Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth最新文献

{"title":"The Relationship between the Gutenberg–Richter b-Value and the Fractal Dimension of Seismicity according to Computer and Laboratory Modeling in Spaces of Various Dimensions","authors":"A. S. Cherepantsev,&nbsp;V. B. Smirnov,&nbsp;A. V. Ponomarev","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700600","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700600","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The relationship between the Gutenberg–Richter parameters and the fractal dimension of a set of hypocenters is studied on a computer model of the Olami–Feder–Christensen cellular automaton (OFC) in spaces (on grids) of different dimensions. The modeling results are compared to the previous data of laboratory simulations of seismicity by fracturing of rock samples. Computer modeling in spaces of different dimensions has shown that the Gutenberg–Richter parameter (<i>b-</i>value) and the fractal dimension of the event set depend on the dimension of the space within which the fracture process develops, with both parameters increasing as dimensionality increases. In spaces of different dimensionalities, the stored elastic energy is released at rupture from regions that have different dimensionality. In the case of a three-dimensional (3D) space, the energy is released from a region of a certain volume, in the case of a two-dimensional (2D) space, from a region of a certain area. Given the same rupture size and the same critical elastic energy density, more energy is probably be released in the 3D (volumetric) case than in the 2D (areal) case. This can be assumed to be the reason why the power indices of the energy spectrum and fractal geometry of the fracture process differ in spaces of different dimensions. The results of the computer and laboratory modeling of seismicity also support the validity of the Aki formula stating direct proportion between the <i>b</i>-value and the fractal dimension. The substantiation of the validity of the Aki formula for fracture in spaces of different dimensionalities may be useful for the development of methods for a more meaningful and effective transition from seismic statistics to estimates of the physical parameters of the fracture process in regions with different types of fracture in different tectonic conditions.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 4","pages":"682 - 690"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Observations of Activation of the Blomstrand Glacier in the North of Western Spitsbergen according to Data from a Single Seismic Station","authors":"A. V. Fedorov,&nbsp;S. V. Baranov,&nbsp;V. E. Asming,&nbsp;I. S. Fedorov","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700454","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700454","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—At the end of 2019, the automated seismological monitoring system of the Kola Branch, Federal Research Center Geophysical Survey, Russian Academy of Sciences, recorded an increase in weak seismicity localized in the northwestern part of Spitsbergen. The intensity of the seismic process reached several dozen events per day. Preliminary analysis of seismic event records visually revealed a high degree of similarity in their waveforms. To obtain the most complete catalog and spatiotemporal representation of the development of this seismic process, the cross-correlation detection method was used. The resulting catalog contains over 9000 seismic events in the magnitude range (<i>ML</i>) from –0.4 to 0.6. The localization of the epicenters showed that they were confined to the ablation zone of the Blomstrand glacier. Analysis of the resulting catalog showed that the sequence began and ended abruptly, with variations in the amplitudes of seismic events and times between their occurrence happening synchronously. Comparison of the results of seismic monitoring with satellite images obtained by the Santinel-2 research apparatus in the radio frequency range showed a relationship between this seismic sequence and large-scale movement of the terminal part of the Blomstrand glacier, accompanied by massive releases of ice material into the bay. At the same time, during the period of the active seismic process, no significant movements of the glacier front were observed, and large-scale movement of the glacier coincided with the end of seismic activation. Satellite data, as well as the periodicity in the occurrence of seismic events and the high similarity of their waveforms, may indicate manifestation of <i>stick-slip motion</i> of the glacier along the bed in the preparation for large-scale movement.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 4","pages":"599 - 608"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geodynamic Manifestations of Seismic Process in the Region of the November 15, 2006 and January 13, 2007 Simushir Earthquakes","authors":"V. O. Mikhailov,&nbsp;V. B. Smirnov,&nbsp;E. P. Timoshkina,&nbsp;G. M. Steblov","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700533","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700533","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The paper analyzes the evolution of the aftershock process, GNSS (GPS) site displacements, and gravity variations in the region of the November 15, 2006 and January 13, 2007 Simushir earthquakes. Postseismic creep and viscoelastic relaxation modeling with asthenospheric viscosity of 10¹⁹ Pa s is conducted. It is shown that the pattern of the GNSS site displacements, the growth of the gravity anomaly, which began five months after the earthquake of November 15, 2006, simultaneously with the propagation of the aftershock activity to a depth of 100 km, are mainly associated with the postseismic creep in a vast area including the segments of the subduction zone adjacent to the source region and the zone’s continuation to a depth of 100 km. Approximately 20% of the displacements are attributed to the action of viscoelastic relaxation. It is concluded that the features of many processes in the southern part of the Kuril Arc may be shaped by the direction of