核科学与技术国际期刊(英文)最新文献_第3页

Novel Technological Developments with Impacts on Perspectives for Mobile Nuclear Power Plants 新技术发展对移动核电站前景的影响

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2021.114011

L. O. Freire, D. A. Andrade

引用次数: 2

Study and Simulated the Natural Radioactivity (NORM) U-238, Th-232 and K-40 of Igneous and Sedimentary Rocks of Al-Atawilah (Al-Baha) in Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯Al-Atawilah (Al-Baha)火成岩和沉积岩天然放射性(NORM) U-238、Th-232和K-40的研究与模拟

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.104015

Bashayer M. Al-Zahrani, H. Alqannas, Safia Hamidalddin

{"title":"Study and Simulated the Natural Radioactivity (NORM) U-238, Th-232 and K-40 of Igneous and Sedimentary Rocks of Al-Atawilah (Al-Baha) in Saudi Arabia","authors":"Bashayer M. Al-Zahrani, H. Alqannas, Safia Hamidalddin","doi":"10.4236/wjnst.2020.104015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjnst.2020.104015","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, gamma-ray spectroscopy based on semiconductor hyper pure germanium (HPGe) detector was used to evaluate the activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (U-238 (Ra-226), Th-232 and K-40) and the fallout nuclide (Cs-137) for thirty samples of igneous and sedimentary rocks of Al-Atawilah (Al-Baha). The mean values of the activity concentrations of U-238 (Ra-226), Th-232, K-40 and Cs-137 in the igneous samples are found as (11.0, 11.50, 1172.71, 1.47) Bq/Kg respectively. In the sedimentary rocks, the mean values of the activity concentrations of the natural radionuclides (U-238 (Ra-226), Th-232 and K-40) and the fallout nuclide (Cs-137) equal to (12.04, 13.18, 1131.36, 1.60) Bq/Kg respectively. The averages of radiological hazards (Raeq, Hex and Iγ) were calculated and found to be within the UNSCEAR permissible limit values (370 Bq/kg for Raeq, and 1 for Hex and Iγ), except for a slight increase of average value of Iγ in the igneous rock samples (1.36). The results indicate that the dose rate values depend on the kind of rocks (high in some igneous rock samples, and most of sedimentary rock samples have low dose rate). The activities of naturalnuclides were predicted and simulated in T time using a written MATLAB R2020a script based on the average activity concentrations and respective half-lives of U-238 and Th-232 series, and K-40, this is to evaluate the future effects of natural radionuclides on the population and estimate the human inputs in the future.","PeriodicalId":61566,"journal":{"name":"核科学与技术国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43915818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Comparison between FAC Analysis Result Using ToSPACE & CHECWORKS Programs and Experimental Result ToSPACE和CHECWORKS程序FAC分析结果与实验结果的比较

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.104014

K. Hwang, Hun Yun, Hyukki Seo, E. Jung, J. Im, K. M. Kim, D. J. Kim

{"title":"Comparison between FAC Analysis Result Using ToSPACE & CHECWORKS Programs and Experimental Result","authors":"K. Hwang, Hun Yun, Hyukki Seo, E. Jung, J. Im, K. M. Kim, D. J. Kim","doi":"10.4236/wjnst.2020.104014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjnst.2020.104014","url":null,"abstract":"A number of piping components in the secondary system of nuclear power plants (NPPs) have been exposed to aging mechanisms such as FAC (Flow-Accelerated Corrosion), cavitation, flashing, LDIE (Liquid Droplet Impingement Erosion), and SPE (Solid Particle Erosion). Those mechanisms may lead to thinning, leaking, or the rupture of components. Due to the pipe ruptures caused by wall thinning of Surry Unit 2 in 1986 and Mihama Unit 3 in 2004, pipe wall thinning management has emerged as one of the most important issues in the nuclear industry. To manage the wall thinning of pipes caused by FAC and erosion, KEPCO-E & C has developed ToSPACE program. It can predict both FAC & erosion phenomena, and also be utilized in the pipe wall thinning management works such as susceptibility analysis, UT (Ultrasonic Test) data evaluation as well as establishment of long-term inspection plan. Even though the ToSPACE can predict the five aging mechanisms mentioned above, only the FAC prediction result using ToSPACE was compared herein with the experimental result using FACTS (Flow Accelerated Corrosion Test System) to verify the ToSPACE’s capability. In addition, the FAC prediction result using ToSPACE was also compared with that of CHECWORKS that is widely used all over the world.","PeriodicalId":61566,"journal":{"name":"核科学与技术国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45486890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Investigation on Fuel Coolant Interaction Using Simulant Ceramic Melts in Water: Insights and Conclusions 模拟陶瓷熔体在水中燃料冷却剂相互作用的实验研究:见解和结论

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-09-09 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.104013

