中华儿科杂志最新文献

{"title":"[Advances in application of artificial intelligence in pediatrics].","authors":"H F Liu, Q Lu, H M Fu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250818-00766","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250818-00766","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1155-1158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Giant hypertrophic gastropathy with Epstein-Barr virus encoded small RNA positive in a child].","authors":"Y Han, L Q Zhou, Y Liu, J D Yu, Y Y Luo","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250502-00383","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250502-00383","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1149-1151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Consensus on early screening, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250710-00597","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250710-00597","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1066-1072"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical characteristics and D-mannose treatment outcomes in 5 children with mannose phosphate isomerase-congenital disorders of glycosylation].","authors":"Y Zhang, L T Li, N L Wang, Y C Li, Z H Guan, J Z Tian, L Chen, W Y Fang, J S Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250513-00403","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250513-00403","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To analyze the clinical characteristics of mannose phosphate isomerase-congenital disorders of glycosylation (MPI-CDG) and evaluated the outcomes following D-mannose treatment. <b>Methods:</b> This case-series study analyzed clinical manifestations, laboratory findings, imaging results, genetic data, and outcomes after D-mannose therapy in 5 children with MPI-CDG diagnosed at the Children's Hospital of Fudan University between December 2014 and December 2024. <b>Results:</b> The age of onset ranged from 0.3 to 0.4 years in all 5 children, who initially presented with diarrhea and hypoglycemia. Associated manifestations included short stature (3 cases), anemia (3 cases), splenomegaly (3 cases), hepatomegaly (4 cases), elevated transaminases (4 cases), and hypoalbuminemia (4 cases). Liver pathology revealed hepatic fibrosis in 3 cases. Genetic testing identified 8 variants in the MPI gene, including 2 novel variants. Following D-mannose treatment, diarrhea and hypoglycemia resolved within 1-2 weeks in all children, with concurrent improvement in anemia. Notably except for Patient 1, who developed progressive splenomegaly, worsening hepatic fibrosis, and portal hypertension despite persistently normal transaminase and albumin levels, the other 4 children showed improvement in transaminase levels, resolution of hypoalbuminemia and amelioration of imaging abnormalities. <b>Conclusions:</b> MPI-CDG typically manifests in infancy with diarrhea and hypoglycemia, often accompanied by multi-system involvement. D-mannose treatment significantly improves metabolic abnormalities and most organ damages. However, close surveillance of liver status is warranted due to the risk of hepatic fibrosis progression in some cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1136-1141"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Long-term prognostic follow-up analysis of multiphasic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease in children].","authors":"X T Chang, S R Li, J Zhang, C J Wei, H Xie, Y Wu, Y H Zhang, X H Bao, Y Zhang, X Z Chang, T Y Ji, Y W Jiang, Y Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250716-00632","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250716-00632","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><b>Objective:</b> To investigate the long-term prognosis and related factors in children with multiphasic myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated disease (MOGAD). <b>Methods:</b> A bidirectional cohort study was conducted. This study included 41 children with MOGAD who were treated at the Children's Medical Center of Peking University First Hospital between January 2013 and December 2024, with a disease duration of ≥5 years. Demographic characteristics, clinical episodes, therapy, and prognostic indicators (including the expanded disability status scale (EDSS) and modified Rankin scale (mRS)) were collected. Children were stratified into relapse and non-relapse groups based on the presence or absence of relapse within 5 years of the last follow-up. <i>χ</i>² test or Mann-Whitney <i>U</i> test was used to analyze factors associated with relapse. The Log-rank test was used to compare relapse-free rates between children with disease onset 0-<5 years and those with onset at 5-10 years. <b>Results:</b> A total of 41 children were enrolled, including 20 boys and 21 girls. The age at onset was 5.3 (3.8, 8.5) years, the age at last follow-up was 16.1 (13.2, 17.5) years, and the disease duration was 9.4 (8.1, 10.9) years. The annualized relapse rate (ARR) during follow-up was 0.34 (0.19, 0.56) times/year. The duration to first relapse was 0.8 (0.4, 1.5) years. At the last follow-up, the EDSS score was 0.0 (0.0, 0.0) score, and the mRS score was 0 (0, 0) score. A total of 40 children (98%) experienced relapses within the first 5 years after onset, while only 1 child (2%) relapsed at 6.7 years. The relapse rate between 5-10 years was lower than that between 0-<5 years (<i>HR</i>=0.27, 95%<i>CI</i> 0.16-0.47, <i>P</i><0.001). A total of 25 children (61.0%) exhibited clustered relapses during the disease course. There were 20 children (49%) in non-relapse groups, who were aged 16.6 (14.8, 17.6) years, disease duration 9.8 (9.3, 10.8) years at the last follow-up. Among those 20 children, 15 children (75%) had discontinued corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. The relapse group had higher clinical event rates and ARR compared to the relapse-free group (both <i>P</i><0.01), the age at last follow-up was yonger (<i>P</i><0.05), while no significant differences were observed in age at onset, disease duration, or timing of immunosuppressant use (all <i>P</i>>0.05). <b>Conclusions:</b> Pediatric multiphasic MOGAD generally has a favorable prognosis, about half of patients remain relapse-free for ≥5 years at last follow-up. Relapses predominantly occur early in the disease course (mostly within 5 years of onset) and often exhibit a clustered pattern.