{"title":"Estimation of the Potential Error in Refining the Coordinates of a Moving Object according to Data of a Modern Satellite Model of the Earth’s Gravitational Field","authors":"G. E. Valov, P. S. Mikhailov, V. N. Koneshov","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700041","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700041","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article studies the possibility and accuracy of correcting the coordinates of a moving object according to data of a modern satellite model of the Earth’s gravitational field. A software implementation of modeling the readings of strapdown inertial navigation systems (SINS) is presented. Based on an analysis of various sources and modeling of the route corresponding to a real marine scientific expedition, the optimal parameters of the SINS modules were obtained. An algorithm for refining the coordinate position of a moving object based on the coordinate descent method is proposed. Regression analysis was used to derive a formula for the relationship between the mean square error of the gravimetric map and the horizontal gradient of the gravity anomaly (GA). A number of experiments were carried out to refine the coordinate position in areas characterized by different GA gradients with modeling of the errors of the relative gravimeter and gravimetric map. As a result of experiments, it was found that it is possible to determine the coordinate position according to model gravity data with an accuracy of 100–1900 m in areas with “large” GA gradients (from 2 to 6 mGal/km) and from 100 to 6400 m in areas with “small” GA gradients (up to 2 mGal/km), depending on the type and magnitude of the errors.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"115 - 125"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two-Dimensional Inversion of Magnetotelluric Data when Studying Three-Dimensional Media","authors":"D. D. Popov, P. Yu. Pushkarev","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700077","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700077","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—A three-dimensional geoelectric model of the tectonosphere has been constructed, containing typical geoelectric heterogeneities at three structural levels: uplift and subsidence of the roof of the basement, conductive prisms in the consolidated crust, and asthenospheric uplift in the upper mantle. Synthetic magnetotelluric data were calculated, and their sensitivity to geoelectric structures was analyzed. A two-dimensional smoothing inversion of synthetic data was performed along two perpendicular profiles. Despite significant three-dimensional effects, the obtained sections quite accurately reconstruct the position of the roof of the basement, obtain rough images of crustal structures, and poorly resolve the structure of the mantle. The influence of random noise of different levels on the inversion results is assessed. In the future, it is planned to perform three-dimensional inversion of synthetic data.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"13 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Relationship between Ground Motion Intensity in Zones of Strong Earthquakes and Soil Conditions: Large Dataset-Based Analysis","authors":"M. B. Timonov, O. V. Pavlenko","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700090","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700090","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The relationship between seismic intensity of ground shaking and soil conditions is analyzed using a large set of records obtained in the zones of strong earthquakes by KiK-net vertical arrays (Japan). The observed seismic intensity is compared in pairs of stations with different <i>V</i><sub>S30</sub> soil characteristics, equidistant from the epicenter. In total, more than 1300 station pairs for 45 seismic events analyzed. For most pairs (more than 970), an inverse dependence of measured intensity on <i>V</i><sub>S30</sub> is obtained (i.e., the necessary condition for applicability of seismic rigidity method (SRM) is fulfilled). However, for more than 350 pairs, the measured intensity was higher at the stations installed on denser soils. A probable cause is that nonlinear behavior of soft soils under strong motions and the resonance effects in the ground layers were neglected when using SRM. Besides, a large scatter is revealed in experimental estimates of seismic intensity as function of <i>V</i><sub>S30</sub> at a fixed earthquake magnitude and hypocentral distance. The seismic intensity estimates from the Blake–Shebalin equations with coefficients for Kamchatka and the Kuril Islands proved to be inconsistent with observational data, which indicates rather low accuracy of intensity prediction based on soil conditions and the Blake–Shebalin equation. Improving outdated approaches in building codes has been a pressing issue for many years.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"142 - 162"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. V. Kozyreva, V. A. Martinez-Bedenko, V. A. Pilipenko
{"title":"Global Geomagnetic Disturbances Presumably Caused by Earthquakes","authors":"O. V. Kozyreva, V. A. Martinez-Bedenko, V. A. Pilipenko","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700107","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700107","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The paper examines the possibility of occurrence of global geomagnetic disturbances during earthquakes, events that have been documented by observations and reported in numerous publications in leading Russian geophysical journals. Validation of the above phenomenon could become a significant discovery in geophysics. Therefore, these results require thorough verification. The comparison of the disturbances presented in the publications with the data from high-latitude magnetometer stations has shown that all the morphological features of the long-period disturbances (with quasi periods of 10–40 min) identify them as characteristic manifestations of the activation of the magnetospheric-ionospheric current system in the auroral latitudes. Thus, the detected disturbances represent a mid-latitude response to electrojet variations in the auroral region and are not related to seismic activity. The short-period disturbances (with a characteristic period less than 1 min) proved to be either a coseismic geomagnetic response to a surface seismic wave or a burst of <i>Pc</i>3 pulsations of magnetospheric origin, occasionally coinciding with the occurrence of a distant earthquake. This study clearly demonstrates that the identification of anomalous disturbances requires the efforts of both earthquake physics specialists and space weather experts.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"89 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yu. A. Morozov, M. A. Matveev, A. I. Smulskaya, A. S. Larkov
