Journal of Applied Spectroscopy最新文献

{"title":"Optical, Photoluminescence, and Birefringence Studies on ZnO-Dispersed p-n-Nonyloxy Benzoic Acid Liquid Crystals for Display Device Application","authors":"P. Jayaprada,&nbsp;R. K. N. R. Manepalli,&nbsp;N. Usha Rani,&nbsp;T. Anil Kumar,&nbsp;Arif Khan,&nbsp;M. C. Rao,&nbsp;Ravindranadh Koutavarapu,&nbsp;S. Salma Begum","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02138-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02138-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper presents optical and photoluminescence (PL) properties of liquid crystalline (LC) compound-like <i>p-n</i>-nonyloxy (9OBA) benzoic acid, with the dispersion of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) in different concentrations (0.5–2 wt.%). The optical absorbance reveals an absorption peak for pure 9OBA at 240 nm that is shifted to 238 nm upon dispersion of 1 wt.% ZnO NPs. PL studies show two significant peaks at 362 and 588 nm for pure 9OBA and 389 nm for dispersed ZnO NPs. The peak observed at 389 nm corresponds to the near-band-edge emission of free exactions, while the peak at 588 nm is indicative of deep-level emission, resulting from point defects such as vacancies and interstitials within the bandgap. Refractive indices, birefringence, and dispersive power are measured for the prepared samples. The properties related to refractive index, birefringence, and dispersive powers are enhanced through the dispersion of ZnO NPs in the 9OBA LC compound. The refractive indices measured are fitted with two- and three-coefficient Cauchy models. The outcome of the results suggests an enhancement in material properties that are beneficial for display technologies.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"462 - 472"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multivariate Temperature Calibrations Based on Upconversion Fluorescence Spectra of Holmium and Ytterbium-Doped Aluminofluoride Glasses","authors":"S. P. Apanasevich,&nbsp;P. S. Kolodochka,&nbsp;D. A. Korolko,&nbsp;P. A. Kulikovskaya,&nbsp;E. V. Kolobkova,&nbsp;I. A. Khodasevich,&nbsp;M. A. Khodasevich","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02124-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02124-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Machine learning methods (principal component analysis, support vector regression, and partial least squares) along with the traditional ratiometric method were used to calibrate the temperature based on upconversion fluorescence spectra of Ho³⁺ in aluminofluoride glasses in the wavelength ranges 505–560 nm and 605–670 nm for the temperature range from 30 to 105°C. The best calibration models among the methods considered were obtained by partial least squares with searching the combination of moving window partial least squares with the fluorescence spectra of 95MgCaSrBaYAl₂F₁₄–5Ba(PO₃)₂:5%Yb³⁺,0.1%Ho³⁺ glass. The absolute sensitivity of the temperature calibration of 0.021 K^–1 and temperature uncertainty of 0.12 K achieved by machine learning methods significantly exceeded the characteristics of the ratiometric method.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"354 - 359"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a Detection Method and Comparative Characteristic of the Reaction of the Photosynthetic Apparatus of Microalgae to the Action of Toxic Substances","authors":"Hu Li,&nbsp;Fu Qiang,&nbsp;Yin Gao Fang,&nbsp;Wang Wei,&nbsp;Du Haotian","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02140-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02140-y","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;The algal photosynthetic inhibition method for biological toxicity detection offers advantages such as rapid response and simple measurement. To address the insufficient response sensitivity of existing photosynthetic fluorescence parameters to typical photosystem I (PSI) inhibitors, this study developed a comprehensive parameter index (CPI) for aquatic biological toxicity, which is established based on the segmented inhibition characteristics of the fluorescence kinetic curve. CPI was systematically compared with the commonly used chlorophyll fluorescence parameters: the maximum quantum yield of photosystem II (&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;v&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;) and the performance index on an absorption basis (PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;). The comparison focused on three key aspects: toxicity response time, response sensitivity, and stability, and the results indicated that, unlike &lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;v&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;/&lt;i&gt;F&lt;/i&gt;&lt;sub&gt;&lt;i&gt;m&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/sub&gt;, both CPI and PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt; exhibited shorter toxicity response times and higher response sensitivities when exposed to typical photosystem I (PSI) and photosystem II (PSII) inhibitors. Consequently, subsequent investigations focused exclusively on evaluating the representational efficacy of these two parameters (CPI and PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;). For the PSII inhibitor Atrazine, when CPI and PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt; were employed as response parameters, the limits of detection (LODs) for short-term inhibition (15 min) were 6.65 and 4.49 μg/L, respectively, and for longterm inhibition (4 h) they were 2.22 and 2.44 μg/L, respectively. No significant difference in response sensitivity was observed between CPI and PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt; against the PSII inhibitor; however, with respect to the PSI inhibitor &lt;i&gt;Paraquat&lt;/i&gt;, when using CPI and PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt; for toxicity characterization the LODs were 0.68 and 1.21 mg/L for short-term inhibition (15 min), and 0.22 and 0.42 mg/L for long-term inhibition (8 h). Specifically, for PSI inhibitors, the LODs of CPI for both short-term and long-term inhibition were approximately reduced by 50% lower than those obtained with PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;. In terms of the stability of toxicity response, the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for the PSII inhibitor Atrazine were 5.15% (CPI) and 14.14% (PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;) after a short exposure duration of 15 min, and 4.43% (CPI) and 5.38% (PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;) after an extended exposure duration of 4 h. For the PSI inhibitor &lt;i&gt;Paraquat&lt;/i&gt;, the RSDs were 10.18% (CPI) and 32.79% (PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;) after 15 min, and 3.30% (CPI) and 13.54% (PI&lt;sub&gt;abs&lt;/sub&gt;) after 8 h. These results confirmed that CPI demonstrated superior performance in ensuring the stability of toxicity characterization for both representative inhibitors. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that the CPI can be effectively applied for the highly sensitive detection of biological toxicity induced by both PSI and PSII inhibitors. This not only resolves the issue of low response sensitivity of t","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"481 - 488"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Luminescence of Europium(III) Hexafluoroacetylacetonate and Trifluoroacetate with 2,2'-dipyridyl","authors":"I. V. Kalinovskaya,&nbsp;A. G. Mirochnik","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02114-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02114-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Crystalline luminescent complexes of europium(III) with hexafluoroacetylacetone, trifluoroacetic acid, and 2,2'-dipyridyl were obtained. The luminescence properties and kinetics of the photodecomposition of these complexes in high-pressure polyethylene were studied. The complex of europium(III) with 2,2'-dipyridyl was shown to have greater photostability. The photoluminescence spectra were shown to result from f–f transitions of the europium(III) ion.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"280 - 285"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Properties of Poly(9,9-Di-N-Octylfluorenyl-2,7-Diyl)-Based Polymer Light-Emitting Applications","authors":"Fayroz A. Sabah,&nbsp;Ibrahim Abdul Razak,&nbsp;E. A. Kabaa,&nbsp;Nor Azura Abdul Rahim","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02131-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02131-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorenyl-2,7-diyl) (PFO) polymer-based light-emitting diodes (PLEDs) were synthesized using toluene and tetrahydrofuran (THF). The PFO-based PLEDs were deposited onto polyaniline (emeraldine base) (PANI)/ITO using the doctor blade technique, followed by structural, morphological, topographical, and electrical properties of the polymer films were examined. The chemical bonds, absorbance and photoluminescence (PL) spectra of the samples were also investigated, and the effect of the precursor solvent on these characteristics of PFO-based PLEDs was studied, revealing that the toluene–PFO film (higher viscosity and surface roughness) displayed a higher PL intensity. Polarity affects the emission wavelength by causing a red shift in the PL spectra to the THF–PFO film, which is attributable to its higher polarity index. Vapor pressure was shown to cause switching of the PL intensity for both PFO-based PLEDs. The results also revealed poor color quality in the green emission at 2.2 to 2.4 eV; thus, viscosity, vapor pressure and polarity of the solvents strongly affect the characteristics of PFO thin films. The precursor solvent for the synthesis of PFO can be considered a tuning factor for the emission of PFO-based PLED.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"404 - 411"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of a High-Speed Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Imaging System with a Pixel Sampling Rate Exceeding 2000 Hz","authors":"Shudi Zhang,&nbsp;Binbin Xu,&nbsp;Fangfang Chen,&nbsp;Yupei Chen,&nbsp;Hongtan Wu,&nbsp;Gueyhorng Wang","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02136-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02136-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Elemental imaging is widely attracting attention from various scientific fields, but it suffers from slow sampling speed using conventional Nd:YAG lasers (&lt;100 Hz) and motorized stages. Moreover, using these higher-quality techniques to accelerate the imaging speed to 1000 Hz would be costly. To provide an even faster and more cost-effective elemental imaging alternative, this research integrated a high-repetition-rate fiber laser, a galvanometric scanner, an F-Theta lens, and a high-speed spectrometer to build a high-speed laser-induced breakdown spectrometry imaging system. By optimizing the instrumentation and laser/spectrometer parameters, the spectrum signal was significantly improved compared with that produced by the original system. The limit of detection values for Cu, Mg, Mn, Si, and Cr were calculated to be 422.6, 361.3, 256.4, 481.9, and 300.3 μg/g, respectively. After the moving parameters of the galvanometric scanner were thoroughly adjusted, a maximum pixel sampling rate of 2013 Hz was achieved. A real rock sample was tested using the imaging system, by which the distribution pattern of nine elements — Mg, Al, Si, K, Li, O, Sr, Fe, and Na — was clearly determined to be in accordance with the different regions of color in the corresponding photograph. The results verify the viability of the high-speed imaging system devised in this study.