motion of the Pacific Plate which is not perpendicular to the oceanic trench in this region, and the so-called oblique subduction takes place. The emerging right-lateral shear component is realized not only in the back-arc basin, as it occurs, for example, in the Andaman Sea, but also at the plate contact itself. This leads to the formation of a zone of extension and destruction revealed by geophysical studies on the segment of the subduction zone from the Bussol Strait to the Diana Strait. On the edges of this segment, sharp changes are revealed in the depth to the acoustic basement top and the Moho which could not be detected in the destruction zone itself. This area has been a zone of seismic quiescence for a long time and hosted two largest events that occurred on November 15, 2006 and January 13, 2007. The postseismic creep model constructed in the work shows that in the region of extension and destruction, the displacements, along with the thrust component, also had a right-lateral shear component. To the north of this zone, in the region of Ketoy and Matua Islands, pure thrust displacements occurred; further north, the magnitude of the displacements decreases.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 4","pages":"586 - 598"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230316","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parametric Effects in Recent Geodynamics","authors":"Yu. O. Kuzmin","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700521","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The article discusses parametric effects in recent geodynamics, when anomalous deformation processes in fault zones occur in the setting of regional quasistatic stresses and are caused by fluctuations in the parameters of the medium inside the fault zones themselves, induced by small natural and man-made impacts. The results of physical modeling of parametric deformations under long-term (1 year) uniaxial quasistatic loading of rock samples are presented. Changes in Young’s modulus with periods of 0.03–0.3 years, accompanied by variations in the electrical potentials of rock samples, are revealed. Examples of the formation of parametric deformations induced in the fault zones by the process of preparation of a strong earthquake in Kamchatka are shown. Estimates of the influence of meteorological factors on local deformations of the ground surface are given. It is shown that in the case of linear loading , diurnal and annual temperature variations have the greatest influence. Under nonlinear parametric excitation of the processes in the fault zones, maximum deformations are caused by rainfall. The contribution of G.A. Sobolev to the development of studies of local deformations of the Earth’s surface induced by small natural impacts is noted.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 4","pages":"703 - 718"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230401","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Features of Energy Distributions of Acoustic Emission Signals during Rocks Deformation: Laboratory Experiment and Computer Simulation","authors":"E. E. Damaskinskaya,&nbsp;V. L. Hilarov","doi":"10.1134/S106935132570048X","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S106935132570048X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The article overviews the results of computer and laboratory experiments on the deformation of samples of various rocks. To identify defect evolution patterns, a model based on the discrete element method was used. In a laboratory experiment, the evolution of a microcrack system in samples (Westerly granite, Berea sandstone, metasandstone) was studied using two independent nondestructive methods: acoustic emission and X-ray computed microtomography). It is shown that the energy distribution of acoustic emission signals accompanying failure is not always approximated by a power function. An exponential form of the energy distribution of AE signals indicates a stable state of the deformed material. A power-law type of distribution indicates that the process of defect accumulation has reached a critical stage, leading to catastrophic failure.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 4","pages":"676 - 681"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory Studies of Seismoelectric Transformations in Porous Media: I. Past and Future","authors":"P. A. Kaznacheev,&nbsp;A. N. Kamshilin,&nbsp;A. V. Ponomarev,&nbsp;N. B. Podymova,&nbsp;Z.-Yu. Ya. Maibuk","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700508","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700508","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>Abstract</b>—The paper presents the first section of a work devoted to laboratory studies of seismoelectric transformations in porous media. The main historical stages and current state of research into seismoelectric transformations and their place in the aggregate mechanoelectromagnetic phenomena in rocks are considered. An updated classification of seismoelectric effects is proposed, dividing effects by the type of primary influencing field, by the type of secondary changes, and the ratio of the frequencies of the primary and secondary fields. The data on the main publications for each effect are provided, and current relevant research areas are noted. The history of research into seismoelectric effects in the aggregate mechanoelectromagnetic phenomena at the Schmidt Institute of Physics of the Earth, Russian Academy of Sciences, and the role of Corresponding Member G.A. Sobolev in these studies are described separately. The main problems associated with measuring the secondary electromagnetic field, primarily in laboratory experiments, are considered. Five of the most significant problems are identified, and various researchers’ methods for solving them are presented. It is shown that most of the solutions are incomplete and further research should be aimed at a comprehensive solution to these problems. The main problem is independent measurement of the magnetic and electrical components necessary for identifying the sources of the secondary electromagnetic field in the