JOMPub Date : 2025-09-12DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07731-2
Xie Xin, Hu Hao, Yang Xiaodong, Wu Chenhui, Li Yugang, Long Mujun, Chen Dengfu
{"title":"Effect of Turbulence Inhibitor Ribs on “Open Eye” Formation in a Slab Tundish","authors":"Xie Xin, Hu Hao, Yang Xiaodong, Wu Chenhui, Li Yugang, Long Mujun, Chen Dengfu","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07731-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07731-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The turbulence inhibitor (TI) significantly influences the flow field in the tundish. Through physical and numerical simulations, this study investigated the effects of ribs at the TI bottom on open eye formation and molten steel flow behavior in the tundish. Industrial trials were subsequently conducted to validate an optimized installation strategy. The results show that the presence of ribs significantly altered the flow direction, increased the flow length, reduced the open eye area by 6.1% to 7.3%, and decreased the loss of acid-soluble aluminum in molten steel by 13.8 to 16.2 ppm. Furthermore, aligning the ribs parallel to the tundish longitudinal axis exhibited superior performance in suppressing open eye formation, accompanied by reduced burn-off of acid-soluble aluminum in molten steel compared to alternative configurations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 11","pages":"8557 - 8568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Nanoparticle Content on the Magnetic, Thermal, and Optical Properties of CoFe2O4/PVP Nanocomposites","authors":"Fatemeh Dehghan, Hassan Khandan Fadafan, Hossein Mighani","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07729-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07729-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) is widely used due to its solubility, film-forming ability, and biocompatibility. However, its low thermal stability and lack of magnetic properties limit its use in high-temperature and magnetic-field-responsive applications. To overcome these drawbacks, cobalt ferrite (CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>)/PVP nanocomposites were synthesized with varying filler contents (0.5, 2, and 3 wt.%) using a conventional casting method. The materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), field- emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), vibrating sample magnetometry (VSM), and UV-Vis spectroscopy. XRD confirmed the spinel structure with an average crystallite size of 38.9 nm. FESEM showed nanoparticles (~ 42.1 nm) dispersed within the PVP matrix, with slight agglomeration. TGA revealed enhanced thermal stability at higher filler contents, indicated by increased degradation temperatures and char yield. VSM measurements demonstrated improved magnetization with increasing CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> content. UV-Vis spectroscopy showed a reduction in optical bandgap from 3.75 eV (pure PVP) to 2.32 eV (3 wt.% nanocomposite), attributed to quantum confinement and interfacial interactions. These findings confirm that incorporating CoFe<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanoparticles into PVP effectively enhances its thermal, magnetic, and optical properties, broadening its potential for advanced functional applications.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 11","pages":"8166 - 8176"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07697-1
Ta Duong, Douglas E. Spearot
{"title":"Modelling Metal Plasticity and Damage with Constitutive Artificial Neural Networks","authors":"Ta Duong, Douglas E. Spearot","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07697-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07697-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study presents the application of constitutive artificial neural networks (CANNs) to model the flow stress and failure strain of steels under deformation, aiming to overcome key limitations of traditional constitutive models, such as the Johnson–Cook (JC) formulation. Two literature-based datasets are employed to train the CANNs: T24 steel for modeling the plastic flow stress and E250 steel for failure strain prediction. The results demonstrate substantial gains in predictive accuracy, with the CANN approach achieving a 75% reduction in root mean square error for flow stress and a 60% reduction for failure strain compared to the JC model. Beyond enhanced accuracy, this work highlights the flexibility of CANNs for future extensions, including the incorporation of additional input variables (i.e., Lode angle) and the modeling of damage factors designed for flow stress softening. These findings further support the potential of data-driven constitutive modeling as a robust alternative to conventional constitutive formulations and fitting in computational mechanics.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 11","pages":"8118 - 8126"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-10DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07700-9
Michael Ott, Moritz M. Mayer, Michael F. Zaeh, Wolfram Volk
{"title":"The Manufacturing Process Chain Consisting of Thick Sheet Forming and Peripheral Milling: Modeling of Residual Stress-Related Geometric Deviations","authors":"Michael Ott, Moritz M. Mayer, Michael F. Zaeh, Wolfram Volk","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07700-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07700-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The sequential combination of thick sheet forming and peripheral milling is an alternative to machining from solid blocks, with the advantage of increased material utilization. After the forming stage, a complex residual stress field is present in the workpieces. During the milling stage, a disturbance of the stress equilibrium can lead to workpiece distortion. A virtual modeling approach to predicting the residual stress-related geometric deviations is presented. This approach can be used to evaluate the influence of process control variables on deviations and to identify suitable parameter values for reducing them. First, the initial residual stress field at the beginning of the milling stage is determined based on a physical-mathematical model of the forming stage, considering the elasto-plastic properties of the sheet material. Subsequently, the geometric deviations resulting from material removal are modeled using a series of equilibrium calculations. For comparison, the manufacturing process chain was implemented experimentally, and measurements of the workpiece geometry using a tactile coordinate measuring system were performed. The resulting geometric deviations for two target geometries were used to validate the model predictions. The virtual model enabled the magnitude of the geometric deviations and the effectiveness of a two-step milling strategy to be predicted.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 10","pages":"7559 - 7575"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s11837-025-07700-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07714-3