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"441 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photoluminescence and Thermoluminescence Studies of LaAlO3 Perovskite Doped with Dy3+","authors":"R. S. Kundu,&nbsp;R. Shrivastava","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02127-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02127-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The preparation of LaAlO₃ doped with various concentrations of Dy³⁺ via a solid-state reaction technique is reported. Optimum photoluminescence (PL) emission was observed for 3.0 mol.% dopant. The critical distance between the activators for the optimum PL case was 3.330 Å. PL emission peaks centered at 478 and 494 nm and at 590 and 615 nm were observed and attributed to the ⁴<i>F</i>_9/2 → ⁶<i>H</i>_15/2 and ⁴<i>F</i>_9/2 → ⁶<i>H</i>_13/2 transitions of Dy³⁺, respectively. The thermoluminescence glow curve shape factors for various cases indicated the existence of second-order kinetics with deeper traps with activation energies in the range of 0.44–0.46 eV.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"373 - 378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Solvatochromism of Polymethine Dyes as a Basis for Developing New Molecular Probes","authors":"A. S. Tatikolov,&nbsp;P. G. Pronkin","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02112-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02112-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The solvatochromism of polymethine (cyanine) dyes (PDs) was studied to determine the influence of solvent properties on their spectral characteristics. For this purpose, absorption and fluorescence spectra of PDs of various classes were measured in solvents of different nature (from highly polar to nonpolar and from proton-donating to aprotic). A correlation was established between the absorption and fluorescence maxima of PDs (ν_abs and ν_fl, respectively) and the polarity (dielectric constant ε) and polarizability (refractive index n) of the solvent based on the obtained experimental results and available literature data. It has been shown that the ν_abs and ν_fl values correlated poorly with the Bayliss function <i>f</i>(<i>n</i>²) = (<i>n</i>² – 1)/(2<i>n</i>² + 1). However, good linear correlations were achieved by combining the Bayliss function with the solvent dielectric constant functions f(ε) or ϕ(ε) in the form <i>f</i>(<i>n</i>²) + αf(ε) or <i>f</i>(<i>n</i>²) + αϕ(ε) [where f (ε) = (ε – 1)/(2ε + 1) and ϕ(ε) = (ε – 1)/(ε + 2)]. Such correlations were found for the symmetric PDs carbo-, dicarbo-, and, partially, tricarbocyanines and monomethines. No significant effects of the proton-donating ability or nucleophilicity of the solvent on such correlations were found. Therefore, solvent polarizability and polarity were the dominant factors determining the spectral shifts of symmetric PDs. The results provided a basis for using symmetric PCs as probes and sensors of the polarity/polarizability of the molecular environment in various systems with potential applications in biochemistry, biophysics, and other research fields.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"264 - 272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bulk Elemental Analysis of Human Teeth Using Low-Energy Photon Attenuation and Gamma-Ray Spectrometry","authors":"Omar Medhat Mostafa,&nbsp;M. E. Medhat","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02130-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02130-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We present an analytical technique for quantifying the elemental composition of human teeth using low-energy photon attenuation in the 10–150 keV range. The method leverages the strong atomic number (<i>Z</i>) dependence of the photoelectric effect, facilitating the precise identification and quantification of major constituents (e.g., Ca, P) and trace elements (e.g., Na, Mg). Dental samples, representing demographic groups from children to elderly individuals, were analyzed using a high-purity germanium (HPGe) γ-ray spectrometer, configured for high energy resolution at low photon energies. Experimental mass attenuation coefficients were validated against both Geant4 Monte Carlo simulations and the XCOM database, demonstrating strong agreement with deviations consistently below 5%. The technique offers distinct advantages over surface-sensitive methods for obtaining depth-averaged compositional data.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"393 - 403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148667119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanisms of Broadband Structural Luminescence of Disordered Wide-gap Dielectrics","authors":"S. E. Maksimov,&nbsp;Yu.V. Pakharukov,&nbsp;Sh.U. Yuldashev,&nbsp;O. V. Trunilina,&nbsp;B. L. Oksengendler,&nbsp;B. R. Kutlimurotov,&nbsp;Kh.B. Ashurov","doi":"10.1007/s10812-026-02113-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-026-02113-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Possible mechanisms of broadband structural luminescence in the transparency band of disordered wide-gap dielectrics were considered theoretically for the case of electronic transitions at deep-lying levels of intrinsic structural defects such as valence-alternation pairs in v-SiO₂. It was concluded that the main mechanism was the geminate recombination of carriers at deep-lying levels of valence-alternation pairs. It was shown that accompanying mechanisms could be associated with polaron effects on isolated centers and phenomena on delocalized defect states.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"93 2","pages":"273 - 279"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148666947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}