Nitendra Singh, A. Nayak, P. P. Kulkarni

{"title":"Experimental Investigation on Fuel Coolant Interaction Using Simulant Ceramic Melts in Water: Insights and Conclusions","authors":"Nitendra Singh, A. Nayak, P. P. Kulkarni","doi":"10.4236/wjnst.2020.104013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjnst.2020.104013","url":null,"abstract":"Steam explosion is one of the crucial and poorly understood phenomena which may occur during severe accident scenario and may lead to containment failure. In spite of several experimental and analytical studies, the root cause of steam explosion has not been understood. Recent claims in the literature suggest that the presence of fine fragmentation during steam explosion causes its occurrence. In order to investigate this and understand the root cause of steam explosion, series of experiments were performed with 50 g to 2500 g of CaO-B2O3, a corium simulant in 4.5 litre of water. It was observed that steam explosion may occur even in the absence of fine fragments, which is contrary to the claims in the literature. To investigate further, conversion efficiency analysis was performed. This suggested that the amount of thermal energy converted to mechanical energy is more important deciding factor in explaining the occurrence of steam explosion. The present study discusses the importance of conversion efficiency in deciding steam explosion and also gives a new perspective to look at steam explosion phenomenology.","PeriodicalId":61566,"journal":{"name":"核科学与技术国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46728543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Upward Transition Probabilities B(E2)↑ Properties Study of Even-Even 104-114Ru Nuclei 向上转换概率B（E2）↑ 偶104-114Ru核的性质研究

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.103012

T. Islam, Ruhol Amin, Md. Ashraful Alam, J. Islam

引用次数: 0

Americium Transmutation in the SVBR-100 Reactor SVBR-100反应堆中的镅嬗变

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.103011

A. Gulevich, V. Eliseev, O. Komlev, I. Tormyshev, G. Toshinsky

引用次数: 1

Towards Safer and More Sustainable Ways for Exploiting Nuclear Power 以更安全、更可持续的方式开发核能

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-06-16 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.103010

W. Kröger, D. Sornette, Ali Ayoub

{"title":"Towards Safer and More Sustainable Ways for Exploiting Nuclear Power","authors":"W. Kröger, D. Sornette, Ali Ayoub","doi":"10.4236/wjnst.2020.103010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjnst.2020.103010","url":null,"abstract":"Future electricity systems are challenged by deep decarbonization and concurrently increasing demand and there are growing concerns that renewables cannot shoulder this alone. Starting from the proven principle of diversity, we argue for keeping the nuclear option open or even for expanding its use. However, the perspectives are dim for the current technology as safety concerns and social aversion remain as fundamental problems. While looking for future revolutionary safe and more sustainable nuclear concepts we first review the main characteristics of civil nuclear energy, as well as its safety records and technical progress. We then list the key requirements for innovative nuclear systems designs which are less dependent on active safety systems and human performance as well as social stability. This allows us to provide a concept by concept comparison and assessment of existing and novel technologies and designs including different coolants and neutron spectra. The results indicate a high potential for far-reaching improvements compared to most advanced LWRs, although none of the candidate concepts meets all requirements convincingly, yet, helium cooled, small modular reactors (HTR-PM) come closest. We end by stressing the need for future research and development, and keeping human capital and know-how in nuclear energy; we call for an urgent increase in government and international RD&D funding by the order of a few hundreds of billions of USD per year, which will likely lead to breakthroughs that will restart productivity growth in severely affected stagnating modern economies.","PeriodicalId":61566,"journal":{"name":"核科学与技术国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47400033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Analysis of Materials for Heat Transport in Tokamaks 托卡马克热传输材料分析

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-04-06 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.101005

M. Belloni, T. N. Conti

{"title":"Analysis of Materials for Heat Transport in Tokamaks","authors":"M. Belloni, T. N. Conti","doi":"10.4236/wjnst.2020.101005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4236/wjnst.2020.101005","url":null,"abstract":"Every nuclear power reactor, whether of fusion or fission, is essentially a thermal system that generates electricity. In this sense, there are several problems in relation to this heat transport. The model of plasma confinement by magnetic force, in the nuclear fusion (sterellator and tokamak), has only been 20 years and recently some success in the quality of the generated plasma has been achieved. However, due to the large amount of energy coming from the plasma, the choice of the material that will carry the generated energy is quite troublesome, due to the need to handle a very high temperature for the nuclear fission standards. Solutions are explored by the scientific community to transport the energy generated in the case of the primary circuit, after exceeding breakeven temperature and models that are based on the fission reactors of the fourth generation and those currently in operation, to search for solutions regarding the transport of heat generated for the generation of electric energy. Several materials such as pressurized water, sodium, helium and boron have been considered and studied to form the primary heat transfer circuit for the exchanger. A thorough analysis of these materials is necessary. This research looked at some of these materials for heat transport and power generation. Lithium and helium were found to be the probable materials for conveying heat and cooling in the blanket. The results show that research on blanket materials needs more attention. The quality of these materials needs to be improved by material research, with the ODS EUROFER alloy and other research to reduce material erosion by helium nano bubbles. Plasma quality needs to be improved to keep constant and free of impurities when using lithium in liquid form.","PeriodicalId":61566,"journal":{"name":"核科学与技术国际期刊(英文)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49340048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Ground States Structure of Ruthenium Isotopes with Neutron N = 60, 62 中子N = 60,62的钌同位素基态结构

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.102008

I. Hossain, H. H. Kassim, M. Al-Jubbori, F. I. Sharrad, S. Mansour

引用次数: 3

Nucleus Directs the Electronic Structure of the Atom 原子核指导原子的电子结构

核科学与技术国际期刊(英文) Pub Date : 2020-02-14 DOI: 10.4236/wjnst.2020.102009

F. Menegus

引用次数: 0