Bo Li, Yuan Song, Zhicheng Huang, Han Yang, Zhaojie Chu, Xicong Ye, Dong Fang
{"title":"Evaluation of Hot Flow Behavior Models in FeCoCrNiAl0.1 High-Entropy Alloys by Modified Johnson-Cook Model, Modified Zerilli-Armstrong Model and GA-BP Neural Network","authors":"Bo Li, Yuan Song, Zhicheng Huang, Han Yang, Zhaojie Chu, Xicong Ye, Dong Fang","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07714-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07714-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The hot flow behavior of FeCoCrNiAl<sub>0.1</sub> high-entropy alloys (HEAs) was investigated using a Gleeble−3500 thermal simulation test machine under hot deformation conditions at 950-1100°C/0.001-1 s<sup>-1</sup>. A modified Zerilli-Armstrong (Z-A) model, a modified Johnson-Cook (J-C) model, and a GA-BP neural network were devised to predict the hot flow behavior. Model accuracy was evaluated using correlation coefficients (R<sup>2</sup>) and mean absolute relative error (AARE). Additionally, electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis was employed to examine microstructural evolution of the studied alloy after hot compression experiments. The results indicate that the modified Z-A model yielded R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9354 and AARE of 7.52%, while the modified J-C model attained R<sup>2</sup> of 0.9435 and AARE of 6.38%. Notably, GA-BP neural network exhibits the highest accuracy, with R<sup>2</sup> reaching 0.9969 and AARE of 2.66%. Microstructural analysis revealed that many fine recrystallized grains were formed at grain boundaries and within grain interiors. Continuous dynamic recrystallization (CDRX) and discontinuous dynamic recrystallization (DDRX) occurred simultaneously during hot deformation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 11","pages":"8068 - 8082"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07772-7
Megan Enright
{"title":"Nuclear Materials Community to Gather at MiNES 2025","authors":"Megan Enright","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07772-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07772-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 10","pages":"7174 - 7175"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07767-4
Dan Miracle
{"title":"What's Ahead for Your TMS Membership in 2026","authors":"Dan Miracle","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07767-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07767-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 10","pages":"7160 - 7161"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-09DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07727-y
Rui Yang, Xiangning Meng, Gao Yang, Ruiqi Zeng, Wei Li
{"title":"Investigation of Al2O3 on the Melting Behavior and Leaching Process of Steelmaking Slag","authors":"Rui Yang, Xiangning Meng, Gao Yang, Ruiqi Zeng, Wei Li","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07727-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07727-y","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The steelmaking process in China produces significant quantities of slag, and its chemical composition substantially affects the potential for utilization of the slag. This study has investigated the melting behavior and leaching process of steelmaking slag with different Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents. The initial melting temperature was observed to increase progressively with increasing Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content. Conversely, the effect of Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> on the complete melting temperature exhibited a complex trend: it first decreased and then increased, reaching a minimum at 6.39% Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub>. Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> significantly affected the phase composition of the steelmaking slag. At lower Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents, phosphorus predominantly existed in discrete calcium silicophosphate phases. In contrast, higher Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> contents resulted in phosphorus distribution within multi-component solid solutions. The phosphorus leaching rate initially increased and then decreased as the Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content increased. The highest leaching rate occurred at an Al<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> content of 6.39%, primarily attributed to the increased content of Ca<sub>5</sub>P<sub>2</sub>SiO<sub>12</sub>. These findings provide valuable insights into the correlation between the slag composition and leaching process of phosphorus, offering a theoretical foundation for enhancing the utilization efficiency of steelmaking slag.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 11","pages":"8548 - 8556"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145327609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
JOMPub Date : 2025-09-05DOI: 10.1007/s11837-025-07642-2
Evan B. Raeker, Nikhil Tulshibagwale, Kaitlyn M. Mullin, James D. Lamb, Tresa M. Pollock
{"title":"Detection and Classification of Cracking Via Acoustic Emission During Laser-Melting Screening for Additive Manufacturing","authors":"Evan B. Raeker, Nikhil Tulshibagwale, Kaitlyn M. Mullin, James D. Lamb, Tresa M. Pollock","doi":"10.1007/s11837-025-07642-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11837-025-07642-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Metal additive manufacturing provides opportunities for fabricating complex, high-performance parts. However, the processing demands of laser powder bed fusion have limited the availability of materials that are amenable to 3D printing, motivating development of new alloys that have low defect susceptibility. High-throughput screening tools are necessary to evaluate these new alloys and decrease prohibitive development costs. Acoustic emission sensing utilizing a piezoelectric sensor is investigated as a method for in situ crack detection during single-track laser melting experiments which are set to replicate laser powder bed fusion processing conditions. Two materials found to exhibit either solidification cracking (CMSX-4) or solid-state cracking (TZM) are examined, ultimately showing the experimental setup can detect individual solid-state cracking events but not solidification cracking events. Calibration of the sensor with ball-bearing drop tests down to 0.04 <span>(upmu )</span>J provides a useful assessment of the sensitivity of the technique. Furthermore, the acoustic emission data can be used to determine relative differences in crack size with varying scanning parameters (laser power, scan speed) and gain insight into the crack initiation characteristics of the material.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":605,"journal":{"name":"JOM","volume":"77 10","pages":"7274 - 7286"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2025-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145078848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}