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Impact of Self-Focused Q-Gaussian Laser Beam on Second Harmonic Generation in Collisional Plasma
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01899-w
K. Walia, R. Singh
{"title":"Impact of Self-Focused Q-Gaussian Laser Beam on Second Harmonic Generation in Collisional Plasma","authors":"K. Walia,&nbsp;R. Singh","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01899-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01899-w","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The present communication explores the impact of the self-focused q-Gaussian laser beam on the second harmonic generation (SHG) in collisional plasma. In the case of collisional plasma, the generation of density gradients takes place in a perpendicular direction due to carrier redistribution on account of nonuniform heating. Due to density gradients, electron plasma wave (EPW) is produced at pump beam frequency. EPW interacts with the pump beam, producing SHG. The well-known Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin approximation and paraxial theory are used for deriving 2nd-order ODE for the beam waist of the main beam and the efficiency of the 2nd harmonic. A numerical solution of equations is carried out by using the supreme variables of laser and plasma. It is observed from analysis that the beam's focusing ability and the efficiency of the 2nd harmonic are enhanced with the increase in laser intensity, density of plasma electrons, radius of beam and q-values.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"210 - 217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Nano NiO Thin Film Determined Using Continuous Wave Low-Power Laser
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01892-3
Eman Abdulmajed Saied
{"title":"Third-Order Nonlinear Optical Properties of Nano NiO Thin Film Determined Using Continuous Wave Low-Power Laser","authors":"Eman Abdulmajed Saied","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01892-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01892-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Nickel oxide nanoparticles (NiO) were produced using the sol-gel dip-coating method to create NiO/glass and silicon thin film. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy were used to examine the film’s structural and optical properties. The nonlinear optical characteristics of the nickel oxide thin film were examined using the open aperture and close aperture <i>Z</i>-scan methods at wavelengths of 532 and 635 nm. Manipulating the laser optical intensities and wavelengths altered the refractive index of the samples in that increasing the laser intensities and wavelengths led to a decrease in the nonlinear refractive index. The nonlinear absorption coefficient exhibited a negative correlation with laser intensity and a small decreasing relationship with the wavelength.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"159 - 165"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Learning for the Identification of Lung Cancer Tumors
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01893-2
Han Li, Haoran Sun, Xun Gao
{"title":"Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Learning for the Identification of Lung Cancer Tumors","authors":"Han Li,&nbsp;Haoran Sun,&nbsp;Xun Gao","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01893-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01893-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The diagnosis of lung cancer has always been a challenging clinical issue. In this work, we use laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) combined with machine learning to differentiate samples of lung cancer tumors from those of normal tissues. Sample plasma was collected by laser ablation at 1064 nm to obtain the characteristic spectra of lung tumor and normal tissue samples. Twelve lines of C, Mg, Ca, C–N, Na, and K were selected for the diagnosis of malignancy. Principal component analysis (PCA), support vector machine (SVM), <i>k</i>-nearest neighbors (KNN), Decision Tree, and Bagged Tree were used to establish the discrimination model for tumors and normal tissue. A 10-fold cross-validation method was used to evaluate the discrimination model. The results showed that the integrated learning Bagged Tree model performed best, with an overall accuracy of 98.9%, sensitivity and specificity of 98.6 and 99.3%, respectively, and an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.982. This study suggests that LIBS can be used as a fast and accurate means of identifying human lung tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"166 - 174"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of the Colorimetric Charge Transfer Complex for Estimation of Cefpodoxime Proxetil in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Preparations
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01897-y
Elif Ozdemir, Ayca Karasakal
{"title":"Development and Validation of the Colorimetric Charge Transfer Complex for Estimation of Cefpodoxime Proxetil in Bulk and Pharmaceutical Preparations","authors":"Elif Ozdemir,&nbsp;Ayca Karasakal","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01897-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01897-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Cefpodoxime proxetil (CFP) is a third-generation cephalosporins group antibiotic which is an antibacterial beta-lactam agent that is used in the treatment of acute otitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis and lower respiratory tract infections (e.g. pinomonia and bronchitis). A simple, fast and sensitive spectrophotometric method was developed for the determination of cefpodoxime proxetile in bulk and pharmaceutical preparations. The proposed method was based on the charge transfer interactions of cefpodoxime proxetil as <i>n</i>-electron donor with 7,7,8,8-tetracyan oquinodimethane (TCNQ) as the <i>π</i>-acceptor. In addition, the described method was validated in accordance with the requirements of ICH guidelines. The absorbance was measured at 596 nm. The parameter of linearity, LOD, LOQ, accuracy, precision and recovery were also evaluated. The assay was linear over the concentration range of 3.0–15.0 μg/mL. The correlation coefficient was obtained 0.9997 for CFP. LOD and LOQ values were found to be 0.036 and 0.108 μg/mL, respectively. Recovery values were obtained ranging from 99.97 to 101.3% according to the standard addition method. The performance of the proposed method was evaluated in terms of the student’s <i>t</i>-test and variance ratio <i>F</i>-test to find out the significance of the proposed methods over the reference spectrophotometric method. The developed method was successfully applied for estimation of CFP in a pure form and as a pharmaceutical preparate.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"197 - 201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Self-Focusing of Asymmetric Finite Airy-Gaussian Laser Beams in Plasma with Exponential Density Ramp
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01898-x
P. P. Nikam, V. S. Pawar, P. P. Patil, M. V. Takale, S. D. Patil
{"title":"Self-Focusing of Asymmetric Finite Airy-Gaussian Laser Beams in Plasma with Exponential Density Ramp","authors":"P. P. Nikam,&nbsp;V. S. Pawar,&nbsp;P. P. Patil,&nbsp;M. V. Takale,&nbsp;S. D. Patil","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01898-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01898-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Based on paraxial and Wentzel–Kramers–Brillouin (WKB) approximations, we investigated density transitionbased self-focusing of asymmetric finite Airy-Gaussian (AiG) beams in plasma. The relativistic nonlinearity in the dielectric constant of plasma is considered. The electric field distribution of asymmetric finite AiG beams is expressed in terms of beam-width parameters<i> f</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>f</i><sub>2</sub> with respective modulation parameters <i>a</i> and <i>b</i> in transverse dimensions of the beam. The coupled differential equations governing the behavior of <i>f</i><sub>1</sub> and <i>f</i><sub>2</sub> with dimensionless propagation distance ξ are established from the parabolic equation approach. The effect of the exponential density ramp profile on the self-focusing of asymmetric finite AiG beams is presented. The sensitiveness of asymmetry in <i>a</i> and <i>b</i> parameters of finite AiG beam and exponential density ramp of plasma is specifically highlighted.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"202 - 209"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Naringin in Bulk Followed by Its Solubility Study
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01895-0
Simran Dixit, Kirti Aggarwal, Kalpana Nagpal
{"title":"Development and Validation of UV Spectrophotometric Method for the Estimation of Naringin in Bulk Followed by Its Solubility Study","authors":"Simran Dixit,&nbsp;Kirti Aggarwal,&nbsp;Kalpana Nagpal","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01895-0","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01895-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The aim of this study was to develop an ultraviolet spectrophotometry-based analysis method for determining naringin in bulk solutions, as well as to validate it for linearity, precision, accuracy, LOD, and LOQ. The study devised and validated a procedure to accurately detect naringin in a bulk solution using a comparatively economical, more reliable, and efficient technique. We are expecting similar results with comparable accuracy to the existing expensive techniques but with minimized risks. We utilized pure naringin (API) and methanol (solvent) to develop the method and further used water, isopropyl alcohol, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butan-1-ol, mustard oil, neem oil, citronella oil, tea tree oil, and lemongrass oil to check its solubility. The calibration curve obtained for naringin using the developed method was found to be robust (standards relative standard deviation (%RSD) = 1.54–1.95% at 1 nm difference in wavelength); exhibited linearity (<i>R</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.9974); had a precision of %RSD 1.02–2.89% (intraday) and 1.09–3.4% (interday); and an accuracy revealed by the % recovery range 98.43–107.62% at three levels, i.e., 80, 100, and 120%. These values are comparable to those obtained for HPLC, LC-MS, and LC. The solubility test was carried out using this developed method, and naringin proved to be the most soluble in methanol (10.470 ± 0.03 mg/mL) and in tea tree oil (4.332 ± 0.015 mg/mL) among the polar and nonpolar solvents. The method is applied for naringin solubility determination.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"183 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
One-Step Synthesis of Zr/Cl-Doped Carbon Dots as Fluorescent Probes for the Determination of Rutin
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01894-1
Dan Han, Xiaoxue Niu, Jing Wang, Zihong Yan