{"title":"Tectonic Slickensides and Fault Gouge as Markers of Mechanical Instability in Fault Zones of Different Depth Levels","authors":"Yu. A. Morozov, M. A. Matveev, A. I. Smulskaya, A. S. Larkov","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700119","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700119","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Issues of the influence of rock composition and depth level of dynamic mobility on its geomechanical regime are considered with a number of natural examples from noncoeval terrigenous, metamorphic, and magmatic complexes and geostructural positions by studying fault gouge and films of slickensides. The features of rock material alteration in weakly lithified strata of the near-surface part of the crust and in consolidated rock and mineral varieties of a slightly deeper level in the transition zone from aseismic to seismogenic behavior of faults are assessed. The article demonstrates the consequences of mechanochemical alteration of rocks of different composition, changes in the thermodynamic parameters of metamorphic reactions, their volumetric effects and thermal energy orientation, as well as the influence of mineral-phase and structural-textural rearrangements on the mechanical instability of the displacement zone, its strengthening or weakening during dynamic development. The structural and material markers of stable, aseismic slip along the fault and unstable seismogenic displacement are characterized.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"95 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143947","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. E. Stepanova, I. I. Kolotov, A. N. Levashov, A. V. Gorbachev
{"title":"On Finding Stable Approximate Solutions of Linear Inverse Problems of Gravimetry in the Discrete Potential Theory: A Local Version","authors":"I. E. Stepanova, I. I. Kolotov, A. N. Levashov, A. V. Gorbachev","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700089","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700089","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—We consider the algorithms for solving linear inverse problems of gravimetry in the framework of discrete potential theory in the local version. The main focus is on ways to find a discrete analog of the fundamental solution of the Laplace equation in Cartesian coordinates in a three-dimensional (3D) space. The grid analog of the fundamental solution of the Laplace equation is reconstructed at the nodes of a regular 3D grid using the matrix sweep method. A system of linear algebraic equations (SLAE) is then solved to find the distribution of gravitating masses at the nodes of the same grid from the values of the grid gravitational potential known on some subset of nodes.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"126 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Analysis of Variations in Basin Tectonic Subsidence and Construction of Alternative Models of Basin Thermal Evolution","authors":"Yu. I. Galushkin","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700028","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Numerical reconstructions of thermal history of the sedimentary cover in the region of the Dorado North well in the Mannar basin (Sri Lanka) and of the sedimentary blanket of the Ostaninskaya-438 well in the West Siberia Basin (Russia, Tomsk region), which were presented in (Premarathne et al., 2016; Isaev et al., 2021) are compared to the corresponding reconstructions for these areas using the GALO system for basin modeling. These examples show that using basin modeling systems with a given heat flow at the base of the sedimentary cover can produce an unrealistic thermal history of the basin, despite the fact that the calculated vitrinite reflectance matches the measured ones. The analysis of variations in basin tectonic subsidence incorporated in the GALO basin modeling system allows for an assessment of the amplitude and duration of thermal activation or stretching (crustal thinning) of the basin lithosphere. This approach avoids the challenge of setting the heat flow at relatively shallow basin depths. The constrained alternative model of basin thermal evolution, constructed in this way, is based on the same initial modeling database that is used in the basin modeling system with given heat flow at the base of sedimentary blanket; the only difference is the addition of the present Moho depth.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"29 - 44"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. P. Shcherbakov, N. K. Sycheva, N. A. Aphinogenova, M. A. Smirnov, G. V. Zhidkov