seismoelectric effect. It was proposed to use in the laboratory a contactless measurement of the magnetic effect of electric current, successfully tested earlier in the field. In this proposed method, subproblems have been formulated, the solution of which is necessary to obtain new data on the seismoelectric effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 4","pages":"626 - 641"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145230430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Field Variations in Geodynamo Models","authors":"M. Yu. Reshetnyak","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700405","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700405","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Increase in intensity of the heat sources in the Earth’s core reduces intensity of the dipole magnetic field. The spatial spectrum of the magnetic field becomes multipole. The intensity of magnetic dipole variations grows and its deviations from the rotation axis increase. The duration of magnetozones of constant polarity is power-law dependent on the amplitude of the magnetic dipole. The exponent of the power function can vary by a factor of two depending on dipole amplitude. Magnetic field superchrons correspond to high magnetic dipole intensity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 3","pages":"313 - 317"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"New Methods for Analyzing the Nature of Nonstationarity in the Behavior of Seismicity","authors":"A. A. Kislitsyn,&nbsp;Yu. N. Orlov,&nbsp;M. V. Rodkin","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700314","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700314","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three methods of data series nonstationarity analysis, new in geophysics, are used to analyze earthquake catalogs of the Kuril-Kamchatka and Mid-Atlantic Ridge regions. The possibility of identifying the nonstationary component of seismicity and the nature of nonstationarity are discussed. The application of new methods confirmed a number of known (expected) regularities and revealed several nontrivial features. Among these are (1) a trend of the nonstationarity to increase with characteristic time, which may indicate that the seismicity spectrum corresponds to flicker noise; (2) a difference in the pattern of magnitude distribution, probably corresponding to a decrease in the <i>b</i>-values, for the clustering main events; (3) the detection of two trends in the behavior of seismicity with time: clustering at smaller relative distances and repulsion at larger distances. These trends may correspond to the epochs of seismicity growth and subsequent decay during accumulation of tectonic stresses. The results suggest the promising application of these analysis methods, which are new in seismology, to provide a more refined picture of the nature of the nonstationarity of the seismic process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 3","pages":"396 - 405"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"On Refining the Geometry and Electrical Conductivity Tensor of a Local Inhomogeneity","authors":"V. N. Krizsky,&nbsp;P. N. Aleksandrov,&nbsp;M. L. Vladov","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700338","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700338","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><i>—</i>Based on the solution of inverse coefficient problems of direct current (dc) geoelectrics in a linear formulation, the method for refining the shape and the algorithm for finding the components of the electrical conductivity tensor of a local inclusion located in a piecewise constant medium are presented. The solution of the DC resistivity inverse problem for a local three-dimensional (3D) body characterized by electrical conductivity tensor is given. A study has been carried out to clarify the shape of an anomaly-forming object of complex geometry. An algorithm for refining the geometry of a local anisotropic inclusion is proposed. The issues related to the application of the proposed procedure are analyzed. The results of numerical experiments are discussed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 3","pages":"346 - 362"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recent Movements and Deformations of the Earth’s Crust in the Region of Avacha Volcano (Kamchatka Peninsula) from 2015 to 2023","authors":"V. I. Kaftan,&nbsp;I. K. Mironov,&nbsp;A. I. Manevich,&nbsp;R. V. Shvchuk,&nbsp;V. M. Maguskin","doi":"10.1134/S1069351325700302","DOIUrl":"10.1134/S1069351325700302","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The article presents the results of studies of modern movements and deformations according to GNSS observations in the area of Avacha volcano in 2015–2023. Studies of Avacha volcano are particularly important, because it is an active volcano closest to the administrative center of Kamchatka Krai. Interesting features of the local geodynamics of the area were revealed. Horizontal and vertical displacements, dilatation, and full shear deformations, as well as characteristics of the deficit of “internal” displacements were analyzed. In the southern part of the network, there is an accumulation of compression deformation due to pressure from the subduction zone. In the vicinity of the volcanic crater, tensile strain accumulates in the absence of significant uplift. The characteristics of the internal displacement deficit show the response of the GNSS network to the <i>M</i>6.5 earthquake (April 3, 2023) All changes in the characteristics of crustal motions and deformations demonstrated about a 2-year cyclicity. In further observations it will be possible to evaluate the stability of this phenomenon. Also noteworthy is the need to expand the GNSS observation network to the northern slope and foot of Avacha volcano for more detailed geodetic monitoring of its state.</p>","PeriodicalId":602,"journal":{"name":"Izvestiya, Physics of the Solid Earth","volume":"61 3","pages":"385 - 395"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145162263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}