DNA solutions with low-intensity resonance frequencies for aqueous molecular structures for 90 minutes leads to an increase in the thermal stability of DNA by approximately 1°C. As the temperature increases, the density of non-irradiated and irradiated solutions decreases. However, there is a significant difference between the behavior of density dependence on temperature for non-irradiated and irradiated saline and DNA solutions. Calculations show that for studied solutions, the coefficient of thermal expansion (α) increases with increasing temperature, and the growth of α occurs differently for water structures irradiated and not irradiated with resonant oscillation frequencies.</p>","PeriodicalId":623,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Physics (Armenian Academy of Sciences)","volume":"60 4","pages":"469 - 475"},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147588339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}