</p>","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1079-1084"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert recommendations for the diagnosis and management of pediatric chikungunya fever (2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250805-00720","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250805-00720","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1073-1078"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Advances in the application of intestinal ultrasound in pediatric inflammatory bowel disease].","authors":"X Y An, X L Ye, Z K Lyu, J Wu","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250527-00452","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250527-00452","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1159-1162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Expert consensus on anticoagulant therapy for pediatric venous thromboembolism in children (2025)].","authors":"","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250430-00379","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250430-00379","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1058-1065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Clinical features of familial hypercholesterolemia in children].","authors":"S Y Huang, F Y Song, X O Wang, Y Song, T Q Wang, M Du, Z Q Liu, Y P Wang, B Y Cao","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250531-00465","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250531-00465","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Objective:&lt;/b&gt; To analyze the clinical characteristics of familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in children and provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and individualized treatment. &lt;b&gt;Methods:&lt;/b&gt; Case series study. Clinical data of 24 children with FH, who were admitted to the Department of Endocrinology in Capital Center for Children's Health, Capital Medical University, from January 2018 to January 2025, were analyzed. Follow-ups were performed every 3-6 months and ended in January 2025. According to the results of genetic testing, the children were divided into homozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HoFH) group and heterozygous familial hypercholesterolemia (HeFH) group. The blood lipid levels of different subtypes, the efficacy of different treatments, and clinical outcomes were compared by Mann-Whitney &lt;i&gt;U&lt;/i&gt; test. &lt;b&gt;Results:&lt;/b&gt; The 24 children were from 17 families, including 14 males and 10 females, with a diagnostic age of 5.0 (3.0, 9.5) years. Genetic testing results showed that 22 cases (92%) had LDLR gene variants and 2 cases (8%) had APOB gene variants, all of which were inherited from parents. There were 5 cases (21%) of HoFH and 19 cases (79%) of HeFH, and 4 previously unreported new loci were identified. There were 6 children (25%) presented with xanthomas, including 5 cases of HoFH and 1 case of HeFH. The level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the HoFH group was significantly higher than that in the HeFH group (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05). Regarding treatment, 11 children received dietary control without taking medicine, 6 were treated with statins, 3 with ezetimibe, and 3 with statins combined with ezetimibe, and 1 underwent liver transplantation. None of the children receiving only dietary control achieved the target LDL-C level (&lt;3.49 mmol/L or a reduction of &gt;50%), and there was no statistically significant difference in LDL-C before and after dietary control (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;=0.158). After treatment with statins and (or) ezetimibe, LDL-C decreased in 12 children (&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&lt;0.05); among them, 6 cases (all HeFH) reached the target LDL-C level. There was no statistically difference in LDL-C levels before and after treatment with atorvastatin and ezetimibe in 5 HoFH children(&lt;i&gt;P&lt;/i&gt;&gt;0.05). One HoFH child had LDL-C reduced to the normal range after liver transplantation. No serious adverse reactions were observed in all children during drug treatment. In the detection of vascular-related complications among 12 HeFH children, only 1 child had a slight thickening of the bilateral carotid intima-media, while no abnormalities were found in the others. &lt;b&gt;Conclusions:&lt;/b&gt; Xanthoma is a characteristic manifestation of FH, but its incidence is relatively low in HeFH children. Family history and genetic testing are key evidences for the diagnosis of FH. Dietary control has limited efficacy in children with FH, and drug treatment should be initiated as early as possible. LDL-C levels in HoFH children are more difficult to control","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1131-1135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Promote the application and innovation of artificial intelligence in pediatric neurological diseases].","authors":"Y Wang","doi":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250722-00671","DOIUrl":"10.3760/cma.j.cn112140-20250722-00671","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":60813,"journal":{"name":"中华儿科杂志","volume":"63 10","pages":"1045-1047"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145082494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}