{"title":"The Pseudo-Thellier Method for Single-Domain Noninteracting Particles: Theory and Experiment","authors":"V. P. Shcherbakov, N. K. Sycheva, N. A. Aphinogenova, M. A. Smirnov, G. V. Zhidkov","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700120","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700120","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The pseudo-Thellier method is numerically simulated based on a rigorous solution of kinetic equations for uniaxial randomly oriented noninteracting single-domain grains. Laboratory experiments have been performed to determine the relative paleointensity <i>B</i><sub>anc</sub> with thermoremanent magnetization (TRM) created in samples of igneous rocks in random fields <i>B</i><sub>rand</sub>; the domain structure of grains of these samples varies from single- to multi-domain. Both predicted and measured pseudo-Arai plots can be divided into two quasi linear segments, one in the relatively low-coercivity region <i>B</i><sub>c</sub> < 40–50 mT and the other at higher alternating field (AF) amplitudes. The determinations of relative paleointensity <i>B</i><sub>anc</sub> on TRM-bearing igneous rocks, estimated from low-coercivity segments of pseudo-Arai plots, give fairly good results with a linear correlation coefficient <i>R</i> = 0.8 between the true field <i>B</i><sub>rand</sub> and <i>B</i><sub>anc</sub> determined by the pseudo-Thellier method. It is shown that when thermal fluctuations for relatively small and magnetically soft particles (which corresponds to low blocking temperatures) are taken into account, a significant difference is observed between the coercive force <i>B</i><sub>cr</sub> of a grain and the actual field of its magnetization (demagnetization). The main conclusion of the study is that applying the pseudo-Thellier method to igneous rocks is promising. Further development of the methodological and practical aspects of this approach could yield interesting results, particularly when analyzing samples that are unstable to changes in magnetic minerals during the classical Thellier procedure.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"1 - 12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
G. A. Gridin, A. A. Ostapchuk, A. V. Grigorieva, D. V. Pavlov, A. V. Cheremnykh, A. A. Bobrov, I. K. Dekabrev
{"title":"Variations in Structural, Physical and Mechanical Properties of a Tectonic Fault in the Near-Surface Zone","authors":"G. A. Gridin, A. A. Ostapchuk, A. V. Grigorieva, D. V. Pavlov, A. V. Cheremnykh, A. A. Bobrov, I. K. Dekabrev","doi":"10.1134/S106935132570003X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106935132570003X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Tectonic faults are characterized by a heterogeneous structure, which determines the spatial variation of their deformation modes from aseismic creep and slow-slip events to dynamic ruptures, which are the sources of earthquakes of varying magnitudes. Based on a comprehensive analysis of geological and geophysical information, the authors investigated the features of localization of the deformations and slip modes along a 160-km section of the collision suture between the Siberian Craton and the Olkhon Terrane from the settlement of Buguldeyka to the village of Kurma. The width of the zone of the most intense deformations within the suture varies from 100 to 500 m in its different segments, while estimates of its width based on electric resistivity tomographic measurements and petrographic studies of rock samples taken from exhumed sections of the suture are comparable. Analysis of the material composition and frictional behavior of the collected samples showed that the fault segments with the narrowest width comprise rocks with the property of velocity weakening and are nucleation zones of strong earthquake foci. The typical length of such segments is about 10 km, and the distance between them is about 60 km. Segments hundreds of meters wide are also distinguished along the fault, comprising rocks with the property of velocity strengthening, where accumulated stresses relax through slow slip and aseismic creep.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"45 - 55"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145143848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational Algorithm for Detailing Models of Planetary Interior Based on Statistical Inversion of Geodata","authors":"I. A. Boronin, T. V. Gudkova","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700016","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700016","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—Until recently, the model of the interior structure of a planet was specified based on the solution of the direct problem with input data on the planetary gravitational field (mass, moment of inertia, tidal Love numbers <i>k</i><sub>2</sub>) and the presumed geochemical composition of the planet. To reconcile the different model parameters with the observed quantities, it is important to solve the inverse problem. One of the goals of this study is to design and implement a computational algorithm that allows for easy and fast addition of new input data. At the first step, a computational algorithm is constructed to determine the radial distributions of the parameters of the planet’s interior from a set of observational data. Using the Bayesian statistics approach, we then formulate the inverse problem and solve it using the Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) method. The probabilistic approach to solving the inverse problem greatly simplifies the matching of model parameters that satisfy the observations and the a priori data. The Bayesian statistics approach allows us to take into account the correspondence between the initial information about the model and the observed data. The developed computational algorithm was tested on the classical model example of gravity data inversion. The results of the numerical experiment are presented graphically. The algorithm for solving the problem has the peculiarity that each Markov chain is computed completely independently of the others. The problem is easily distributed evenly over all the cores of a computer or a cluster. This greatly reduces the running time of the computational algorithm, which is important in the future when the number of input parameters increases. At the second step of the work, it is planned to use the presented computational algorithm to find parameter distributions in the interior of planets from the known observational data.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 1","pages":"81 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145144364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}