{"title":"One-Step Synthesis of Zr/Cl-Doped Carbon Dots as Fluorescent Probes for the Determination of Rutin","authors":"Dan Han,&nbsp;Xiaoxue Niu,&nbsp;Jing Wang,&nbsp;Zihong Yan","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01894-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01894-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Zr and Cl double-doped carbon dots (Zr/Cl-CDs) were prepared by a one-step hydrothermal method using citric acid, urea, and ZrCl<sub>4</sub> as precursors. Zr/Cl-CDs were characterized by ultra-violet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Experimental analysis revealed that the average size of Zr/Cl-CDs was 2–3 nm, while XPS analysis revealed the presence of C–Cl and Zr–O bonds. The fluorescence quantum yield of the final CDs was 17.5% at the excitation of 360 nm. In addition, Zr/Cl-CDs exhibited excellent performance in the detection of rutin with a concentration of 30–110 and 100–160 μmol/L, respectively. Linear correlation coefficients (R<sup>2</sup>) were 0.9931 and 0.9962. The underlying mechanism was that rutin had an excellent quenching effect on the emission of the Zr/Cl-CDs as the fluorescence intensity exhibited a good linear relationship between rutin concentration and fluorescence intensity. These findings provide a new strategy for synthesizing double-doped CDs for rutin detection.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"175 - 182"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Spectrophotometric Approach for Quantitative Analysis of a New Transthyretin Stabilizer: Tafamidis
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01896-z
N. Agarwal, R. Patil, S. Sharma
{"title":"Spectrophotometric Approach for Quantitative Analysis of a New Transthyretin Stabilizer: Tafamidis","authors":"N. Agarwal,&nbsp;R. Patil,&nbsp;S. Sharma","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01896-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01896-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The development of simple to use, cost-effective, accurate, and precise UV spectrophotometry is the objective of this study. Validation characteristics such as specificity, linearity, accuracy, precision, limit of detection, limit of quantification, and robustness were evaluated in accordance with ICH Q2(R1) guidelines. The drug was measured to have the maximum absorbance at a wavelength of 310 nm. The solution remains stable for up to 12 h. The equation <i>y</i> = 0.1724<i>x</i> – 0.0443, with an <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> of 0.9995, was used to demonstrate the linear response for tafamidis concentration ranges of 2–12 μg/mL. It was found that the accuracy ranged from 100–103%. The intraday and interday precision for repeatability fell within the acceptable parameters (&lt;2%). The technique's limit of detection was 0.112 μg/mL and the limit of quantification was 0.34 μg/mL. The proposed validated method can be applied to standard quality control purposes as well as tafamidis analysis in pharmaceutical doses form.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"191 - 196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hydroxyapatite Coating on Alkaline-Treated Titanium Through Electrochemical Deposition
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01889-y
N. V. Tung, L. T. Tam, L. T. M. Phuong, V. L. A. Duc, V. D. Kien, V. T. P. Thuy, N. H. Viet, N. V. Hung, B. T. Hoan, N. M. C. H. P. Lan, V.-H. Pham
{"title":"Hydroxyapatite Coating on Alkaline-Treated Titanium Through Electrochemical Deposition","authors":"N. V. Tung,&nbsp;L. T. Tam,&nbsp;L. T. M. Phuong,&nbsp;V. L. A. Duc,&nbsp;V. D. Kien,&nbsp;V. T. P. Thuy,&nbsp;N. H. Viet,&nbsp;N. V. Hung,&nbsp;B. T. Hoan,&nbsp;N. M. C. H. P. Lan,&nbsp;V.-H. Pham","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01889-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01889-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been successfully coated on alkaline-treated titanium (NaOH-treated Ti) through an electrochemical method using a solution containing Ca(NO<sub>3</sub>)<sub>2</sub> × 4H<sub>2</sub>O and NH<sub>4</sub>H<sub>2</sub>PO<sub>4</sub> at 80°C. Pure Ti substrates were immersed in 5M NaOH solution at 80°C for 24 h. XRD results confi rmed the formation of an HA layer on the surface of the Ti substrates. The SEM result has shown that the structure of the HA layer contains a ribbon-like morphology with a diameter of ~120 nm. HA coating enhanced the hydrophilic properties compared with the surface of bare Ti substrates. Moreover, HA coating showed excellent biocompatibility as demonstrated by cell attachment in vitro at 72 h of culturing, which is a promising coating method of HA on NaOH-treated Ti for titanium implants.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"141 - 145"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
ZnS Nanoparticles as Efficient Photocatalysts for Dye Decomposition
IF 0.8 4区 化学
Journal of Applied Spectroscopy Pub Date : 2025-03-11 DOI: 10.1007/s10812-025-01890-5
Bharati N. Patil
{"title":"ZnS Nanoparticles as Efficient Photocatalysts for Dye Decomposition","authors":"Bharati N. Patil","doi":"10.1007/s10812-025-01890-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10812-025-01890-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Recently zinc sulphides (ZnS) have been widely used in research due to their distinct catalytic properties. These investigations have demonstrated that the quick electron–hole pair production caused by photo-excitation makes ZnS nanocrystals effective photocatalysts. When ZnS is prepared using a surfactant, a change of phase is observed from ZnS-cubic to wurtzite. Ethylene diamine is used as a surfactant for the preparation of ZnS in a hydrothermal method. The prepared sample was evaluated for photophysical characteristics by X-ray diffraction method, XPS, and UV/Vis spectra. Under UV light, the photocatalytic activity of ZnS with and without surfactant is accessed for photocatalytic decomposition of different dyes. When comparing the photocatalytic activity of ZnS with and without surfactant, ZnS with surfactant exhibits greater catalytic activity.</p>","PeriodicalId":609,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Applied Spectroscopy","volume":"92 1","pages":"146 - 150"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2025-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143668242","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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